Basic introduction of Chinese scientific names: velveteen alias: Chunyu, Camptotheca acuminata: Plant phylum: Angiosperm: Monocotyledon: Araceae: Camptotheca acuminata: Camptotheca acuminata distribution area: widely cultivated in central and southern provinces of China. Morphological characteristics, growth environment, distribution range, main value, propagation methods, cultivation techniques, maintenance management, pest control, environmental requirements, common varieties, morphological characteristics, wide leaves, palm-shaped, plump, pinnately parted and shiny; Petiole is long and thick, aerial roots are extremely developed and stout, but drooping. Vine type. Evergreen velvet grows on the trunk in the wild state, which is tendril-shaped and green all year round, but it is not obvious in potted plants. The growing environment likes warm and humid semi-cloudy environment and is afraid of cold and bright light. Warm and dry, suitable for growth temperature 16 ~ 26℃, suitable for growth in sandy loam rich in humus and well drained. Distribution in South America, velveteen is native to Brazil, Guyana, Bologna and other Central and South America, and is widely cultivated all over the world. Widely cultivated in the central and southern provinces of China. Its main value lies in its symmetrical leaves, moderate stretch, dark green, indoor decoration, generous and elegant, rich in tropical rainforest atmosphere, and it has become one of the more common indoor foliage plants in families and public places. There are nearly 300 kinds of creeping velveteen, which win by its diverse leaf shapes and colors, and its growth state changes endlessly, bringing a lot of fun to life. Propagation method: In the propagation of evergreen velvet antler, cutting is usually carried out from several segments at the end of the stem. However, due to its short length, it is difficult to cut materials. If it is necessary to expand reproduction, compulsory measures should be taken to promote the germination of new buds. The specific method is: in the growth period, select stem plants, cut off the first leaf at the top with 1-2 aerial roots, insert sand or vermiculite, water and keep warm when wet, and then put the roots into a pot. The plants in the original pot can strip all the leaves. After the terminal buds are cut off, the lower leaves will sprout soon. If the terminal bud is cut off in rainy season, it will germinate at the base of petiole after 10 days. After a while, the new shoots can be cut off and put in a pot with some roots. After the pot is put on, marinate it in a damp place for two weeks, and then move it to the semi-shade. Pay attention to shaping at seedling stage, support and bind the leaves to prevent them from spreading. When it is a little older, it can be loosely formed in that year. The maintenance and management cultivation techniques of Meconopsis prostrate have strong adaptability, and it begins to grow at about 65438 00℃. In order to keep the soil moist, plants should be sprayed with water to cool down when drying, and the air humidity should be kept at 70% to 80%. However, if the temperature is lower than 15℃, the watering amount should be reduced. It can be kept at about 5℃ in winter, and the soil in the basin should not be too wet. May-September is the peak season for growth, and it is watered 1-2 times a month, mainly with decomposed rare organic liquid fertilizer. But not too much, otherwise the dough petiole is long and weak, and it is not easy to stand upright, which will affect the ornamental effect. Apply sufficient base fertilizer when changing pots in spring. The requirements for light are not strict. In summer, due to high temperature, high temperature and high humidity, it is necessary to strengthen shading and ventilation. The temperature is low and the sun shines in autumn and winter. If the light is too strong, the leaves will be yellow-green, and if the shade is too strong, it will be too long to lodging, which will affect the ornamental effect. The juice of all vines is poisonous and inedible. If you want to trim leaves or change pots, you'd better wear gloves to avoid hand discomfort. Water and fertilizer management: Sprinkling water should always keep the soil moist. When the weather is dry, plants should also be sprayed with water to cool down. May-September is the peak season for growth, so water it 1 time a week. It should be used with calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate and magnesium sulfate, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should not be too much, otherwise the dough petiole is long and weak, and it is not easy to stand upright, which will affect the ornamental effect.
Temperature management: warm and humid semi-cloudy environment; The long-term optimum temperature is 16 ~ 26℃, and the winter temperature is not lower than 10℃. If the temperature is lower than 15℃, the watering amount needs to be reduced, and heating equipment is needed for winter maintenance. If heating facilities are not used, double insulation facilities can be used, and the shed should be closed in time when the temperature drops to 22-24℃ in winter afternoon.
Humidity management: If you like dry environment, water it properly. To keep the soil moist, spray water on plants to cool down when the temperature is high, and keep the air humidity at 60% to 70%.
Lighting management: the lighting requirements are not strict, and the spring lighting is controlled at 15000-20000 lux; In summer, due to the high temperature, high temperature and high humidity, it is necessary to strengthen shading and ventilation, and the light control at 10000- 15000Lux is ideal; The temperature is low in autumn and winter, and the illumination is controlled at 20000-30000Lux or full sunshine. If the light is too strong, the leaves will be yellow-green, and if the shade is too strong, it will be too long to lodging, which will affect the ornamental effect. Pests and diseases control of leaf spot and shoot blight: 65% zineb wettable powder can be sprayed with 500 times of liquid, and Gramineae can be sprayed with 800- 1000 times of liquid. Scale insects and red spiders: you can spray pesticides. Environmental requirements: velvet antler has strong adaptability, but has low requirements on environmental conditions. It begins to grow around 10℃, and should be placed in a semi-shady place during the growing period, and direct sunlight should be avoided in summer. Indoor potted plants should be placed by the window. Watering and sprinkling water should always keep the soil moist. When the weather is dry, you should also spray water on plants to moisten and cool down. May-September is the peak season for growth. Fertilize water 1-2 times a month, not too much, otherwise the dough petiole is long and weak, and it is not easy to stand upright, which will affect the ornamental effect. When turning pots in spring, the tangled roots should be trimmed properly to promote them to grow more new whiskers, so as to avoid root malabsorption and difficulty in supporting larger leaves. It can be kept at about 5℃ in winter, and the soil in the basin should not be too wet. Common variety: heart-shaped leaf creeping green velvet with red buds creeping green velvet: perennial evergreen herb. The stem is upright. The leaves are clustered, oval, entire, microwave-shaped, and extremely bright. Petiole length10 ~15cm, leaf length15 ~ 20cm and width 8 ~12cm. Bracts are bright red, red and green with bright colors. Linear aerial roots usually grow on stems.
