Grapes are good trellis plants in the garden. Courtyards, parks, nursing homes and residential areas can all be planted, but it is best to choose varieties with extensive cultivation and management.
Can also be potted, hanging fruit is very beautiful.
Grape is a deciduous vine.
The main vine can reach 30 meters.
The stem skin is reddish brown and peels off when it gets old.
Branchlets smooth, or pilose when young.
Tendrils intermittently oppose leaves.
Leaves alternate, suborbicular, 3-5 palmately lobed, heart-shaped at the base and coarsely toothed at the edge.
Panicle is large and long, with small flowers, yellow-green and flowering in May.
Berries are oval or spherical, hanging in strings, green, purple and yellow. The fruit ripens from August to September.
There are many varieties of grapes, and the requirements and adaptability to environmental conditions vary from variety to variety.
But on the whole, people like the continental climate of light, dry and hot in summer.
Cold-resistant, it needs a certain low temperature in winter.
The requirements for soil are not strict, and sandy or gravel loam with deep soil layer, good drainage and moderate humidity grows best.
Drought tolerance, fear of waterlogging, such as excessive rainfall, humid air, then poor growth.
Deep roots, fast growth and long life.
Grapes come in two shapes: lattice and hedge.
Scaffolding shaping, using multi-main vine fan-shaped pruning or multi-long stem pruning; Hedge frame shaping, using multi-main vine fan-shaped pruning without trunk, such as double-arm single-layer and double-layer horizontal pruning.
Different pruning methods should be adopted according to the cultivation purpose, plastic methods, variety characteristics and plant growth potential.
Vertical greening and pruning should focus on the distribution of miscellaneous branches (vines) and branches, and combine thinning with cutting.
Grapes are bleeding, so maintenance and pruning should be carried out 20 days before bleeding, not when the juice begins to flow in spring, so as to avoid bleeding and loss of a large number of nutrients, leading to plant weakness, delayed germination or death.
Grape branches have large pith, so pay attention to the incision away from buds when cutting them short.
Attention should be paid to keeping mixed buds as much as possible and pruning the fruiting mother branches appropriately in fruit viewing cultivation.
There are generally four kinds of pruning methods: long tip pruning, retaining more than 9 knots; Trim the middle tip for 5 ~ 8 knots; Trim the short tip and keep it for 2 ~ 4 knots; Very short tip pruning, leaving only 1 node.
Varieties with strong growth potential are suitable for pruning medium and long branches; Moderate growth potential, suitable for pruning short and medium branches; Weak growth potential, suitable for pruning short branches or very short branches.
The flower buds of stout branches have good differentiation and high germination rate, and can stay for a long time; Weak branches should be kept short.
Results A certain distance should be kept between the mother branches, so that the branches and vines can be evenly distributed and the ventilation and light transmission can be ensured.
In addition, in the growing season, when the buds spread to the leaves, they should be fixed and smeared in time, and the strong buds of 1 should be kept at each node, and other weak buds should be wiped off, so that the ventilation and light transmission are good and the trees grow healthily. When the new branches grow 3 ~ 4 leaves, prune some poorly growing branchlets; In order to prevent the branches from lengthening and consuming nutrition, 5 ~ 6 leaves are left before the ear for coring.
For the old and weak main vines, the branches sprouting from the lower branches or perennial vines can be used to retract and update the upper parts, or the tillers sprouting from the ground at the base can be cultivated first, and then the old vines can be pulled out.