Seed collection and storage of Lycium barbarum L.: The ripening period of Lycium barbarum L. in Qinghai is August-September, when the fruit turns deep purple, it can be picked when the granules are full. If you don't pick it in time, the fruit won't fall off on its own, but will naturally dry in the branches. Berries should be dried in time after picking and stored in a cool place. Fruits after September are not suitable for seed collection because of insufficient growth period and short seeds. When picking seeds, put the berries in clean water, soak them, break them with a beater, clean the pulp adhered to the seeds, remove impurities, filter out the seeds, dry them in the air, select the best ones, and then store them in breathable textile bags. The seeds of Lycium barbarum are very small, weighing about 0.9 grams, and there are about 165438+ million seeds per kilogram. It is best to sow in the same year, the germination rate of seeds in that year is between 80-95%, and the germination rate of seeds over two years is obviously reduced, so pay attention to it when planting.
Seedling raising in Lycium barbarum base
The breeding of Lycium barbarum can be carried out in spring and autumn, and the breeding ground should be selected in sandy loam with flat terrain, good drainage, good irrigation conditions, convenient transportation and deep soil layer. According to the standard of 2000 yuan per mu, remove the sundries and grass roots in the nursery? Apply decomposed farmyard manure, sheep manure is the best, and apply 20-30 kg compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Dig deep and rake the ground in time after fertilization. The seedbed is a low bed with a bed width of 1.2? M, bed height 15cm, leaving 40 between two beds. Cm wide walking management working channel. Before sowing, the seedbed is irrigated, and after irrigation, it is 2 ~ 3? The sky can sow. Disinfect the seeds with potassium permanganate solution before sowing, then spread the seeds evenly on the bed at the dosage of 0,8-10.5 kg per mu, and cover them with fine sand of 1- 1 0.5 cm. Spray clean water on the sand surface every two days or so until the seedlings appear. In addition, drilling and hole sowing can also be used. You can also use containers to grow seedlings in the greenhouse, and when the seedlings are about 20 cm high, they can be moved out of the greenhouse and planted in the ground.
Cuttings of Lycium barbarum can also be carried out before germination in spring and autumn. Select 1 year-old tendril branches or stout branches with full buds on excellent single plants, cut into cuttings with the length of 18-20 cm, insert the cuttings obliquely into the whole border, and compact firmly. Pay attention to frequent watering to keep the soil moist, and the general survival rate is about 85%.
Seedling raising techniques of Lycium barbarum in greenhouse
In addition, the root system of Lycium barbarum fruit is developed and the root system has strong shading ability. By cutting off the taproot, many new seedlings can be shaded around the taproot and cultivated after tillering.
Planting density of Lycium barbarum: After our research, it is recommended that the reasonable planting density of Lycium barbarum is 440-700 plants per mu. It can be cultivated reasonably according to the row spacing of 1.5 (or 1.2) meters and the plant spacing of 1 (or 0.8) meters, which will not affect the growth and fruit picking of Lycium barbarum and will not waste land resources.
Field management of Lycium barbarum: combine weeding all year round, loosen the soil in time and water it appropriately according to the land situation. Full base fertilizer is applied in March every year, and scientific topdressing is carried out at the end of June and August. Nitrogen fertilizer was mainly applied in the early stage, and phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer were applied in the later stage.
Pruning, shaping and pruning of Lycium barbarum seedlings;
Black Lycium barbarum bears fruit in three years, and enters the full fruit stage in five years, and must be finalized three years before planting. In the year of planting, all branches are cut short at a height of about 30-40 cm, leaving 4-5 well-developed main branches as the first layer, and then leaving a layer every 30-40 cm, leaving 3-5 main branches on each layer. Finally, the whole tree was trimmed into an umbrella with three or four layers. On this basis, trim and shape appropriately every year. After such pruning and shaping, each Lycium barbarum can have dozens of fruiting backbone branches, which can relatively maintain the yield. Pruning is very important to improve yield and cultivate large fruit Lycium barbarum.
Harvesting and processing of Lycium barbarum: Harvesting of Lycium barbarum should be between awn seed and autumnal equinox. Pick ripe fruits in time and dry them in the shade or in the sun. Should not be exposed to the sun, so as to avoid excessive drying, be careful not to rub with your hands, so as not to affect the quality. When it is rainy in summer, it can be dried with warm fire.