1, internal grinding, mainly used for grinding cylindrical holes, conical holes and hole end faces of workpieces on internal grinder, universal external grinder and coordinate grinder. Generally, the longitudinal grinding method is adopted. When grinding the inner surface, the cut-in grinding method can be used. When grinding the inner hole on the coordinate grinder, the workpiece is fixed on the workbench, and the grinding wheel not only rotates at high speed, but also makes planetary motion around the center line of the ground hole. When grinding the inner circle, the grinding speed is often lower than 30m/s due to the small diameter of the grinding wheel.

2. Surface grinding is mainly used to grind planes and grooves on a surface grinder. There are two kinds of surface grinding: cylindrical grinding is used to grind the cylindrical surface of grinding wheel, and generally a horizontal axis surface grinder, such as forming grinding wheel, can also process various forming surfaces; End grinding with grinding wheel is called end grinding, and vertical axis surface grinder is generally used.

3. Gears are generally carried out on a centerless grinder. The workpiece is not centered and supported by the center, but placed between the grinding wheel and the guide wheel, supported by the lower support plate and driven by the guide wheel to rotate. When the axis of the guide wheel and the axis of the grinding wheel are adjusted at an oblique angle of1~ 6, the workpiece can automatically move longitudinally along the axis while rotating, which is called through grinding. Through grinding can only be used to grind the outer cylindrical surface. When cutting-in centerless grinding is adopted, the axis of the guide wheel and the axis of the grinding wheel must be adjusted to be parallel to each other, so that the workpiece is supported on the support plate and does not move axially, and the grinding wheel continuously feeds transversely relative to the guide wheel. Cutting into centerless grinding can process the forming surface. Centerless grinding can also be used to grind the inner circle. During machining, the excircle of the workpiece is supported on the roller or supporting block for centering, the eccentric electromagnetic suction ring is used to drive the workpiece to rotate, and the grinding wheel extends into the hole for grinding. At this time, the outer circle is used as the positioning benchmark to ensure that the inner circle and the outer circle are concentric. Centerless internal grinding is often used to grind the inner channel of bearing ring on a special grinding machine for bearing ring.

4. The characteristic speed is very high, up to 30m ~ 50m per second, and the grinding temperature is high, up to1000℃ ~1500℃; The duration of the grinding process is very short, only about one tenth of a second.