Zhaoyang District of Zhaotong City is an excellent apple planting base in Yunnan. After several years of development, the apple industry in Zhaoyang District has made remarkable achievements, but there are still some shortcomings in the production and promotion of yellow cattle. This paper introduces the development status of apple industry in Zhaoyang District of Zhaotong City, analyzes the existing problems, and puts forward some countermeasures for the development of local apple industry, so as to promote the sustainable and healthy development of local apple industry.

Unreasonable planting density

Reasonable planting density is the basis of achieving high yield and high quality of apples. Due to lack of experience and understanding, some fruit farmers in this area did not analyze the varieties planted and the site conditions of orchards according to local conditions, but blindly adopted uniform planting density, which led to poor lighting and ventilation in some orchards and seriously affected the yield and quality of apples [1-2]. However, in some orchards with poor site, the apple yield is not high because of low planting density.

Unreasonable plastic trimming

According to site conditions, varieties, rootstock types, planting density, etc. Orchard adopts measures such as long planting, pruning, short cutting, lodging, branch pulling, bud carving and ring cutting. We should change the number, position and posture of branches and buds, so as to achieve a reasonable tree structure [3], which is conducive to improving the ventilation and lighting conditions of the orchard, coordinating the contradiction of long fruit and balancing the disaster situation. Blind pruning is easy to make the proportion of vegetative branches and fruiting branches unbalanced, which leads to serious overlap of fruit branches with sound β value. The unreasonable tree cleaning structure affects the ventilation and illumination of apples, and affects the field work and the high quality and high yield of apples.

Irrational fertilization of apples

Formulated fertilization in Lee Tae can promote the normal development of fruit trees, thus ensuring the high efficiency, high yield and high quality of apple production. In order to save labor and pursue short-term benefits, most fruit farmers apply a large amount of chemical fertilizers for a long time, but lightly apply or not apply organic fertilizers, which leads to soil hardening and insufficient organic matter in orchards, which directly affects the sustainable development of orchards. Therefore, apple fertilization should follow the rules and characteristics of apple trees, and the proportion of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer should be reasonably matched.

Improper pest control

At present, chemical control of pests and diseases has become the first choice of most fruit farmers, but this control method is too simple and single, focusing on treatment rather than prevention, and can not achieve the expected results. Long-term and large-scale application of chemical pesticides is easy to make pests and diseases resistant, kill beneficial organisms in the garden, destroy species diversity, increase production costs, pollute the environment, and pesticide residues affect fruit quality.