Winter pruning
Winter pruning is carried out from fruit harvesting to germination in the following spring. At this time, citrus plants are in a relatively dormant state and their physiological activities are weakened. At this time, the loss of nutritional modification is small. The faster the citrus frost damage area is repaired in winter, the faster the wound is healed and the better the effect is. After the temperature rises and warms up in the East China Sea citrus production area in spring, it can be pruned before the spring buds germinate.
Pruning in winter can adjust the nutrition of trees, restore trees, restore their momentum, coordinate the relationship between growth and fruiting, and make the next year's late spring bear fruit and have a rich flowering period. Revived old trees, weak trees or sprouted trees need to be cut down again, and then shrunk back after sprouting in late spring. After logging again, there are many new buds, the crown recovers quickly and the regeneration effect is good.
Pruning growth period
In the past, citrus pruning in the open field in China was mainly in winter. With the development of production and the progress of science and technology, pruning in growing season has been strengthened in recent decades, which has obvious effects such as promoting seedling growth, improving fruit setting rate, promoting flower bud differentiation, prolonging the life of Fengshan and restoring trees.
Growth pruning refers to all kinds of pruning from flowering to fruit picking in late spring. In the growing period, citrus grows vigorously, has active physiological activities, responds quickly after pruning, and has a large amount of growth. It has a good effect on the regeneration of old and weak trees and the picking of new buds.
Spring pruning is carried out in late spring when thunder rumbles. Objective To adjust the proportion of spring grass, bud and oil fruit to prevent spring grass from being too vigorous and aggravating flower and fruit drop. At the same time, for Xuanlei and trees that spend too much, cut off the flower branches again to reduce the flowers and young fruits in Otawa. Since the 1980s, there has been a short-term high temperature in the citrus producing areas in the Yangtze River valley in China from May to June, and the production of sweet oranges such as satsuma oranges and navel oranges has been greatly reduced. Through pruning measures, a certain number of buds can be eliminated in spring, the proportion of new and old leaves can be adjusted, the high temperature fruit drop can be reduced, and the fruit setting rate can be improved.
Summer pruning refers to pruning before and after the second physiological fruit-dropping period from May to June. Young trees are budded and cultivated. As a result, the trees cleared the late summer and reduced the physiological fruit drop. Wang Shuchun has a long heart of 25-30 cm at the end, and long branches are stout. Pruning in summer is mainly to preserve fruits and restore and maintain the growth momentum of trees.
"Autumn pruning" refers to the pruning after the fruit is set in July. The main purpose is to cultivate excellent fruiting seedlings and promote flower bud differentiation. Including sowing in time after bud smearing to cultivate more robust late autumn seedlings. Ignore smuggling and improper site selection in late autumn to avoid too many or too few seedlings. Take measures such as cutting big branches and cutting roots to promote flower bud differentiation of seedlings. Continue to ignore redundant fruits, improve and improve the quality of fruits, or improve short-bearing hairy branches and long ends of young trees in summer, so that basic bolting and fruiting hairy branches and so on.