The builder is the technical organization and management personnel at the grass-roots level, and has a lot of work to do. Here are some jingles about the builder, hoping to help you!
A, subgrade construction
1. Compaction test of subgrade filler. Choose good materials for embankment filling, and make tests before filling; The samples shall be representative and the testing frequency shall not be less than.
2, subgrade drainage subgrade construction, drainage should be first; Put an end to flooding and ensure quality.
3. Before subgrade filling, the compacted embankment construction shall be released, and the topsoil shall be removed to the sideline; Hole filling, leveling, compaction, embankment stability, not sinking.
4, subgrade filler selection subgrade filler should be selected, and stable soil should be carefully found; Soil is not suitable for improvement, and strength and particle size are more important.
5. Embankment filling steps overlap each other, new and old interfaces should be connected, and steps should be dug on the slope; Filling layer by layer, overlapping construction layers.
6. Layered thickness of embankment filling embankment filling should be carried out in layers, and the thickness of filling layer is moderate; Thirty centimeters as a reference, and then adjust the process test.
7. Filling width of embankment The width of embankment should meet the requirement of ensuring edge compaction; There are many diseases caused by the lack of filling and the width of the side, so the survey and lofting should be careful.
8. Embankments filled with different soils are different, and the layers are divided according to the soil quality; On the basis of strength and water permeability, the subgrade is stable and diseases are prevented.
9. Backfill the abutment back with selected materials, and fully compact the thin layer to; Backfill range should not be less, and the back of abutment will not trip.
10, the choice of compaction machinery, compaction machinery, commonly used static pressure machinery; Sand vibration compaction efficiency is high, and sheep feet are good at rolling clay.
1 1, when the compaction water content is the best, the mechanical compaction workload is less; Turning over the sun, sprinkling water to adjust the water content, and mixing ash when it is too wet are all good methods.
12, fill embankment compaction is light before heavy, stable before vibration; From high to low, wheel tracks overlap.
13, embankment compaction, rock filling inspection, filling compaction is not up to standard; Area 909395, compaction ensures stability.
14, compaction test of soil embankment Compaction of embankment is very important and compaction test is indispensable; Double indexes of deflection measurement and compaction deflection of soil subgrade.
15. Self-weight shall be considered in the compaction of high fill embankment and high fill to test the foundation bearing capacity; According to the regulations, walking with a rammer is an expedient measure.
16, rock-filled embankment filling material requirements, in line with the strength and particle size; Fill the upper part of the road bed and test the bearing capacity with soft stone.
17, the layered thickness of the rockfill embankment and the layered rockfill shall be horizontal and the thickness shall be stable; Mechanical paving should be assisted by manpower, and manual paving should be smooth.
18, rock-filled embankment is compacted and stabilized, and heavy machinery operation is carried out; Lightweight machinery is thinned, and measured settlement pressure is tested.
19, layered thickness of earth-rock embankment and stone particle size, horizontal division of earth-rock filling layer, thickness of 40cm；; The thickness is suitable for limiting the particle size, and the hard and soft stone particles are different.
20. The compaction of earth-rock embankment is different, depending on the quantity and particle size of stone; Many pieces belong to rock filling, and few pieces belong to earth filling.
2 1, drainage shall be done first in the subgrade construction section of paddy field section and construction shall be done early in the soft foundation section; Preparing soil, mixing ash, controlling boiling and filling thin and pressing quickly are the key points.
22, expansive soil subgrade construction preparation soil mixed with ash for sand, mixing evenly is very important; Mechanical stirring is a bit excessive, and thin filling and quick pressing are the key.
23, cement powder jet grouting pile construction should first do ratio test, pile test work can not be less; It is also important to check the elevation ash frequently and re-mix the pile top.
24, fly ash embankment paving compaction control strictly layered paving control, paving pressure real-time compaction; Adjust the optimum moisture content and control the rolling sequence; It is forbidden to turn around and brake, and the maintenance and drainage are endless.
25, rock blasting slope stability is the most important, small guns should be used in the design; Two rows of holes near the inclined plane are more reliable to reduce looseness.
26. The blasting design of deep excavation of rock cutting on one side slope should be combined with the actual situation, giving priority to slope protection; Accelerate the progress of mechanized construction and comprehensively arrange the form of blastholes.
Second, the base and subbase construction
27, stable soil mixture composition design composition design purpose is clear, optimize the test mixture ratio; All the data have a basis and guarantee the guidance of construction.
