1. The psychological preparation of patients is very important, and the necessity and effect of operation must be explained repeatedly before operation to gain the full understanding and trust of patients and their relatives, which is very important to ensure the cooperation of patients and prevent the bad mental state that is easy to appear after operation.

2. Prepare 200 ~ 400 ml of blood.

3. Determine the new position of nipple and the position of areola range. The new position of nipple is located at the level of the middle line of clavicle, which is equivalent to the midpoint of upper arm, generally located in the fifth intercostal space, and unmarried youth is located in the fourth intercostal space. The new areola is round with a diameter of 4 ~ 5 cm.

4. Designing incisions There are many surgical methods reported at home and abroad, but there is no definite surgical type. The corresponding incision can be designed according to the surgical method selected by the operator. This paper introduces a method of breast reduction and plastic surgery by removing part of the internal gland and retaining the pedicle of the lower straight flap.

(1) Trapezoidal incision: A trapezoidal incision line is designed with the lower edge of the original areola as the top and the lower breast fold as the bottom, and the bottom width is generally 8 ~ 10 cm.

(2) Crescent-shaped incision: A transverse arc is designed 3cm below the lower edge of the designed new areola, with the concave surface facing upwards, and both ends overlap with the drawing line of the lower breast fold, showing a crescent-shaped incision line, with the inner side overlapping with the sternum and the outer side overlapping with the axillary front line.

[anesthesia]

Continuous high epidural anesthesia.