The methods of pruning branches are short cutting, tillering and coring.
1, short cutting: one of the pruning methods of branches is short cutting, that is, cutting off a part of branches, in order to stimulate the germination of lateral buds, sprout new buds and increase the number of new branches. Shortening can be divided into mild, moderate, severe and retraction. , in which the light short cut is 1/5- 1/4 of the total length of the cut branches, and the severe short cut is.
2. Thinning: When thinning branches, it is mainly to cut branches from meristem to adjust the uniform distribution of branches, increase the internal space of plants, improve ventilation and light transmission, which is beneficial to the formation of crown and the differentiation of flower buds. The objects of thinning branches are pests, dead branches, over-dense branches and cross branches.
3. Tillering: When removing the tillers of trees, it is necessary to remove the twigs growing near the base and wound of the trunk, or the root tillers growing from the roots, otherwise these branches and root tillers will affect the tree shape and disperse the nutrients in the tree body, which is not conducive to the robust growth of trees.
4. Tapping: Tapping, also known as topping, refers to the work of removing the top of reserved branches, basic branches or side branches. Tapping can control the height of trees, which is conducive to the bold growth of plants and accelerate the development of flower buds and fruits. Beating is usually done in the morning to avoid sunburn caused by strong light.
Precautions for pruning trees:
The cut of pruning branches should be smooth, and the inclined plane with a 45-degree angle with the cutting buds should be cut from the opposite side of the cut. The upper part of the inclined plane is flush with the cut bud tip, and the lowest part of the inclined plane is flush with the bud base, so that the cut wound is small, easy to heal and the bud grows quickly after germination. Cut off the openings of sparse branches at the branch points and connect them with the stems, leaving no residual piles. Shrubs with sparse branches are flush with the ground.
The direction and quality of cutting buds determine the growth direction of new branches and new branches. The direction of bud cutting should be considered from the distribution of branches in the crown and the expected growth of new branches. When the crown needs to expand outward, the cut buds should be left outside the branches. If the lumen is empty, the direction of bud cutting should be inward. For branches that grow too vigorously, weak buds should be used as cutting buds, and full strong buds should be selected when supporting weak branches.