Swallow palm is also known as Yushu. Its branches and leaves contain a large number of Euphorbia, and people touching the juice of the branches and leaves will cause redness, swelling, pain and blistering of the skin, which may lead to blindness if it is accidentally splashed in the eyes. It is radiation-proof, non-toxic and evergreen. Can't put it indoors. There is another saying: non-toxic. Yushu is also called the tree of peace. The tree of peace is a bright green and auspicious orchid cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia, the tree of peace). In recent years, there is a kind of foliage plant called "safety tree" in the flower market, which has begun to enter the family. Now that Christmas is coming, the Christmas tree will be loved by flower lovers. First of all, the name goes back to the source. This foliage plant called "Peace Tree" is a small evergreen tree of Cinnamomum cassia in Lauraceae. Its real name is Lan Yu Cinnamomum cassia, and its scientific name is kotoense Kanehiraet Sasaki. The specific name is "Hongtou Island", which is Lan Yu Island in Taiwan Province Province, China. Originally, it was mainly produced in Lan Yu Island, and its aliases are Cinnamomum cassia from Hongtoushan, Cinnamomum cassia from Fanglanshan, Cinnamomum cassia from Daye and Cinnamomum cassia from Taiwan Province. Secondly, the morphological characteristics of Cinnamomum cassia in Lan Yu are small evergreen trees with dignified tree shape and yellowish brown bark. The plant height can reach 10 m to 15 m, and the twigs are yellow-green, smooth and fluffy. Leaf blade opposite or subopposite, ovate or ovoid-oblong, with pointed apex and thick leathery. The leaves are huge, with a length of 10 cm to 22 cm and a width of 5 cm to 8 cm. The surface is bright green with metallic luster, the back is grayish green, and there are three veins from the base, which are concave on the top and convex on the bottom. The lateral veins extend about 65438±0cm from the leaf base, and sometimes there is a small vein on each side near the leaf edge. The veins on both sides are obvious, which are shallow honeycomb. Petiole is about 1.5 cm long, reddish brown to brown. The fruit is ovoid, about 65438 0.4 cm long and 65438 0 cm in diameter. Receptacle cup-shaped, margin crenate, glabrous. Pedicel is about 65438 0 cm long and glabrous. It is both a beautiful potted foliage plant and a very beautiful garden tree. Third, ecological habits Lan Yugui likes warm and humid, sunny environment, light and shade, warm and hot places without frost and snow, foggy and high temperature, and is not tolerant of drought, stagnant water and cold and dry air. It is advisable to use loose and fertile acidic sandy soil with good drainage and rich organic matter for farming. Its native environment is rich in Phalaenopsis, so it is appropriate to create a warm and humid environment for it under artificial cultivation conditions. The fruiting period is August-September. Fourthly, the propagation technology of Cinnamomum cassia in Lan Yu adopts seeding method to raise seedlings. In southern China, ripe purple-black fruits can be sown in September-June, 65438+1October. After washing the peel and pulp, the seeds can float in a cool place to dry. If you can't sow immediately because of bad weather or the nursery is not ready, you should store the seeds in wet sand and keep them in a cool place, and pay attention to prevent the seeds from becoming moldy. After the seeds are exposed, they can be planted in the ground or bagged. Before sowing, the ungerminated seeds in the sand can be soaked in 0.3% formalin solution for 30 minutes, then the excess liquid medicine is poured out, sealed for 2 hours, washed with clear water to remove the liquid medicine attached to the seed epidermis, and then soaked in clear water for 24 hours, which can improve the germination rate. If the seeds are not disinfected, they can be directly soaked in warm water at about 40℃, which can also improve the germination rate. Usually, ditching is the main method, the row spacing is 20 cm to 25 cm, the spacing between plants is 5 cm to 7 cm, and the covering thickness is 1.5 cm to 2 cm, which can germinate in 20 to 30 days. Keep the seedbed moist. After the seeds are unearthed in 1/3, remove the grass for two or three times, and then set up a shed for shade. When the seedlings grow 3 ~ 4 true leaves, liquid fertilizer can be applied once a month, and it should be stopped after autumn, so as to do a good job of cold protection and overwinter at a greenhouse temperature of not less than 5℃. Because of its few fibrous roots, it should be transplanted as soon as possible, or germinated in sand bed, planted in bags, and produced commercial seedlings in bags or bags in southern China, with better results. In addition, flower lovers can also try layering seedling. V. Management point 1. Temperature The optimum temperature for its growth is 20℃ to 30℃. Small trees are intolerant of low temperature. If exposed to frost for more than 5 days, plants maintained or cultivated in the wild can easily lead to bark cracking, branches and leaves withering, and even the whole plant freezing. Whether a small number of plants are potted at home or cultivated in a large area, the greenhouse temperature should be kept not lower than 5℃ in winter to keep their leaves green all the time. Larger plants can endure the low temperature of about 0℃ for a short time, and there is no cold wind blowing in the shed. Potted plants in the Yangtze River basin should be moved into the shed before the first frost comes, and then go out after Qingming the next year. Attention should be paid to the possible cold damage caused by late frost or late spring cold. In midsummer, when the temperature exceeds 32℃, it is necessary to build a shed for shade and spray water on the leaves to humidify and cool them and maintain their vigorous growth potential. 