Cultivation and management of honeysuckle
First, land selection and land preparation
First, the use of barren hills for development and planting; Second, planting on existing cultivated land; The third is to use the ridges and ditches in front of and behind the house to plant sporadically. If the barren hills are used for piece development, it is best to open a trapezoidal pit with 1 above it. 5-2 meters to facilitate the growth of honeysuckle roots.
Second, plant seedlings.
Before germination in early spring or dormancy in autumn and winter, dig holes on the whole planting ground, with the plant spacing of 1 or 2m and the depth of 80cm. Apply 5- 10kg pig cow dung or soil miscellaneous fertilizer to each hole, mix them with the soil evenly, then plant strong seedlings in each hole, fill them with fine soil, and pour them thoroughly with root water.
Third, intertillage weeding
After the strong seedlings survive, they are cultivated 2-3 times a year, the first time when new leaves are produced around spring germination, the second time in July-August, and the third time in late autumn and early winter. After intertillage weeding, soil should be cultivated in the rhizosphere of plants to facilitate wintering. During intertillage, it should be shallow around the plant rhizosphere and slightly deep in the distance to avoid damaging the root system. After planting, it should be 1-3 years. Intercropping low crops with current income. (Source: Jin Yinhua House)
Fourth, topdressing
Germinate in early spring every year, and after picking flowers in summer, topdressing should be carried out once. Organic fertilizers such as grass miscellaneous fertilizer or compost are mainly used, and urea or compound fertilizer is applied at the same time. After fertilization, ditch and fill the soil 50 cm away from the plant and cover the soil with fertilizer. When applying chemical fertilizer alone, you should open a circular furrow around the plant and cover the soil with fertilizer for cultivation. 5 centimeters.
Five, plastic pruning
After the seedlings are planted, they are pruned and cultivated into umbrella-shaped upright stumps. The specific pruning methods are as follows: in 1-2 years after planting, the upright and stout trunk is mainly cultivated, that is, when the height of the trunk is about 40-60 cm in the first year, the top is cut off to promote the lateral buds to grow into branches; After germination in the next spring, select 5-6 thick branches on the upper part of the trunk and divide them. After shaping and pruning, it is an umbrella stump with uniform distribution, ventilation and light transmission, and thick and straight trunk. Honeysuckle has the characteristics that new branches can develop into flower branches in the same year. Through the above pruning measures, more new technologies can be popularized, more buds can be formed, and the purpose of increasing production can be achieved. Winter pruning should be carried out before beginning of winter every year, cutting off withered old branches, pests and diseases, weak branches, horizontal branches and long branches that disturb the tree. Concentrate nutrients on the formation of new branches and buds, and topdressing once after pruning.
Six, pest control
Powdery mildew: it harms the leaves and tender stems of honeysuckle. In the early stage of leaf disease, round white velvet poison spots appeared, and then they continued to expand and become one piece, causing flowers to fall, leaves to wither and branches to dry up. Prevention and control methods: first, cultivate disease-resistant varieties; B reasonable close planting, shaping and pruning to improve ventilation and light transmission conditions; C, spraying copper triazole 1500 times on the trees at seedling stage; D, spraying thiophanate methyl or carbendazim at the initial stage of germination for prevention. Anthrax: perfusion with solution diluted 500- 1000 times by Dixintong original powder; Spray 200-250 times of dichlorvos against rust (50 kg of liquid medicine and 50 g of washing powder as adhesive). The main pests are aphids, red spiders and caterpillars. Use dichlorvos, pirimicarb and other pesticides to control vegetables and fruits according to the conventional method, or spray with the extract of tobacco leaves, lime and water (5: 1: 100).
Note that toxic pesticides are strictly prohibited in bud stage (flowering stage) to prevent poisoning and loss of product use value.
Harvest processing: 1. Generally, flowers are picked in the second year after planting, and the picking time is about 15 days. Timely picking is the key to improve the yield and quality of honeysuckle, which is usually picked in June-July. It must be picked at the end of June in the harvest period. Picking too early will lead to poor quality and low yield, and not flowering too late will also cause losses. When picking, pick from the pedicel to avoid the branches and leaves falling off as much as possible. 2 processing. Honeysuckle should be treated in time after picking to prevent rot and discoloration. Treatment method: sun drying or sun drying. (Sulfur fumigation is not recommended)
After sun drying or sun drying, impurities in branches and leaves should be removed. The product is dry, golden in color, with many buds and fragrant smell, and can be sold on the market.
Classification of Flos Lonicerae
1, Damaohua (rattan)
? Big hairy flower? The name sounds corny and not so attractive. But this is the oldest variety of honeysuckle, and everyone knows it? The hometown of honeysuckle? Pingyi county, Shandong province is the place where honeysuckle is planted the most? Big hairy flower? . Someone will ask? Big hairy flower? Since it is in Pingyi county, why are there few companies mentioning this variety? Because the seedling price of this variety is low, don't think how good the honeysuckle you bought is. What you may not know is that the yield of big hairy flowers is better, but big hairy flowers are suitable for mountains and thin land.
2. Tree-shaped four-season flower tree-shaped honeysuckle four-season honeysuckle (woody)
? Tree-shaped four seasons flower? Maybe you have heard more. Tree honeysuckle? Really? Big hairy flower? Improved varieties, but not cultivated by * * * company, but obtained through years of planting experience of ordinary people? Big hairy flower? Breeding! So it's really worth creating? Tree-shaped four seasons flower? Only ordinary people deal with honeysuckle every day. In recent years, tree-shaped honeysuckle seedlings have developed very well, especially in Shandong, Henan, Hebei and other places, and the drying technology of honeysuckle is mature, which greatly improves the popularity of tree-shaped honeysuckle.
3, lazy honeysuckle (woody)
? Lazy honeysuckle? I can only list all the non-flowering honeysuckle of this variety for the time being. This kind of honeysuckle is actually obtained by grafting. I can't prove which artist grafted it first! But one thing is certain, this honeysuckle did not appear in Pingyi at first! Initially? Lazy flowers what's up Tree honeysuckle? What about the south? Silver flowers? Grafted. Grafting now, of course? Tree honeysuckle? Do what? Ben. And the party consolidation is? Lazy flowers Yes
4. Red honeysuckle
? Red honeysuckle? what's up Tree-shaped four seasons flower? As the name implies, the mutant of honeysuckle has red flowers.