1898, under the control of the British Admiralty, Ahava initially set up a temporary administrative office, which was managed by the War Department the following year. 190 1 year 1 month 1 day, officially taken over by the British colonial department, and the Organic Law of Local Government in Ahava was promulgated. On July 24th of the same year, the Ahava Order of Privy Council 190 1 was promulgated. Ahava's executive office has a chief executive who is directly appointed by the King of England. His position is equivalent to that of the governor of the British colony, but the difference is that he has all the powers of administration, legislation and justice, and the degree of autocracy far exceeds that of other colonies. 1902 On May 3rd, the first chief executive, Lockhart, took office in Weifang with the seal "Minister of Ahava Affairs under the command of Great Britain", and people in Weihai called him "Minister Luo". The administrative office consists of the director, the deputy director of China affairs and the medical director. At the grassroots level, the colonial authorities adopted the original village director system in China. They think that this traditional system is acceptable to the masses, because many village directors are elders of the most famous households in the village, and most of them are well-off households with high prestige. However, many village directors are illiterate. According to the survey at that time, there were only 79 village directors with academic qualifications in China, including 78 students (scholars). In order to facilitate hierarchical management, 1906, the Ministry of China formulated a zoning system and a general director system, which divided the whole territory into two major districts, namely, north and south, and divided it into 26 communities. Southern District 17 Community, with the Chief Executive in Wenquantang Village; There are 9 communities in the North District, which are managed by government secretaries. Each community chooses a general director, most of whom govern 32 villages, and the least is only 6 villages. Its branches are: Beimenwai, Zhudao, Sunjiatuan, Qincun, Wangjiazhuang, Tamura, Zhang Cun, Likou, Sunjiatan, Yang Ting, Xiwangjia Mine, Changfeng, LAM Raymond, Haibu, Mengjiazhuang, Qiaotou, Baoxing, Yujiakui, Yekou and Luanjiadian. In addition, it is newly established. The general director is given a monthly allowance of 5 yuan by the British authorities, and another 65,438+00 yuan is drawn from the transaction fee of the real estate contract. Every quarter, the general director will go to the China Affairs Department to hold a "Understanding People's Feelings" meeting. In police affairs, the Deputy Secretary for China Affairs is in charge, and there is a general patrol room. There are three clips (similar to police stations) in the dock area, such as Dongshan, Nanqiao and Beizhudao, and there are 15 daughter cards in the countryside. Patrol (police) is divided into three levels: inspector (three bars), patrol chief (two bars) and patrol (mostly Chinese), with a total of more than 200 people. In the judicial aspect, according to its legal provisions, all cases are tried by the High Court of British Concession in Shanghai, but judges don't often come to Wei, so all kinds of cases are tried by the local governor of Weihai, headed by the Civil Affairs Department, and the criminal affairs department is headed by the Deputy Department of Chinese Affairs. In handling cases, the British found that the traditional methods of handling cases in China could still be adopted. "As long as it does not violate the law, justice and moral standards, the court will take China or local laws and customs as the basis." . When handling cases, the Chief Executive of Southern District, Johnston, often imitates the whole process of hearing cases as China's "parents", and sometimes visits people's insiders and creates a "report box". There were some minor disputes among the people at that time. Because the parties often feel that suing the court can avoid the relationship between the village and the lira and bribery, they directly sue the court, so there is a saying that "Weihai people are good at litigation". After being sentenced for a crime, he will be sent to prison for detention; Those who are sentenced to less than 2 months will be sent to Beicang Prison (commonly known as Black House), those who are sentenced to more than 2 months will be sent to Liu Gongdao Prison, and those who are found guilty will be sent to Hongkong for execution. The dead prisoner was defended by a lawyer brought by the provincial judge. Those who could not defend themselves were hanged in Liu Gongdao. In the 32 years since Britain leased Ahava, various social undertakings have made progress and changes in different degrees. However, due to several factors, such as: first, the uncertainty of the lease period in Britain, foreign investment is hesitant and negative, and most local people have invested in land, lacking enthusiasm for industry and commerce; Second, the traffic is inconvenient. Yantai in the west has long been open to the outside world, and Qingdao in the south has a railway running through the province. Although there is sea transportation in Weihai, it is mostly controlled by British and Japanese, so the economic and social construction of Ahava has not developed by leaps and bounds. In order to develop the economy, the British authorities opened Weihai Port as a free trade port on 190 1, exempted from customs duties, encouraged entrepot trade, and only accepted donations from ships. There are also land tax, sampan tax, dock donation, business license fee, liquor monopoly tax, opium monopoly tax (monopoly stopped after 1909), road tax, etc. Over the past 32 years, a total of 49 132 16 yuan has been paid. Shipping has opened up routes to Qingdao, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Tianjin, Dalian and Incheon. Every year, there are 500-600 passenger and cargo ships entering Hong Kong on average, with a maximum of 1929, accounting for 165, 438+039 and 1.3 million tons respectively. Most of the imported goods are cotton cloth, flour, sugar, coal and oil. In terms of municipal construction, the British originally planned to build Ahava into a naval base. Later, the Admiralty thought that the money spent on building coastal fortifications was not as good as that spent on building ships, which prompted 1902 to abandon the original plan and set Weihai as a naval enclave. Its colonial department also lacked confidence in the development of ahava's business and insisted on keeping the expenditure at a minimum. 1904 the proposed municipal office building finally decided to stop construction. In addition to the large King Hotel (commonly known as the East Building) built by the British, the rest of the offshore areas are mostly small villas or summer villas built by British businessmen. The total length of urban and rural highway construction is about 70 kilometers, and the pavement is compacted with sand and gravel. Harbor wharf, besides the original iron wharf in Liu Gongdao, there is another Kanglai wharf; There are Shengde Wharf (commonly known as wooden wharf) and East Wharf (commonly known as stone wharf) outside the island. There are only dozens of posts and telecommunications and telephones, mostly for public use, and there is only one lighting company for lighting, which keeps going around the clock. In terms of culture, education and health, Wei Ying authorities officially opened a Ren Huang primary school (in Peking University Camp). In addition, the British have established ahava School (in the west of Huangnigou Village) and Liu Gongdao School to train their children. Due to the influx of missionaries into Weihai, various religious groups are also running schools. Christianity has successively established three primary and secondary schools: Anligantang (now experimental middle school), lecture hall (now western district court) and Lezhitang (now wharf primary school). Catholicism has established Starfish School (only for boys, now Whale Park Primary School) and Star Girls School (adjacent to Starfish in the west). At that time, under the influence of the national popularity of "abolishing the imperial examination and promoting learning", Ahava people also raised funds to run schools. Middle schools include Qidong Middle School (under the Golden Line), and primary schools include Qingquan (in the Confucius Temple in the city), Dedication (in the East of Tianhou Palace), Jiuhua (in the East of Peking University) and Peide (in this village, it will be swastika). Especially in order to publicize anti-independence, Tianzu Club first established Shude Girls' School (Gujiatuan South) and Yu Xiu Girls' Primary School. There are more than 40 private schools in rural areas. In addition, the gentry and business circles have also set up more than 20 civilian evening schools. There is a theater and a cinema in the dock area. The newspapers successively include ahava Qin Tian Bird (English version), Weihai New Newspaper, Weihai Noon Newspaper and Weihai Daily. In terms of medical treatment, the Wei Ying authorities have set up the "British People's Hospital" in the docklands, and one hospital in Liu Gongdao and one hospital in Wenquantang respectively.