2. Illumination Cinnamomum cassia requires better illumination, but it is more resistant to shade. Its demand for light changes with age. Young trees are shade-tolerant, 3-5-year-old plants grow fast under shade conditions, and 6- 10-year-old plants need sufficient light. Potted plants can be placed in the shade or under the awning with 40% to 50% shade in summer, and their growth is ideal. If the light is too strong, it is easy to cause the leaves to turn yellow and lose their ornamental value, especially for potted plants that have been placed indoors for a long time. They must be careful when they are moved outdoors for restorative maintenance in summer. They should be kept in a 40% to 50% shading environment first, and they must not be rushed, otherwise it will easily cause blade burns. In addition, in the late spring and early summer, in case of sunny weather after a long rain in Chu Qing, we should also do a good job of shading in time, otherwise it will also cause burns to the leaves, and it will be difficult to restore their green and lush spirit in a short time. 3. Humid orchids and cinnamon need a humid environment. Therefore, potted plants should always keep the soil moist, but there should be no water, and the relative humidity of the environment should be kept above 80%. In hot summer or dry autumn air period, including indoor period in winter, we should often spray water on leaves and surrounding environment to create a relatively humid local space and small environment for them and promote their vigorous growth. Water should be controlled after autumn, and more water should be sprayed and less water should be watered in winter. If there is water in the basin soil, it will easily lead to yellowing of plants, and the lower leaves will fall off after yellowing. In severe cases, it will lead to the root rot and death of plants, and special attention should be paid in rainy season. 4. The soil for potted or bagged cinnamon should be fertile acid culture soil or humus soil with loose air permeability, smooth drainage and rich organic matter. Potted soil hardening or pH value higher than 7.5 will also cause yellowing of plant leaves, serious poor growth, decreased germination ability, affecting bud regeneration and even shortening its cultivation life. Therefore, small plants should change pots once a year, big plants can change soil once every two years, and loosen soil once a month during the growing season. Especially after the heavy rain, it is necessary to check the flowerpots in time. When water is found in the pots, it should be dumped as soon as possible and the loose soil should be replaced. For potted plants, it is best to arrange the time to turn over the pots and change the soil every year after leaving the house in spring to before germination. 5. Fertilizer: Cinnamomum cassia plants in Lan Yu are plump, with huge leaves and vigorous growth, which requires a lot of fertilizer. Potted cinnamon in Lan Yu requires fertile soil, and pancake fat water or fat alum water can be applied once a month from mid-spring to early autumn. After autumn, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied twice continuously, such as 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, to increase the cold resistance of plants, promote the early lignification of shoots and overwinter safely. In winter, all forms of topdressing should be stopped, so as not to damage the roots and cause the leaves to yellow or wither, otherwise it is difficult to restore the original appearance of plants. Vi. pest control 1. Disease ① Anthracnose mainly harms seedling stage and leaves. Leaf diseases mostly occur on leaf surface, leaf tip and leaf edge, which are brown and irregular in shape. Later, it often expands or merges into large grayish brown spots with brown wavy edges, and there are many small black spots on the diseased spots, which are umbilical. Conidia spread by wind and rain. When the humidity is high, conidia germinate and invade leaves or seedlings, causing harm. Continuous rain, insufficient sunshine, sticky soil or humidity are easy to get sick when staying in the shed, and it is the most abundant in February-April. Prevention and control methods: if a small number of diseased leaves are found, they should be removed and destroyed in time; Increase the application amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the growing season to improve plant resistance; At the initial stage of the disease, 500 times of 25% carbofuran wettable powder, 700 times of 60% carbofuran wettable powder or 600 times of 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder were sprayed alternately every 18 days to15 days for 3 ~ 4 times continuously. ② From April to May, brown spots appeared on the new leaves of plants, and oval yellow-brown spots began to appear on the leaves, and then expanded continuously. There were many