Soil preparation refers to ploughing, loosening soil, clearing weeds, leveling land and fertilizing. Fertilization is mainly based on base fertilizer, and the application amount depends on soil fertility. Under normal circumstances, apply organic fertilizer 108 -200 tons per hectare. Phosphate fertilizer should be applied 30 -45 days before planting, and the dosage is per hectare 180 -240 kg, and potassium fertilizer is per hectare 120 kg.

Acidic soil can be improved by applying lime. It can be cultivated in spring and autumn. It is best to choose spring scissors in early April. Autumn is best when the branches stop growing, that is, before the first frost comes.

The row spacing of raspberry planting is 2.5m-3m, and the plant spacing is 0-5m-0.75m. If there are enough seedlings, it can be reduced to 0.25m-0.35m. The growth results show that it takes 3 -4 years for raspberries to completely occupy the row spacing f when the plant spacing is 0.5m-0.75m, and it can occupy the row spacing in the next year when the plant spacing is 0.25 m-0.35 m.

Step 2 cultivate

Mainly to loosen the soil and weed. Loosening and weeding between rows should be carried out once in spring. In summer, soil preparation should be carried out according to the degree of soil hardening and weed growth. Usually, the loose soil between rows should be grasped 2 -3 times before the fruit is harvested. After the fruit is harvested, 1 time loosening soil and 2 times intertillage management should be carried out, because the soil between rows is serious and solid and weeds are overgrown during the berry harvesting process, so loosening soil and intertillage should be carried out.

In early summer, some weak and damaged roots and tillers should be removed, and redundant branches should be removed to prevent them from being too dense. It is also necessary to cut off the biennial branches that have already borne fruit. This work must be cut off immediately after the fruit is harvested, and all redundant, broken and diseased annual branches must be cut off.

Help tie it. Support and binding are also important contents of raspberry field management. Support is to erect the stem of raspberry with a bracket to avoid serious bending after fruiting. Through support, the quality and yield of fruit can be effectively improved.

Step 3 harvest

Picking raspberries should be carried out at the right time, not ahead or behind. It is usually harvested one or two days after maturity. Berries should be picked with fruit clips and some fruit handles. It is best to store the harvested berries in the refrigerator near 0℃ and relative humidity around 90. Under such temperature and humidity conditions, it can be preserved for about 65438 0 weeks. The long-term preservation of berries can be achieved by using cold storage facilities such as cold storage.

Extended data

value

1, antioxidant activity

Anthocyanin, as an excellent natural antioxidant, has the ability to scavenge superoxide anion, oxygen, peroxide, hydrogen peroxide and other active oxygen, and has stronger lipid peroxidation than other antioxidants.

2. Anticancer activity

The pressure of modern life and the change of environment make more and more people bear the risk of cancer. Many studies have shown that anthocyanins in fruits and vegetables can prevent cancer and inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Anthocyanins can reduce the proliferation of cancer cells, induce cancer cells to stagnate and stimulate cancer cells to apoptosis and autophagy by regulating signal transduction pathways.

3. Anti-inflammatory activity

Persistent inflammation will increase the possibility of cancer in humans and animals. Inflammation is the result of over-expression of inflammatory cells and inflammatory factors. When the body is inflamed, the contents of nuclear transcription factor kB(NF-kB) and cyclooxygenase -2(COX-2) will change.

Anthocyanins can inhibit transcription factor NF-kB to control the secretion and over-expression of inflammatory factors, down-regulate the mRNA expression level or inhibit the protein expression of COX-2 and interleukin, showing anti-inflammatory activity in vivo.

4. Other activities

In addition to the above three activities, people also found some other functions of anthocyanins, such as protecting liver, improving liver function, resisting bacteria and viruses, resisting mutation, resisting obesity, resisting aging, reducing serum fat content, preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, etc.

In addition to fresh food, black raspberry berries can also be processed into various foods, such as juice, jelly, refreshing drinks, candied fruit, jam, fruit wine, juice syrup and so on. Freeze and dehydrate to make raspberry dried fruit, with no loss of nutrition.

In addition, its red juice also has special natural pigment additives. Drinks made from blackberry berries can keep good flavor. Because its nutritional components and juice yield are better than many fruits, it is listed as natural green food and healthy food, which has been popular in Europe and America, but it has just emerged in China.

Baidu encyclopedia-black raspberry

Baidu Encyclopedia-Rubus