Methods: Propagation by pressing branches: According to the number of pressing branches (generally, each mother can press 4-5 branches), dig a small ditch with a depth of 20 cm and a width of 20 cm along the natural extension direction of branches, then press the branches into the ditch, fill the ditch with rich soil, and cultivate the soil at the pressing branches into steamed bread shape after pouring enough water.
During the high-altitude layering period from September to 10, the bamboo tube 1 section is broken into two pieces (or plastic bags), filled with wet soil, placed on the strong branches of fine osmanthus varieties, supported by brackets, and the pipes (bags) are kept moist. After more than 10 months, new roots may be born. The next spring, take it down and transplant it into a osmanthus tree, which will bloom in about 3 years.
Seed propagation Every year at the end of May and the beginning of June, the mature drupes on osmanthus trees are picked, shelled, dried in the shade and stored in wet sand. Sow on the pre-arranged seedbed in the early spring of the following year, and sprout and take root when the weather gets warmer in March. Generally, the height of seedlings can reach 15 cm in one year and 1 m in two to three years. It can be planted in the nursery at this time.
Grafting propagation Select 1 year-old robust lateral branches from plants about 20 years old, cut off two buds, graft them on Ligustrum lucidum rootstock, and wrap them with plastic film until they germinate in the current season. It can bloom after 4 years, but the trunk of osmanthus tree propagated by this method is not straight, which is not suitable for street greening.
The cutting season of cutting propagation is in February, when the sap is about to flow out, and 30% of mature soil and 70% of fine river sand are used as the substrate for transplanting. Spraying 800- 1000 times trichlorfon on the seedbed before cutting to eliminate nematodes. Disinfect with lime water 10 to 15 days before insertion. Three days before transplanting, wash the bed surface with clear water, and level the bed surface after drying. The annual lateral branches of 20 ~ 25-year-old plants with excellent varieties and strong trees were selected and cut into cuttings about 20 cm long. Leave 2-3 leaves at the top of the cuttings, cut off half of the leaves and remove the rest. Cut one end of the cuttings into horseshoes, and treat the base with 10 mg/kg NAA for 10 hour. The row spacing of cuttings is 5cm× 10cm, slightly inclined, and the buried depth is 2/3 of the length of cuttings. After inserting, compact the bed soil, cover it with grass, pour water once, and set up a shade frame. When the new branches grow to more than 6 cm, they can be taken out of the seedbed for cultivation. When transplanting beds, pay attention to moisturizing and shading to prevent water accumulation. 80,000 plants can be cut per mu of seedbed, which is suitable for large-scale propagation. The survival rate can reach more than 90%, and it can bloom 4 ~ 5 years after transplantation.
Question 2: How does Osmanthus fragrans propagate? Osmanthus fragrans is generally propagated and raised by sowing, layering, grafting and cutting, as follows: 1. Osmanthus fragrans blooms 5438+00 from September to June, and the fruit matures from late March to late April of the following year. When the fruit enters maturity and the peel gradually changes from green to purple-black, it can be harvested. The collected fruits are piled and retted for about 3 days. After the peel becomes soft, wash it with water, remove the peel and pulp to get clean seeds, dry them a little, and moisten them with sand.
Osmanthus fragrans seed treatment (4 pieces) storage. Because osmanthus seeds have a post-ripening period, wet sofa buds usually take 8 months. However, because some varieties have no or few fruits, and the seedlings cultivated by sowing method have a long flowering time, which takes more than 10 years to blossom, and the variation is great, so seedling producers and family flower lovers rarely use this method. 2. Seeding and seedling raising methods are commonly used. A large number of osmanthus seedlings can be obtained by sowing and seedling raising, which is suitable for street trees. Sowing is usually carried out in wide rows, with a row spacing of 20 to 25 cm and a width of 65,438+00 to 65,438+02 cm. Sow 20 Jin per mu, and there are 25,000 to 30,000 osmanthus seedlings per mu. Before sowing, the umbilical cord should be oriented to one side, covered with one or two centimeters of fine soil, covered with a thin layer of straw, and sprayed with water until the soil is soaked to prevent soil hardening and reduce water evaporation. After the seeds germinate, uncover the grass cover in time and put the grass between rows, which can not only keep the soil moist, but also prevent the weeds from growing.
