1. First degree injury: local slight redness and swelling, no blisters, obvious pain. After proper treatment, it can heal naturally in 3~5 days without leaving scars.
2. Second degree injury: local swelling and pain with blisters of different sizes. After proper treatment, 1~4 weeks of healing, pigmentation, deep second-degree burns can form scars.
3. Third-degree injury: the burn is under the skin, and the fat, muscles and bones are all damaged, which is gray or reddish brown. Necrotic tissue must be surgically removed, and skin grafting is needed if necessary, which will leave scars and even dysfunction.
Then deal with it accordingly!
No matter what degree of burns.
The first step is "washing" or "soaking", or "soaking after washing": gently wash the wound with flowing cold water 10-30 minutes. Cold water can quickly dissipate the heat of the skin surface and reduce the damage to deep tissues. If you feel that the wound is more painful when washing, you can reduce the water flow or soak the wound with water 10-30 minutes, but for patients with large area burns, especially children and the elderly, you should pay attention to the soaking time and body temperature.
In addition, for places that can't be washed or soaked, such as face or private parts, you can use a cold towel to wet compress for a long time until the pain is relieved.
Step 2 "Take off": After thorough washing and soaking, carefully take off clothes and accessories in cold water. If the wound sticks to the clothes seriously, you can gently cut the clothes with scissors. Don't take off any clothes by force to avoid blisters. Because the blister epidermis can protect the wound, relieve pain and reduce exudation in the early stage of burn.
Step 3 "Coloring": This method is only applicable to 1, 2-degree small-area burns, and large-area burns and 3-degree burns can jump directly to the next step! Scalding drugs, such as MEBO or Jingwanhong, can be directly applied to the wound and its surrounding skin gently and evenly.
It can also be treated with Chinese medicine under the guidance of a doctor. If there is no medicine to treat burns and scalds, you can apply aloe juice or honey to the wound. In the absence of dressing, exposure therapy is more conducive to wound recovery and reduces the chance of scarring.
Step 4 "Cover" and "Send": After the first and second steps are completed, you can cover the wound with sterile gauze or clean cotton towel and fix it to reduce external pollution and irritation, help keep the wound clean and relieve pain, and then transfer it to a burn specialist hospital for further formal treatment. If the wound area is too large or too heavy, unauthorized medication will often backfire and easily cause bacterial infection.
In addition, for facial burns, it is advisable to use a sitting position or a semi-lying position. After cutting holes in the mouth, nose, eyes and ears, cover the face with a clean and sterile cloth.