Tip release time
In Guilin, bamboo shoots are usually put around beginning of autumn, but they should be put in time according to the age, growth, variety, garden site and fruit setting. The fruit trees with weak trees and too many hanging fruits should be released in advance; Trees grow vigorously and bear few fruits, so fruit trees planted in paddy fields have to put off bamboo shoots. On the contrary, if the trees are younger and have fewer fruits, the autumn shoots can be released later. Types of autumn shoot fertilizer
Root fertilization
In order to release strong and mature autumn shoots, scientific fertilization is an essential measure. It is best to apply quick-acting fertilizer once in the germination period of autumn bamboo shoots in order to ensure the fertilizer before bamboo shoots and turn it into green fertilizer. The fertilizer before bamboo shoots is mainly organic fertilizer, which should be applied about 20 days before bamboo shoots are released, combined with appropriate amount of compound fertilizer with high nitrogen and high potassium and appropriate amount of bran fertilizer, so as to lay a foundation for cultivating nutritious, robust and mature autumn bamboo shoots. This furrowing fertilization mainly focuses on cultivating the root system and inducing the root system to grow downward by using the fertility of the root system. When the autumn shoots turn green, the compound fertilizer with high phosphorus and high potassium is mainly used, and the fertilization amount is determined according to the tree potential and fruit hanging amount of bran cake fertilizer. Generally, the dosage of compound fertilizer for fruit trees with 50 kg fruit is about half a catty, the dosage of organic fertilizer is about 4-5 kg, the dosage of bran fertilizer is about 2-3 kg, and the dosage of compound fertilizer with high phosphorus and high potassium for the second time is about 3 kg (if fertilizer is applied once in the tender shoot stage, it can be added to the quick-acting fertilizer in the front tip fertilizer. It is best to apply it together with calcium-containing fertilizer to promote new roots and reduce fruit cracking and floating. If water and fertilizer are sprayed on the ground at the same time, the effect will be better. Water and fertilizer are mainly composed of microbial agents (such as Genbiduo) and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizers, which are applied continuously for 2-3 times.
foliage dressing
In the tender shoot stage, combined with pest control, imported foliar nitrogen fertilizer and foliar micro-fertilizer or zinc-containing preparation are added to promote the germination of autumn shoots and accumulate sufficient nutrition.
At the mature stage of autumn shoots, the use of imported phosphorus and potassium foliar fertilizer promotes the maturity of autumn shoots, which is beneficial to the differentiation of flower buds and ensures the quality of fruits and the growth of autumn shoots.
After the autumn shoots are ripe, the imported phosphorus and potassium foliar fertilizer and paclobutrazol are applied twice in succession every 15-20 days to promote nutrient accumulation.
Selection of autumn shoot fertilizer
According to the investigation, the pH value of soil in most orchards is seriously acidic, and the common soil improvement measures include spreading lime on the ground, planting green manure, applying organic fertilizer and applying soil improvers. When fertilizing autumn shoots, put an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer. Therefore, when choosing organic fertilizer, we should choose high-quality organic fertilizer which can improve soil, activate soil microbial environment and adjust soil pH value, so as to be beneficial to root health and better absorb and transform nutrients in soil.
Little knowledge: the causes and solutions of soil hardening
cause
1. After excessive nitrogen fertilizer is applied to the soil, the growth rate of microorganisms is accelerated, and the more soil organic matter is consumed, the organic matter content in the soil will eventually decrease, which will affect the formation of soil aggregate structure and lead to soil hardening.
2. When excessive phosphate fertilizer is applied to the soil, the phosphate radical in the phosphate fertilizer forms precipitation with cations such as calcium and magnesium in the soil, which leads to soil hardening.
3. When excessive potassium fertilizer is applied to the soil, the potassium ions in the potassium fertilizer destroy the aggregate structure and lead to soil hardening.
solution
Soil aggregate structure is an important index of soil fertility. The destruction of soil aggregate structure reduces the ability and permeability of soil to retain water and fertilizer, which leads to soil hardening.
Organic matter content is an important index of soil fertility and aggregate structure. The decrease of organic matter leads to soil hardening. Soil organic matter is an important part of soil aggregate structure. The decomposition of soil organic matter is realized through the activities of microorganisms. The low content of organic matter affects the activities of microorganisms, thus affecting the formation of soil aggregate structure and leading to soil hardening.
Trim microbial fertilizer is applied to the soil, and the secretion of microorganisms can dissolve phosphate in the soil, release phosphorus, release potassium and trace element cations at the same time, restore the aggregate structure and eliminate soil hardening.