Key points of cultivation and reproduction
Seeding, layering, grafting and cutting propagation. When 65438+ 10 is sown in autumn in the same year or in spring in the next year, the initial flowering period of seedlings is late, so it is difficult to maintain the original characteristics of varieties. Layered propagation is used to propagate improved varieties. Grafting propagation is a common method. Ligustrum lucidum, Ligustrum lucidum, small wax, water wax, tassel and ash tree are used as rootstocks for grafting or cutting. Cutting propagation is mostly carried out from mid-June to late August. Transplanting is often carried out after flowering in autumn or spring, and it can also be transplanted in rainy season. Large seedlings need soil balls, and more base fertilizer should be applied to planting holes. Potted osmanthus can be placed in the courtyard sunshine in summer without shading, and it can be safely wintered indoors in winter. Pests and diseases include Fusarium wilt, dead branch disease, Osmanthus fragrans, citrus whitefly, grasshopper and so on. 1. Planting should be carried out in spring or autumn, especially in cloudy or rainy days. Choose a ventilated, well-drained, warm place with sufficient sunlight or semi-cloudy environment. Soil balls should be laid well for transplanting to ensure the survival rate. Planting soil should be acidic and avoid alkaline soil. The pot soil of potted osmanthus fragrans is composed of 2 parts humus soil, 3 parts garden soil, 3 parts sandy soil and 2 parts decomposed cake fertilizer. Mix well, then put on the pot or change the pot, before germination in spring. 2. Light and temperature can be cultivated in the open field in the south of the Yellow River basin for overwintering. Potted plants should be moved indoors in winter, placed in a sunny place and fully exposed to direct sunlight. The room temperature should be above 5℃, but not more than 10℃. After germination in April of the following year, it is moved outdoors, first placed in the leeward and sunny place for maintenance, and then gradually moved to a ventilated sunny or semi-shady environment after the growth is stable, and then normal management is carried out. Insufficient light during the growth period affects flower bud differentiation. 3. Water and fertilize before planting, mix plant ash and organic fertilizer in the tree hole, and water 1 time after planting. Keep the soil moist before the introduction of new technology, and don't water it with chemical fertilizer. Generally, nitrogen fertilizer is applied 65,438+0 times in spring, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is applied 65,438+0 times in summer, which makes flowers flourish, and overwintering organic fertilizer is applied 65,438+0 times before winter, which is mainly composed of decomposed cake fertilizer and manure. Avoid thick fat, especially feces and urine. Osmanthus fragrans potted in winter in northern China should be put in a low-temperature greenhouse. Pay attention to ventilation and light transmission indoors, with little water. After leaving the house in April, the amount of water can be increased appropriately, and the amount of light fat water can be poured in the peak season, and the fat water can be slightly thicker in the flowering period. 4. Pruning depends on the tree, determine the big frame according to the tree posture, remove other tillers, too dense branches, long branches, cross branches and weak branches, and make ventilation and light transmission. For the strong and weak, the upper branches can be cut short 1/3 to make the whole tree strong, and at the same time, the calluses antiseptic film can be applied to the pruning mouth to protect the wound. 5. Planting Osmanthus fragrans in the North Generally speaking, Osmanthus fragrans is widely planted in the Huaihe River Basin and the south, and its suitable area can reach the lower reaches of the Yellow River in the north and Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan in the south. But osmanthus can also be planted in Beijing and Qingdao. Feng Tianzhe's book "300 Questions about Family Flower Cultivation" says that in winter, sweet-scented osmanthus young trees should be watered once with antifreeze water, and roots should be planted at the base of the trees, and then the trunks and branches should be wrapped with seven-layer thick newspapers to let them overwinter in the open air in Beijing. After three years, we won't need bags in winter.
Question 3: Osmanthus fragrans can usually be propagated by cutting, layering or sowing. If decorated in flower beds or gardens, its plant height can reach 2-3 meters. If it is used in family potted plants, it can be dwarfed below 1 m. Its trunk has many branches and thin leaves. After one year, the seedlings can bloom one after another, and after three years, the flowers will be bigger, which is of great ornamental value. In the cultivation management, attention should be paid to increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers such as plant ash and bone meal, so as to increase the flower quantity and fragrance. Attention should also be paid to the prevention and control of leaf spot, anthracnose, borer, wax scale, etc., to ensure the normal growth and development of plants and timely flowering.
Question 4: cuttings such as osmanthus fragrans and oleander are not easy to survive. Why can they survive by layering? Ask God for an answer! There is not enough place to keep water for 20 minutes, and it is easy to dry up and die before taking root directly.
The layering method can lure the roots out by borrowing soil, and some branches get water from the roots to support them to take root.
Question 5: How to breed potted osmanthus trees at home? It should be that the four seasons laurel festival will keep going.
Osmanthus fragrans is suitable for growing in warm, humid and sunny places. The soil should be fertile, loose, slightly acidic and well irrigated. Osmanthus fragrans is drought-resistant and cold-resistant, and its growth temperature is 20-30℃. If there is no serious cold wave in winter, you can generally spend the winter in the open air. Propagation can usually be carried out by cutting, layering or sowing. If decorated in flower beds or gardens, its plant height can reach 2-3 meters. If it is used in family potted plants, it can be dwarfed below 1 m. Its trunk has many branches and thin leaves. After one year, the seedlings can bloom one after another, and after three years, the flowers will be bigger, which is of great ornamental value. In the cultivation management, attention should be paid to increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers such as plant ash and bone meal, so as to increase the flower quantity and fragrance. Attention should also be paid to the prevention and control of leaf spot, anthracnose, borer, wax scale, etc., to ensure the normal growth and development of plants and timely flowering.
Question 6: How do osmanthus trees propagate ... The best propagation and seedling raising methods of osmanthus are cutting, layering, grafting and sowing. Cutting propagation is usually the main method. Sweet-scented osmanthus is generally suitable for cutting from mid-May to mid-July, and then you can choose September to 10. At this time, the new buds have stopped growing, the branches contain more nutrients, the temperature is also suitable, and it is easy to take root after cutting. The most suitable soil for cutting osmanthus fragrans is loose, deep, slightly acidic soil with good water retention (pH 5.5 ~ 7.0). When cutting, the plant spacing is 5cm and the row spacing is 10cm. Osmanthus fragrans can leave the nursery or be transplanted in the next spring.
Question 7: What kind of propagation method is osmanthus fragrans? Sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction are two ways. Osmanthus fragrans can be sown and propagated through seeds. The advantages are: the taproots of the seedlings are developed, generally growing fast and erect, but with great variation, messy taste and long flowering period. For example, it took 30 years for the elderly to start flowering. Second, asexual reproduction. The original characteristics of osmanthus fragrans can be maintained, and the flowering period of the plant is early. The commonly used methods are cutting and grafting. In addition, there is a sense of hierarchy. Generally, cutting is the main method in the south and grafting is the main method in the north. In the south, Ligustrum lucidum was used for grafting, but its compatibility was not satisfactory and it was gradually eliminated. In the north, grafting is still the main breeding method because of its cold tolerance and frost resistance. Tissue culture is widely used in scientific research departments, and the stratified reproduction efficiency is extremely low, so few people use it.
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