28, stabilized soil mixture test should be carried out in a timely manner, found that the problem timely replacement; Have the basis of applying standards and strictly control the quality.
29, stabilized soil mixture specimen maintenance should master the specimen maintenance, familiar with the method of strict operation; According to the true and accurate data, guide the construction quality.
30, stable soil construction, serious stable soil construction, strict requirements to follow the specification; The ingredients must be stirred evenly, and the right amount of water should be compacted and stabilized.
3 1, the survey setting-out of stable soil layer construction is essential, and the standard sample depends on it; Need to retest and verify to ensure that the accuracy is not wrong.
32. Detect the lower bearing layer of stabilized soil. The lower bearing layer shall meet the appearance requirements. Internal quality should be tested, and construction can only be started after all products are qualified.
33, stable soil wet mixing sprinkler water consumption should be controlled slowly, should not be more, less; Don't be too dry when the water volume is slightly larger, it will be more uniform and easy to compact.
34, stable soil road mixing method at the beginning of mixing in the end, to prevent the rubber from sinking; Remove the interlayer and stir evenly, and then stir deeply for one centimeter.
35. Concentrated mixing of stabilized soil improves mechanical properties; Aggregate requirements should be strict, and the mixing quality can be guaranteed.
36. The stabilized soil transportation road is flat and without potholes, and the transportation must be smooth; Shortening time, arriving early and timely delivery are the most important.
37. Stabilized soil shall be paved with grader, the mixture shall be paved evenly, and the coarse and fine particles shall not be nested; Looking for new materials to fill the potholes, leveling measures can be controlled.
38, road mixing construction plastic compaction is the forerunner, plastic technology is indispensable; Skillfully operate according to regulations to ensure mechanical support.
39. The rolling process should be kept in mind, and the mechanical supporting compaction is good; Strict control of quality standards, compactness and smoothness are the most important.
40. Treatment of vertical and horizontal summer-planting in road mixing construction. The vertical and horizontal summer-planting treatment is proper, and the height difference becomes smooth; Mixing, rolling and winding are tight, leaving no future trouble for a long time.
4 1. Proper maintenance of stabilized soil is essential, and the effect of covering normal temperature is good; Strength growth is not damaged, and seven days old should be guaranteed.
Third, the asphalt concrete pavement construction
42, used for asphalt pavement. The main indicators for the quality requirements of coarse and fine aggregates should be kept in mind. The visual density is greater than 2.5, the crushing is less than 128, the wear is less than 130, the upper limit of flatness is 150, the polishing must pass 42, and the sand equivalent of fine aggregate is 60%.
43, asphalt pavement prime coat and adhesive prime coat oil thin should seep open, slightly dry at the grass-roots level, no flowing surface film, to achieve good index quality; The adhesive layer is connected with the lower layer, and the film should be impermeable. It is most important to grasp the dosage between the upper and lower floors.
44, asphalt mixture ratio design Mix design is divided into three stages, target production and verification, appropriate oil gradation, mixing the first level.
45, hot plate asphalt mixture Marshall specimen compaction molding specimen size strictly grasp, hammer height should be accurate; Verify the quantity of materials and the compaction temperature meets the requirements.
46, Marshall specimen standard curing temperature control, time control is not overrun; Rapid testing and accurate operation are the keys to guide construction.
47, hot mix asphalt mixture mixing equipment and mixing equipment should be advanced, functional and coordinated; The stirring time is well controlled and the temperature is suitable for uniform stirring.
48, mixing asphalt mixture appearance quality heating temperature strictly controlled, preparation measurement should be accurate; Mix evenly without ash, and the color is bright without segregation.
49. Paving hot mix asphalt mixture surface is the requirement for the lower bearing layer. The road width specification stipulates that the lower layer is flat and not loose, and it can only be paved if it is qualified. This is the key to quality.
50, paving speed paving speed should be slow, uniform continuous paving, paving speed is consistent with the mixing amount, paving road surface level off.
5 1, the initial pressure of hot-mixed asphalt mixture is closely followed by the paver, and the control principle is not to crack or move, and the front end is statically pressed step by step to eliminate the diagonal pressure and ensure the flatness; After the complex pressure follows the initial pressure, the tire vibrates synchronously, control the compression speed and times, and check the flatness with a ruler; The final pressure is static pressure with high temperature limit and good quality. Two times static pressure eliminates wheel tracks, ranking first evenly and closely.
