Oxalic acid cleaning. This method is suitable for water stones, such as Changjiang stone and Hanjiang stone. Because the attachments produced in water are mostly alkaline, they are acidified. The method is to soak the stone in 3%-5% oxalic acid solution, and after 3-4 hours, you can see that most of the attachments have fallen off by themselves. Then soak in clean water for 1 hour, and finally rinse with clean water, and continue cleaning with a brush or steel ball. Acetone cleaning. Acetone is a chemical raw material, which has strong decontamination ability, and is especially suitable for stones exposed for many years (such as Gobi). Wipe with absorbent cotton, wipe with dry cloth, and don't rinse with water. Especially adhesive parts, this is the only way to stick firmly. Clean with leather cleaner. The commercially available leather clean agent used for clean leather clothes, leather sofas and that like is simple and easy to operate, and only needs to be wipe. The disadvantage is that the cost is a bit high. Sand blasting cleaning. For the so-called "leaking", "penetrating" and "wrinkled" stones, the surface is uneven and the adhesion is particularly firm, so it is difficult to use cleaning agents. You can go to the shop that sprays flowers on the glass and ask them to clean it by sandblasting. Be careful not to use too much force to avoid damaging the skin of the stone. Dry cleaning method. First, gently wipe it with 0 # water sandpaper; Second, buy soft grinding pieces, such as felt grinding pieces and cloth grinding pieces, and grind them lightly with an angle grinder. Be careful not to use too much force to avoid hurting stones. This method can also be used to polish stones.

Different kinds of stones have different cleaning methods.

For example, pine stone, which was formed in Sinian 600 million years ago, belongs to fine-grained limestone deposited on the seabed. Due to the crustal movement, the Changbai Mountain area rose from the ocean floor to the mountain at an altitude of nearly 3000 meters, and turquoise appeared. So collect turquoise in the ravines on the mountain, and some even dig deep. The newly collected turquoise is buried in the ground all the year round and is wrapped in thick soil. This kind of soil has been integrated with turquoise in the long-term geological changes. The layman will think that it is just a stone, and some of it will really become a stone partition and cannot be cleaned (this kind of stone partition, if cleaned seriously, will hurt the stone itself, and generally will not be cleaned too much). After some processing procedures: 1, it cannot be seen before processing. 2. Remove the hard soil layer with an electric brush; 3. Workers are sandblasting; 4. Stone after sandblasting; 5. Oil the stone; 6. Oiled stones. The beautiful shape and skin of turquoise are displayed in front of people. Although the hardness of turquoise is only 4-6 degrees, the soil outside and the turquoise inside are not the same thing after all. When it meets water, the soil outside becomes soft. When cleaning, some people like to soak the stone first, and then clean it, while more people like to knock off the hard layer of soil outside directly with an electric brush, and then clean it carefully with an iron brush. Because of many folds and changeable shapes of turquoise, it is difficult to clean general tools. Therefore, in the long-term exploration, the local people have found a characteristic suitable for turquoise, that is, the method of cleaning the soil in the cracks without destroying the stone surface and the natural shape of the stone, that is, after the stone is cleaned, the soil hidden in the cracks is cleaned by sandblasting, so that the natural texture wrapped in the soil is exposed.

The clean-up of newly mined strange stones depends on the river basin and the stone species.

If the water quality in the basin is good and the sediment is not polluted, the newly collected strange stones can only be washed with clean water, such as the Hanjiang strange stones, because the Hanjiang strange stones themselves are very clean. Whether the water in the basin is turbid or polluted depends on the situation. Sometimes with washing products, sometimes with dilute oxalic acid. What can't be washed out can't be polished I've tried, but it's no use polishing what can't be washed away, because it has penetrated into the stone. If you dig it out with a sand dredger, it may produce white marks of metal. You can gently polish the white spots on the metal with a fine oilstone. Don't worry, fine oilstone can't polish the stone itself by hand. If it is a rock, it generally needs to be cleaned with oxalic acid. Limestone in stone appreciation is mostly buried in the soil, and there are alkaline attachments on the stone surface after being dug out of the soil, which need to be cleaned up. First, soak the stone in water, then look at the thickness and area of the alkaline attachment, and then decide the concentration and soaking time of the acidic solution: when the alkaline attachment is thin and the area is small, it can be soaked and cleaned with dilute hydrochloric acid, the ratio of hydrochloric acid to water is about 1:5, and the soaking time should not exceed 10 minute, and then it can be washed with a plastic brush and cleaned with clear water; When the alkaline attachment is thick and has a large area, it can be soaked in concentrated acid with the ratio of hydrochloric acid to water of about 1:2 for no more than 20 minutes, then cleaned with plastic brush and rinsed with water. There are some hard attachments on the surface of some stone materials, which can be cleaned with a wire brush before pickling. After washing, you can directly look at the primary colors after washing, or you can put the washed stones in the open air for weathering. The washed stone products are naturally clean after weathering, and the colors are harmonious and unified.

Appreciating the natural properties of strange stones is not just appreciating the "original ecology"

Because the stone moved home from the mountains and rivers, it is no longer "original ecology". So cleaning is necessary. Pebbles in mountains and ancient rivers are inevitably covered with soil, because they have been buried in the soil for millions of years. This kind of stone can be soaked in dilute hydrochloric acid for a day or two. You don't have to worry about the impact on the stone skin, because stones that can survive in this environment are highly silicified. Then soak in dilute oxalic acid for two days, and then soak in clear water for one week to avoid acid reflux. Generally speaking, the stone surface of the river beach is relatively clean, and at most it is moss and surface pollution. Generally, it can be brushed with alkaline water. If not, you can mix 1:2 oxalic acid with washing powder, stick it on a stone, seal it with a plastic bag and leave it for a week. Never wash the stone without silicification with hydrochloric acid, because it will hurt the stone skin. Brazilian agate stones, the dirt on them is generally not washed down, because it is related to their formation. When they are in liquid state, the impurities are wrapped inside, and a layer of impurity agate shell is formed on the surface. The only way to clean them is to soak them in agate solution (I won't explain its name here because it is too toxic and corrosive to hurt people). This is how to make colorful uranium agate in Brazil.

(Excerpted from Sina blog)