It also includes quite a few emergencies, such as acute poisoning (alcohol, drugs, food, poisonous gas ...).
Surgical diseases: acute and severe diseases that are ineffective in simple medical treatment: major trauma (fracture, active bleeding ...), various incarcerated hernias and the most serious acute abdomen.
One of the characteristics of surgical treatment is surgery, and invasive surgery is in exchange for greater treatment benefits-but it should be clear that internal medicine is definitely not without surgery: the best example is interventional therapy of coronary heart disease, commonly known as cardiac stent.
In particular:
There are many diseases, such as acute abdomen, and it is impossible to clearly distinguish between "should" and surgery.
With the improvement of medical level, many diseases (such as coronary heart disease, upper gastrointestinal ulcer, some congenital heart diseases, liver and kidney failure, etc. ) Internal and surgical treatments overlap, which is the case in many large hospitals in China.
Therefore, although the distinction between internal and surgical systems has been hundreds of years, this concept has gradually faded, and there has been a trend of merging internal and surgical systems in hospitals, treating diseases according to the system.