52. It is stipulated that rolling should not brake when it starts slowly, and it is not advisable to turn around halfway; Stop vibrating and start vibrating again on the return trip to avoid passages and cracks.
53. The longitudinal and transverse joints on the surface of hot mix asphalt mixture should be staggered, and rolled after the longitudinal hot joint. The hot material pressure of cold joint should be 15cm, and the transverse joint should be rolled horizontally, and then rolled vertically after the wheel width is completed, and the seamless trace should be measured while pressing.
54, modified asphalt mixture construction control modified asphalt mixture, prevent segregation is very important, pay attention to temperature control and rolling, pavement construction quality is good.
55. SMA asphalt mastic mixture shall be selected according to the specified design steps, and the technical parameters shall reach the index; The asphalt is missed and readjusted if it does not meet the requirements; Whether peeling resistance is needed can only be known after water stability test.
56, SMA construction control points should pay attention to material gradation, mix design control, equipment improvement to improve efficiency, temperature control is very important; Paving and rolling according to regulations can improve the quality of pavement.
Four, cement concrete pavement construction
57. The requirements of cement concrete pavement for cement characteristics should be distinguished, and they should be distinguished along the road when choosing. The temperature of bulk cement should be controlled to ensure the quality.
58. The requirement of cement pavement for coarse aggregate is firm and wear-resistant. It is particularly important to meet the score. Slipform construction is strict, and the material selection standard should be remembered.
59, cement pavement requires fine aggregate filling dense fine aggregate, should keep in mind the technical requirements, the material selection test is good, and the feeding inspection can not be less.
60, cement pavement concrete mix design mix design three steps, experience, calculation, preliminary mix, trial mix, adjustment and test, determine the construction mix.
6 1, the mix design of steel fiber reinforced concrete has two indexes, both compression and tension are indispensable; Reasonable determination of sand content and trial mix ratio; Try to mix the fresh mixture and adjust the application ratio.
62. The mixing and paving ability of concrete mixture is large, and the medium output is second and third; The ingredients must be measured accurately and mixed evenly in sequence; Admixtures should be added to the solution, and the solution should be uniform without precipitation; Three points should be paid attention to in steel fiber coagulation to prevent agglomeration. One is to pay attention to sequential feeding, and the other is to delay mixing.
63, cement concrete mixture transport vehicle selection has a regulation, material selection vehicle to perform; Anti-segregation during loading and unloading, waterproof and anti-evaporation; When reversing and unloading, you should obey the instructions, and never hit the line or die.
64. When paving, tamping and surface repairing the mixture with a three-roller shaft machine, control the uniform loose height of the cloth, and control the vibrating speed and good compaction; The insertion position of the pull rod is accurate, and the 20-30m section is flat; After finishing, the mortar shall be 4 mm, and the mortar shall be collected, leveled and sealed.
65, steel fiber reinforced concrete pavement paving technology requirements steel fiber evenly distributed, loose laying thickness plus two centimeters; Without inserting surface vibration, compact construction will not be overtime; The anti-skid structure is hard cut, and the panel seam cutting follows the routine.
66, cement concrete pavement health care is very important, don't ignore, remember to grasp the key, thin film spraying health care, control time is the most important, maintenance quality in spraying, careful operation and high quality.
67, summer cement concrete pavement construction to ensure the workability of concrete, sampling frequency is essential, temperature difference control is the key, heat preservation and crack prevention quality is high.
68. Make rain-proof facilities for cement concrete pavement construction in rainy season in advance, and unify the spirit of command and dispatch; Design requirements cannot be changed, and hidden dangers should be adjusted in time.
69, cement concrete pavement construction shrinkage cracks are easy to evaporate in spring and autumn, symptomatic control is the key; Spray liquid to prevent evaporation, and stop working when the wind speed exceeds the threshold.
70, roller compacted concrete technology construction process 12, road must be strictly implemented, machinery is essential, the construction quality can be guaranteed.
7 1, the preparation of concrete surface paving is very detailed, the continuous paving speed is even, the pull rod is set for synchronous positioning, and the corner is supplied with ultra-high materials.
72. The compaction process of roller compacted concrete pavement molding is divided into several sections, with 30-40 meters as a section; The initial pressure is static pressure, wheel pressure is superimposed, and the second pressure is repeated; Variable pressure vibration for two to six times to reach the required final pressure; Eliminate microcracks and wheel tracks, and stop pressing after inspection.
