(1) Spindle shaping should be the main method.
Pruning pear trees into spindle shape has less pruning, less stimulation to pear trees, and is beneficial to high and stable yield. When spindle-shaped, the height of the tree should be controlled at about 3.5 meters, and 10 ~ 15 branches will naturally grow on the middle trunk every 20 cm. In the planting position, the thickness of branches should be controlled within 65438 0/2 of the central trunk, and the branching angle with the central trunk should be 65 ~ 70.
(2) The combination of coring and cutting can promote branching and increase the effective photosynthetic area.
The main task of pruning young trees is to increase branches and expand photosynthetic area. According to the size of the space, pick the core in summer and cut it short in winter to promote branches and increase the number of branches. Before August, the central trunk should be cored every 25-30 cm to promote the growth of branches and cultivate the main branches. The main branches extend uniaxially, and in winter, about 25 cm should be cut above the top branches of the central trunk to accelerate the tree formation.
(3) Young trees should be cultivated purposefully, and the results should be strictly controlled.
Within 1 ~ 3 years after planting, pear trees should be concentrated in nutrition to slow down seedlings and cultivate strong trees. Because golden pear is easy to bear fruit, it usually bears fruit in the second year after planting, which is not conducive to tree growth, so it should be strictly controlled in young tree production.
(4) Control the length of branches to prevent drooping growth and lead to tree decline.
The golden pear tree is open in a posture. If the branches grow too long, it is easy to droop and grow, leading to the decline of the tree. Therefore, during spindle pruning, the branch length should be controlled between 1 ~ 1.2 meters, and the excess part should be controlled, such as short cutting, coring or retraction.
(5) Young trees should be lightly cut, and less short sections should be cut to facilitate the growth of trees.
Golden pear has high germination rate, strong branching ability and is sensitive to pruning reaction. Generally, 3 ~ 7 long branches can germinate under the cutting mouth after short cutting, and the growth of too many ineffective branches will consume the nutrition of the tree. Therefore, short branches should be cut as little as possible in the young tree period, and useless back branches, upright branches, long branches and competitive branches should be removed in time.
(6) Strictly control the number of results to keep the tree robust.
Golden pear is easy to blossom and bear too much fruit, which will consume a lot of nutrients, which is not conducive to the healthy growth of trees. The yield should be strictly controlled in production. The basis of controlling yield is to control flowering branches. Because it is easy to form short fruit branches, the total number of flower branches should be controlled at about 30% when pruning, and the excess flower branches should be pruned to make them turn into fruit branches in the next year. At the same time, we should pay attention to cutting some branches with large space, cultivating auxiliary branches and increasing the ability of trees to make nutrients. Generally, after entering the full fruit stage, the yield per 667 m2 should be controlled at about 3000 kg, and the yield per plant should be controlled at 30 ~ 35 kg. The yield of each branch is controlled at 3 ~ 3.5 kg. That is to say, each branch should control 12 ~ 14 fruits, and more fruits should be left in the lower part of the crown and less in the upper part.
(7) Strengthen the regeneration of fruiting branches and keep strong branches.
The fruiting branches of' Golden Pear' have strong continuous fruiting ability, but after years of continuous fruiting, the fruiting branches are aging and the fruiting ability is declining, which is not conducive to the improvement of fruit quality. Therefore, the fruiting branches should be retracted in time after 2-3 years of fruiting, so as to maintain strong branches and improve the fruiting ability. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the cultivation of auxiliary branches, and the auxiliary branches should account for about 30% of the total branches every year during pruning, and the dynamic balance should be maintained through the annual conversion among auxiliary branches, fruiting branches and flowering branches to maintain the stability of yield and the robustness of trees.
(8) Change the head with the branches on the back and raise the angle of the branches.
Golden pear trees tend to droop and grow, which leads to weak trees. When pruning, we should pay attention to changing the head with the back branches to improve the angle of the branches and keep the trees growing healthily.
(9) strictly control axillary bud fruiting
Golden pear has the habit of bearing axillary flower buds, but the bearing of axillary flower buds is incorrect, so it should be strictly controlled in production. Because the golden pear is easy to blossom, there is no shortage of flowers, and the axillary buds have no practical significance, so they should be thinned out.