In recent years, the situation of safe production in building construction system is very severe, and various accidents occur constantly, among which mechanical equipment accidents account for a considerable proportion. Therefore, how to strengthen the management of mechanical equipment and ensure safe production has become an important issue for enterprises to accelerate their development under the new situation. Through the analysis of large and small accident cases, we can see that many mechanical equipment accidents are caused by unsafe behavior of people and unsafe state of things. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe operation of machinery and equipment in the construction site and curb the spread of accidents, we must start with management and start from the source. We pay close attention to the "three enhancements" in practice.
First, strengthen training to improve the technical and professional quality of seafarers.
Strengthening the construction of staff and workers and improving their technical quality and professional ability are the basis for strengthening the management of on-site machinery and equipment and serving for safe production. We mainly conduct training from two levels. A, mainly for maintenance cadres to learn the technical regulations for the use of construction machinery (jggj33-2001), let them know and be familiar with the regulations, and take the regulations as the criterion to guide the work. In order to test the breadth and depth of learning, we should study and inspect it in connection with actual construction. For the project machinery administrator, self-compiled teaching materials and centralized training can improve his post responsibility and business handling ability. Second, combine the annual certification examination and re-certification, and conduct business training and assessment for machine operators. In view of the fact that mechanical operators are only familiar with operation and lack of basic knowledge of maintenance, once mechanical equipment fails, they will be at a loss. In recent two years, nearly 500 maintenance employees in eight types of jobs have been trained and assessed in terms of job skills, operating norms, safety production, professional ethics and service quality. Focus on solving the troubleshooting ability and standardized operation skills of mechanical operators, and fill in the Post Training Certificate, which is an important basis for the labor and personnel department to assess whether employees are qualified for this position.
In the past five years, we have held 43 training courses on how to be informed, with a total of 65,438+0,734 person-times. Among them, 1.52 people obtained the intermediate certificate issued by the Municipal Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision, 1 people obtained the advanced certificate, 1 people obtained the technician certificate, and 1.304 people successfully completed the re-examination for special jobs. With the deepening of enterprise reform and the change of employment concept, it has become a self-discipline to improve the technical quality and professional ability of employees and serve safety in production.
Second, strengthen on-site inspection and raise awareness of safety services.
Strengthening on-site inspection and improving the awareness of safety service are the keys to strengthen the management of on-site machinery and equipment and serve for safe production. It is the top priority of equipment management to nip the hidden dangers of mechanical equipment and accident seeds of safe operation in the bud. We realize that there are hundreds of engineering projects, which span a large distance and are difficult to construct. To manage mechanical equipment well, it is not enough to rely on the quality of machine operators themselves, but must be supplemented by necessary supervision mechanisms. To this end, we put the focus of equipment management on the construction site, close to the operating point, set up a "safety inspection team", equipped with professionals and special vehicles. Clarify the main responsibilities of the "Safety Inspection Team". First, go deep into the construction site and strengthen the supervision and inspection of mechanical operators' compliance, arrival and service; The second is to check the operation of mechanical equipment and rectify the problems in time. There are two ways of rectification. Small problems are solved by the crew immediately. If the crew can't solve them, the repair shop is responsible for solving the rectification list. The third is to strengthen the on-site monitoring of elevator installation and disassembly in tower crane construction. The operation mode of the inspection team is "three-all" management, that is, all-weather sampling, including weekends, holidays, nights and typhoon seasons; Full coverage, all related projects and external leasing projects of the company; The whole process from mechanical equipment entry, installation and acceptance, process operation to equipment removal and exit. According to statistics, each project is inspected 1.7 times a week on average, and other provincial and municipal projects are inspected 1-2 times a month on average.
Since 1999 carried out the safety inspection, the phenomenon of illegal operation has been basically controlled, and the phenomena of lack of posts, absence of posts, failure to wear safety helmets, violation of discipline and loss of insurance have reached the lowest point. Hidden dangers of safety accidents found in patrol inspection shall be treated as safety accidents. Through effective patrol inspection, the hidden dangers of accidents can be eliminated to the maximum extent, and major casualties can be eliminated. The mechanical equipment on the construction site is always under control.
Three, strengthen the maintenance of mechanical equipment, improve the mechanical integrity rate.
Strengthening the maintenance of machinery and equipment and improving the intact rate of machinery are the guarantee to strengthen the management of machinery and equipment on site and serve the safety in production. We mainly did two jobs.
1. System first. We have formulated a series of management systems, such as Management System for Mechanical Equipment Maintenance, Management Procedure for Construction Site Emergency Repair, Management System for Equipment Accessories, System for Equipment Maintenance Professionals, and Management Regulations for High-strength Fasteners of Construction Machinery and Equipment, which stipulate the classification and operation methods of regular maintenance of various mechanical equipment in the company. For large-scale construction machinery that poses a great threat to the safety production on the construction site, various machinery companies have formulated technical standards for mechanical equipment maintenance. Among them, Liebherr in Germany, Potan in France, MC60 tower crane, ALIMAK in Sweden, silicon pump and hydraulic excavator. Using scanner to assist computer typesetting, the main points of maintenance and lubrication at all levels and the adjustment of various safety limit devices are explained at different levels, which is illustrated with pictures and texts, and has strong operability and guidance.
2. Standardize operation. First of all, according to the actual running time of the equipment and the technical standards of mechanical equipment maintenance, the primary and secondary maintenance process cards of mechanical equipment are formulated so as to implement the primary and secondary maintenance of on-site equipment. Secondly, strengthen the maintenance of existing machinery and equipment (that is, with repair and two guarantees) and work out the workflow. Third, refine the management of attachment library. The management of equipment accessory library is an important part of mechanical equipment management. Grasping this work well can make the appearance and condition of mechanical equipment entering the construction site meet the standardized management requirements of the construction site, which is of great significance to ensure the safe operation of the machinery on site. The equipment parts library shall be classified and set according to the models and specifications of the parts, and an account shall be established. Mechanical equipment exits, the main engine enters the workshop for maintenance, and the accessories enter the warehouse for classified inspection, and are cleaned, maintained and reshaped according to different specifications. Seriously damaged parts are determined to be repaired or scrapped after inspection by technicians. After cleaning, maintenance, trimming and renovation, accessories shall be painted or lubricated and stacked according to the site layout. Some accessories that are not suitable for outdoor stacking should be put into the warehouse. The standard sections of tower cranes and construction lifts are managed according to the types and specifications. It is also necessary to test the wall thickness of the standard section guide rail frame in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Technical Standard for Maintenance of Construction Lifts. If it exceeds the standard, it will be scrapped. The remaining parts should be painted with color codes according to the percentage of pipe wall thinning, so as to make differences in resource allocation in the future. The model, specification and quantity of standard sections in stock and delivered to the construction site shall be managed by computer. Due to strengthening the maintenance of mechanical equipment, the mechanical equipment used in the construction site can maintain good performance. In 2002 and 2003, tower cranes and construction lifts were installed 175 times, and the qualified rate was 100%, which was commended by the testing center of Shanghai Construction Committee every year.