73, roller compacted concrete surface anti-sliding structure construction anti-sliding production spray slow setting, surface covering and other slow setting, and then water wet surface, in addition to pulp cleaning brush structure.
74, roller compacted concrete surface joint construction longitudinal joint construction all cut off, transverse joint construction forms are diverse, according to the requirements of earnestly, joint quality can be guaranteed.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Bridge and culvert construction
75. The storage and inspection of on-site steel bars are easy to identify, and rust prevention is the key. Each batch shall be inspected once, and the performance shall be checked randomly, and the mixture shall be cleaned in time.
76, steel blanking processing specifications, length, quantity need to check, straightening, cleaning, rust removal is necessary; There are principles in ingredient management, batch processing should be bent and operation methods should be correct.
77, steel welding flash welding to save materials, grasp the key points of operation, preparation is the most important, arc welding method is the simplest, should choose covered electrode type.
78, steel binding and skeleton assembly construction taps in accordance with the provisions, carefully check the most important, skeleton assembly to be stable, solder joint order to remember.
79. The protective layer thickness of reinforcement must have a protective layer, and there are differences in various structures. In order to ensure the durability of the structure, the thickness of the protective layer must be sufficient.
80, template production materials should be chosen, smooth is the most important, the size should be accurate, good joint tightly.
8 1, template installation template installation should be firm, vertical and horizontal stability is the most important, support template two separation, elevation size control.
82. The positioning of the mandrel in the hollow member It is most important to regularly check the capsule mandrel to prevent pollution, control positioning and prevent floating, and arrange balanced pouring.
83. Dismantle the formwork. Dismantle the formwork carefully, and take strength control as the principle. Inexperience is not foolhardy, but obeying the rules is the best policy.
84, cast-in-place concrete scaffold preloading soft foundation scaffold, should pay attention to the settlement problem, to ensure safety and quality, loading preloading is the only way.
85, cement concrete mixing ingredients measurement must be accurate, net mixing time is essential, performance testing is essential, plate temperature control is good.
86, cement concrete transportation meet the needs, pouring can't be interrupted, strictly control the secondary mixing, keep the performance unchanged.
87. Cement concrete pouring has many points. The preparatory work should be done well. The pouring thickness should be low first and then high. Vibration compaction has high quality, consistent color and less laitance.
88. It is essential to strengthen the maintenance of cement concrete, which is often used for covering and sprinkling water. It should be guaranteed for seven days, and the maintenance is full and high in strength.
89, cement concrete quality inspection quality inspection should be carefully, numerical method to speak, evaluation method according to the specification, the relevant provisions.
90, pumping cement concrete construction pumping equipment is better, all kinds of parameters should be selected, the pouring process should be carefully observed, and the quality of a molding should be high.
9 1, cement concrete construction in winter should be anti-freezing, related materials should be heated, maintenance methods should be selected, and temperature control is fundamental.
92. The position of prestressed steel pipe is hungry, and the positioning of steel bar is indispensable. The steel beam needs protection after installation, and careful construction is the key.
93, prestressed tensioning operation should be prepared, the axis is consistent, take double control, stable anchorage, fill in the record, to prevent accidents.
94, prestressed channel grouting material should be qualified, channel cleaning is essential, the indicators to test, grouting is the most important.
95. The underwater pouring of underwater concrete should be smooth and the preparation work should be sufficient. The first batch of pouring is the key, and other requirements should not be forgotten.
96. How to prevent the floating skeleton of reinforcing cage from floating can be prevented. The pouring performance is better, the reinforcement speed is slower, and the reinforcement extension is the most effective.
97, abutment back backfill construction should pay attention to the abutment back backfill, backfill materials should be selected step by step, meet the requirements, less knock-on phenomenon after construction.
98, to prevent the cast-in-place beam cracks caused by uneven settlement to avoid, retarding effect is the most obvious, stent preloading is its way, pouring order should not be forgotten.
99. The unloading and dismantling of beams reflect the symmetry, uniformity and order of the pouring support. Cross first and then make no mistakes. Unloading in stages is the key, and from the middle to the edge is the principle.
100, bridge deck pavement construction elevation measurement is essential, to ensure the design thickness. All indexes are strictly controlled, and the surface smoothness is the most important.
10 1, bearing installation specifications and quality should be qualified, the center position should be accurate, the contact surface should be seamless, and the vertical and horizontal directions should be horizontal.
102, the stone required for mortar masonry works meets the requirements, and the masonry mortar should be full.
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