Main categories
The main types of rose are vine rose, big flower perfume rose, abundant flower rose, miniature rose, tree rose, strong flower rose, shrub rose, ground cover rose and so on.
Today, I mainly introduce a kind of rose suitable for potted plants-Yue Wei.
Miniature rose is a kind of modern rose. It is short, compact, spherical and has many flower heads. Because of its unique character, it is also called diamond rose.
Miniature rose is a new variety of Rosaceae, with short plants and bright colors. The flowering period will be open all year round, and the space requirements are not high, even small balconies can be cultivated. Very suitable for potted plants.
Miniature rose likes warm, fat, light, well-ventilated and well-drained environment; Generally speaking, the requirements for soil are not strict, but slightly acidic soil with loose air permeability, rich organic matter content and pH value of 5.5 ~ 6.0 is suitable. The suitable growth temperature is 15 ~ 26℃ during the day and 10 ~ 15℃ at night. Longer illumination time can make miniature rose blossom early, increase the number of flowers obviously, and make the plant shape more compact and beautiful. High temperature can promote the early flowering of miniature rose, and low temperature can delay its flowering, especially when the temperature is lower than 13℃. When the temperature is higher than 24℃, the net photosynthetic rate of plants will decrease. Too much water can easily lead to yellowing of leaves, falling off, reduction of roots, etc., while plants lacking water are difficult to recover themselves. In addition, in the case of more fertilization, water shortage is easy to cause soluble salt damage.
Micro-rose propagation method
Miniature rose is propagated by cutting, which can be carried out all year round, but hard branch cutting is suitable in winter or autumn. Cut off the strong branches of the newly withered flowers as cuttings, cut off the residual flowers and lower leaves, leave 1~2 leaves on the upper part, soak them in 0.05‰ indoleacetic acid or naphthylacetic acid solution for 1~2 hours, and then fold them, accounting for about 65,438. Cutting in winter is generally carried out in greenhouse. If cutting in the open field, attention should be paid to increasing moisturizing measures.
For a few varieties that are difficult to take root, grafting propagation can be used. The common rootstock is Valeriana officinalis, and grafting in early spring or budding in growing season, especially budding, is better.
Key points of management
1, moisture
Micro-rose plants are small and have shallow roots, so the soil should be kept moist before germination in spring, and the watering amount should be gradually increased after germination, and the best watering time is before 10 every morning. If the air is dry and the evaporation of water is relatively large, an appropriate amount of water can be added in the afternoon according to the dryness and wetness of the basin soil.
Step 2 apply fertilizer
Micro-rose is a fertilizer-loving plant, which grows vigorously in spring and autumn. Top dressing is required for 65,438+0 times every 65,438+00 ~ 65,438+05 days, and organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer can be used. Fertilization should be stopped in high temperature season in summer and low temperature season in winter.
Step 3 protect the environment
Micro-rose is a sunny plant and should be kept in a well-lit and ventilated place. Micro-roses are relatively cold-resistant, and enter dormancy at low temperature in winter, and dormancy is relatively cold-resistant.
4, appropriate pruning
After the miniature rose withers, some branches should be cut off. After winter, pruning mainly focuses on plastic surgery. First, cut off dead branches, diseased branches and crossed twigs. For plants with vigorous growth and symmetrical plant types, the whole plant 1/3 should be cut off. For plants with weak growth, about 2/3 of the whole plant is cut off, leaving 3 ~ 5 strong main branches.
5. Turn the basin regularly
Turn over the basin once every 1 ~ 2 years, remove 2/3 of the old soil and replace it with loose, fertile soil rich in organic matter. Before spring germination, soil should be changed, combined with pot turning, to cut off dead roots, rotten roots and pests and diseases.
6, pest protection
The diseases of miniature rose mainly include white powder, gray mold and black spot, which can be controlled by powder embroidery and methyl thiophanate. Pests include aphids, red spiders, leaf-cutting bees and so on. , spraying acetamiprid, abamectin and malathion.
Tip: Most of the miniature roses bought by flower friends from the market are cultivated in greenhouses, which is much warmer than our home environment. In order to adapt them to the dry environment at home, we should spray water on plants to improve the air humidity. Try to put it in a sunny environment. It is advisable to choose a slightly larger pot for changing pots, not too big. Let the water seep down after changing pots to avoid water accumulation. Miniature rose is neither drought-tolerant nor waterlogging-tolerant. In order to ensure the permeability of the root soil, it can be seen that it is dry and wet. As long as the temperature is suitable, the micro-moon can bloom all year round, so the blooming flowers should be cut off in time. In order to grow more flower branches, some blind branches or weak branches should also be cut off. Micro-rose is a relatively pruning-resistant plant. Moreover, there is enough fertilizer and it will continue to bloom.