In ancient times, suturing wounds was considered as pediatrics. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Hua Tuo gave Guan Yu curettage to cure poison. According to the literature, there was enterostomy in ancient times. . Moreover, the hemp boiling powder invented by Hua Tuo is also the earliest anesthetic in the world. After the patient swallows the hemp boiling powder with wine, his body will lose consciousness, and then can the doctor? Broken belly, cut product? That is, cut the patient's abdomen and take out the lump inside. Cheng's carbuncle and swelling syndrome record:? At the beginning of the wound, it is vertical and horizontal, and the chicken tongue is off the corner. If you don't want to cross, you can sew it up. If you are yin and yang, you go up and down, and you take your time. ?

According to records, in prehistoric times, people in many areas only applied long leaves picked from herbs to wounds as bandages. In this respect, Shennong in China can be regarded as a leader. Having tasted all kinds of herbs, he found one with good hemostatic effect. The only regret is that this part is not recorded in writing. After the agricultural society, the four ancient civilizations made great progress in medicine almost at the same time.

Later, many surgical tools were unearthed at the archaeological site to prove it. The ancients often used Shi Hui powder and gold wound medicine to stop bleeding, and then wrapped the wound with cloth to cope with the bleeding, which was cruel. It is necessary to scorch the blood vessels with fire to stop bleeding. In ancient times, due to the lack of advanced medical knowledge and technology, before the invention of Mafeisan, patients had to endure severe pain most of the time to recover. In order to prevent infection, the ancients also used fire and oil to clean the wound. After thousands of years of life-and-death confrontation, medical technology has advanced by leaps and bounds and is used in emergencies. Army ants? For wound suture, the medical function of army ants has been mentioned in the medical literature of BC 1000. The invention of Huatuo Mafeisan was a great historical progress in ancient surgery, and later Mafeisan was widely used in medicine.

It was not until A.D. 1 century that Celsus, a Roman medical writer, recorded the complete method of treating trauma for the first time in his encyclopedia. He pointed out the time needed for wound healing, and put forward the method of pressing to stop bleeding, and the method of keeping pressing or ligating blood vessels to stop bleeding. His experience in treating wounds is very close to that of our modern medicine. Be sure to clean the inside of the wound to avoid leaving blood clots inside, otherwise it will cause suppuration and inflammation. The edge of the wound should be sutured or clamped with tools such as clips. ? Finally, he summarized four symptoms of superficial inflammation: redness, swelling, heat and pain, which are still what medical students should remember today.