small black spots in the front of the leaves, and the spots were purple at the back, which made the whole leaves yellow and withered, and made the plants shed a lot of leaves. Prevention method: 1% bordeaux solution can be used for prevention; A small number of diseased leaves appear, and they are removed and burned in time; At the initial stage of the disease, 500-fold solution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 65,438+0,000-fold solution of 50% benomyl wettable powder or 65,438+0,000-fold solution of 50% bactericidal aqua regia were sprayed alternately every 65,438+00 days for 3-4 consecutive times. ③ The leaves of brown root disease gradually turn yellow and droop, when it is serious, it turns brown and dry, the stems lose water and shrink, the roots turn brown and rot, and the diseased plants die in a short time. The root of the disease, diseased soil and diseased plants are the primary sources of infection of the disease, which are spread by wind, rain or contact and usually occur alone. Prevention and control methods: seriously ill plants and dead plants should be uprooted and burned, and disinfected with 600 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder; Spraying 50% thiophanate-methyl at the beginning of the disease? 800 times of sulfur suspending agent or 800 times of 50% Genfuling wettable powder. 2. Pests ① Leaf roller mostly occurs in summer and autumn. They roll a few new leaves into a nest, and the larvae lurk in it to feed on the leaves. 800 times of 90% trichlorfon crystals or 40% dimethoate EC with 10 00 times can be sprayed. ② The tender leaves and buds of Cinnamomum cassia. Lan Yu is a kind of aphid, which is vulnerable to aphid bites, resulting in greasy leaves, which in turn induces sooty blotch and affects the growth and display of plants. Control method: after sprinkling plant ash on plants, rinse them with clear water; Spraying neem leaf juice can effectively kill insects; Spraying 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 2000 times. Seven. The origin of the name of the related link "Peace Tree": "Peace Tree" is the nickname of Lan Yu cinnamon. Because its bark can be used as medicine, it has the effects of expelling wind, dispelling cold, relieving pain, removing blood stasis, promoting blood circulation and invigorating stomach, and because its plants are rich in cinnamon oil (mainly cinnamaldehyde), it can also emit the fragrance of correcting odor and purifying air. People in the flower planting and management industry have given it an auspicious name "Peace Tree" to cater to the urban people's consumption psychology of loving green and beauty and hoping for safety, and also to let people relax in the intense work. What kinds of cinnamon are similar to it? How to distinguish? 1. geranium (C. Japonicum) is an evergreen tree, with a height of more than 10 m, cylindrical branchlets, yellowish green, hairless, leathery leaves, alternate or nearly opposite, oval, 7 cm to 10 cm long, 3 cm to 3.5 cm wide, and dark green shiny surface. The flowering period is May, and the fruit ripens in September. Taiwan Province, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Anhui, Hubei and other places, as well as Japan and South Korea. This species is relatively cold-tolerant, can withstand the low temperature of-10℃, and can be used for landscaping. 2. Cinnamomum cassia (C. Cassia), alias Yugui and Tonggui. Tree, the bark is grayish brown, the young branches are slightly quadrangular, densely covered with yellowish brown fluff, the leaves are alternate or nearly opposite, thick leathery, oblong to nearly lanceolate, 8 cm long to 16 cm wide to 4 cm to 5.5 cm, the surface is bright green, the back is sparsely pubescent, the leaf margin is rolled, and there are 3 veins, and the lateral veins are from the base of the leaves to 65438. The flowering period is from May to June, and the fruiting period is 65438+1October-65438+February. Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan, Hainan, Taiwan Province, Hunan and other places. Can withstand the extreme low temperature of about -4℃. 3. Cinnamomum cassia (C. subavenium), also known as Cinnamomum tenuifolium and Cinnamomum cassia. Evergreen fragrant wood, the height can reach 12 m to 20 m, the bark is gray and smooth, the annual branches are slender, densely covered with yellow creeping pubescence, the leaves are leathery, the young branches are nearly opposite, and the old branches alternate, oval to lanceolate, 4 cm to 13 cm long and 0/.5 cm to 6 cm wide. The flowering period is from June to July and the fruiting period is 8- 10. Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hubei, Guangxi, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Anhui, Fujian, Taiwan Province and other places. 4.C. zeylanicum is cinnamon in Sri Lanka. Evergreen tree, up to 65,438+00 meters high, young branches slightly quadrangular with white spots, opposite leaves, 65,438+065,438+0 cm long to 65,438+06 cm wide, 4.5 cm to 5.5 cm wide, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, green on the surface, green on the back, hairless on both sides. The flowers are yellow, about 6 mm long, the fruit is oval, and the length is 1 cm to 1.5 cm, and it is black. Originally from Sri Lanka, it has been introduced and cultivated in China, Guangdong and Taiwan Province provinces. It is a famous spice plant and a high-grade landscape tree.