American ginseng is generally propagated by cutting and grafting.
Grafting propagation method:
1, grafting time: how to breed five-needle pine? Besides cutting, grafting can also be used. According to the experience of growers, it is best to choose the grafting time of American ginseng in the middle and late March, when the grafting success rate is high.
2. Rootstock: five-needle pine grafting. Generally, 3-year-old seedlings of Pinus thunbergii are used as rootstocks. When grafting, use a sharp knife (disinfect first) to cut a knife obliquely from top to bottom. The incision is about 2 cm long and 0.4-0.6 cm deep.
3. Scion: Since it is a five-needle pine grafting, the scion should choose the top branch of two-year-old semi-lignified five-leaf pine, which is generally about 6 cm long. Before grafting, the scion keeps a few needles at the top, cuts off the lower side needles, and then cuts the stem with xylem on one side into a gentle slope with the same length as the rootstock incision.
4. Grafting method: Make the above preparations. The grafting of five-leaf pine has just begun. Insert the scion into the incision of the rootstock and align the cambium of the two. After grafting, tie it with plastic film from bottom to top, neither too tight nor too loose, and don't shift it. After grafting, put it in the shade. When the scion is healed, the branches are straight and new leaves are issued, it means that it has been grafted.
Cutting propagation method
1, cutting time The most common propagation method of American ginseng not only has high survival rate, but also is convenient to operate. However, if you want to take root by cutting, the survival rate is the highest, and you should choose the cutting time of Pinus pentaphylla, preferably in May-August.
2. Selection of cuttings: On the potted plant of Pinus pentaphylla with good growth and no diseases and insect pests, select thick, plump and robust semi-lignified shoots as cuttings. The suitable cutting length is 4- 10 cm. The basal leaves should be cut off, leaving the upper leaves, and the lower incision is close to the axillary buds.
3. Cutting method: Before cutting, treating cutting wounds with ABT rooting powder can greatly improve the survival rate of cutting. Prepare the soil suitable for cutting American ginseng, put it into a pot after disinfection, and then insert the cuttings into it with a depth of 1-3 cm, which is convenient for ventilation.
4. Maintenance after cuttage: After cuttage, water once immediately, and then cover with plastic film. After that, keep the soil slightly wet, and the air relative humidity is between 80% and 95%. Under the environment of 18-28℃, it will take root and sprout soon. After the five-needle pine is rooted and transplanted successfully, you can maintain it according to the cultivation method of the five-needle pine, and soon you will get a new beautiful potted plant.
Matters needing attention in aquaculture:
1. Soil: loose, fertile and well-drained soil should be selected for planting American ginseng, and acidic soil is the best, which is conducive to its better growth.
Second, watering: properly water the five-needle pine, not too much. You can water it once a day in spring and autumn, twice a day in summer, and often spray water. Be sure to reduce the amount of water in winter and water it once a week.
3. Fertilization: You don't need to apply too much fertilizer, just 2-3 times a year. Fertilization should be thin and diligent, and the amount of fertilization should not be too much or too frequent. If the amount of fertilization is too large, it will lead to virtual growth, and fertilization should be stopped after 10.
4. Lighting: Five needles pine likes sunshine and should be cultivated in a sunny environment, but it should be properly shaded and ventilated at noon in summer, and it can be placed indoors facing south in winter.