Evergreen, erect leaves: erect plants, short stems and slow growth. The leaves are lanceolate, the tip of the leaves is gradually pointed, the base of the leaves is obtuse and round, leathery, all around, bright green, 20 ~ 30cm long and 10 ~ 15cm wide.
Parthenocissus: commonly known as "little angel", Parthenocissus Aldo belongs to Araceae and is a small perennial erect herb. Its leaves are small and elegant, and its appearance looks like the feathers of a big bird. The crane grows in a warm and humid environment, with a growth temperature of 20 ~ 30℃, and can tolerate the low temperature of 5℃ for a short time, but it cannot be lower than 10℃ for a long time in winter.
Green velvet of golden diamond vine: medium-sized species, short stems, aerial roots, oblong leaves, about 30 cm long and shiny. The top is pointed, leathery and green. The leaves are wide, palm-shaped, thick, pinnately parted and shiny; Petiole is long and thick, aerial roots are extremely developed and thick, hanging down, so it is decorated indoors, elegant and full of tropical rainforest atmosphere. It is a good foliage plant, and now it is widely planted in the central and southern provinces of China. "Con-Go" is cold-resistant and pendulum-resistant, and can be used to cut leaves in potted plants. It is a very popular shade potted foliage plant in the American market. Its leaves are well-proportioned, moderately stretched, dark green and have rigid brightness, and the life of each leaf is as long as 30 months.
Meconopsis macrophylla: Meconopsis macrophylla is a horticultural species with halberd-shaped leaves, thick, dark green, leathery surface, length of 20-30cm, width 12-20cm, petiole length of 4-9cm, purplish red, and many linear aerial roots growing on nodes. Generally, the large-leaf ivy velvet is planted in a big pot with a pillar in the middle, so that it can be wound. It is most suitable for decoration in the hall and is one of the popular large-scale decorative plants. Camptotheca acuminata, also known as Camptotheca acuminata and Chunyu, belongs to Pterocarya of Araceae. Feather rosewood is strong, unique in leaf stage and very resistant to shade. It is one of the most common indoor foliage plants in families and public places at present. It is a perennial evergreen herb. The stem is upright. The leaves are large, pinnately divided, and the petioles are long and dark green.
Bidens bipinnata, alias Willodo, feathered green velvet, Willodo velvet, Camptotheca acuminata feather, ribbed velvet, Aldo. Perennial evergreen herbs. Cluster, 30 ~ 50 cm high. The stems are getting shorter. The leaf blade is oblong, the apex is tapering, the base is heart-shaped, the leaf margin is wavy, there are 5-6 pairs of pinnate shallow lobes, and the pinnate lateral veins are obvious, and the number of lateral veins is the same as that of pinnate. The leaves are smooth, dark green and shiny, 15 ~ 20cm long and thick. Petiole is 20 ~ 30 cm long, nearly cylindrical, with a slight groove on one side.
P.andreanum has long heart-shaped leaves and dark green and milky white veins.
Page (abbreviation of page) Soda is evergreen, fleshy and climbable. Leaves heart-shaped, entire, dark green.
P.cruentum, with rectangular leaves, heart-shaped base, light green and red back, is called "red leaf" in Peru.
Page (abbreviation of page) leaves oval, entire, slightly curved back, halberd-shaped, leaf base concave, green. Its varieties are emeralds and rubies, with golden leaves and red backs.
The leaves of red taro are covered with Josephine, and the leaves are purple-brown.
P.evansii, with broad oval leaves, elephant ears, length of 1 m, dark green and light pink leaves, is the most beautiful variety in chrysanthemum.
Mexican velveteen (P. karstenianum) has oval leaves, bright green leaves and red petioles.
Page (abbreviation of page) climbing type, aerial roots in stem nodes, palmately 5-lobed leaves, violinist-like lobes, dark green and leathery.
Small turtle (P.pertusum) has wide heart-shaped leaves, small leaves, and oval perforations on both sides of the middle rib, which looks like a turtle's back bamboo. It is dark green and shiny. P. sodiroi has small leaves, heart-shaped, blue-green, silvery white stripes and red petiole.
Page (abbreviation of page) Wendland No.2 leaves are wide and lanceolate, dark green, with long petiole and no swelling.
In addition, the interspecific hybrid variety is emerald, with large leaves, wide heart shape and dark green. Emerald, shovel-shaped leaves, medium green, disease-resistant and shade-tolerant varieties. Florida, the leaves are pinnately parted, 5-lobed, dark green, and the petiole is brownish red. The flower shape is compact, the internodes are short, and the leaves are 5-lobed. RoyalQueen, small leaves, heart-shaped, dark green, and blood-red stems and petioles. Majestic, arrow-shaped leaves, dark copper green, red back, red stems and petioles. Red Duchess, heart-shaped leaves, dark green, red back and red petiole. Jin Fenghua has a long heart shape, dark yellow leaves, red leaf margin, short petiole and golden yellow.