There are two factors to follow in the design and construction of landscape architecture in the future, which determine whether the landscape architecture is good or not, that is, whether the landscape architecture design is meaningful in this place: ①

Spatial structure. The structure of space determines whether landscape architecture can be positioned in space. Whether it is appropriate to put it in this place. 2 sense of identity. Whether the whole experience of life is integrated with landscape architecture and whether the place is integrated into your life. Only by objectively analyzing the site, carefully analyzing people's needs and reasonably summarizing the local regional characteristics and cultural heritage can we design good works and return to the source of serving people.

Two types of landscape architecture

① Leisure building: it has the functions of rest and sightseeing, and has beautiful appearance. Such as pavilions, corridors, flower stands, pavilions, boats, garden bridges, etc. (2) Landscape sketches: mainly to decorate the garden environment, pay attention to the artistic effect of appearance and image, and have certain use functions. Such as garden lights, garden chairs, exhibition boards, landscape walls, railings, etc. (3) Service buildings: facilities that provide living services for tourists during their travels. Such as canteens, teahouses, snack bars, restaurants, small hotels, toilets and so on. ④ Cultural and recreational facilities: such as cruise terminal, recreation room, club, performance hall, amphitheater, exhibition hall, etc. ⑤ Public management facilities: mainly including park gates, offices, laboratories, breeding greenhouses, and the zoo should also have animal rooms. ⑥ landmark building facilities: such as rockeries, sculptures, signs, etc.

3 the function of landscape architecture

① Point view function: Point view should be integrated with natural scenery, and garden architecture often becomes the main part of the composition center of garden landscape, or it is a local small scene that is easy to get close-up or becomes the main scene, which controls the layout of the whole garden, and garden architecture often plays a finishing touch role in the composition of garden landscape. ② Sightseeing function: As a place to watch the scenery inside and outside the park, a building often becomes the focus of the picture, and a group of buildings are connected with the veranda, which becomes a panoramic view. Therefore, the orientation of the building and the location of doors and windows should consider the requirements of enjoying the scenery. ③ Guiding function: Landscape architecture often plays the role of connection and integration. When people's eyes come into contact with a beautiful scenic building, the tour route will naturally extend, and the building often becomes the main object of sight guidance. This is what people often say. ④ Spatial division function: The spatial combination and layout of landscape design is an important content. Gardens often skillfully arrange a series of spatial changes, giving people artistic enjoyment. Various forms of courtyards, verandahs, flower walls, round holes and doors formed by architecture are precisely the best means to organize and divide space.

4 the characteristics of landscape architecture

(1) the layout should adjust measures to local conditions, and use it skillfully. In addition to considering the functional requirements, architectural planning and site selection should also be good at using the terrain, combining with the natural environment and integrating with nature. (2) Scenery blending, landscape architecture should combine scenes to express interest, especially in classical landscape architecture, which is often combined with poetry and painting to enhance appeal and achieve the realm of scene blending. (3) In terms of spatial processing, landscape architecture should try to avoid axial symmetry, reshape the layout and strive for twists and turns. Rugged, the spatial layout should be flexible and appropriate. Through the division of space, the contrast between large and small spaces is formed, which increases the sense of hierarchy and expands the sense of space. (4) In terms of modeling, landscape architecture should pay attention to the aesthetic requirements, and the architectural modeling and outline should be expressive to increase the aesthetic feeling of the landscape. The volume and posture of the building should be coordinated with the landscape, and the modeling should reflect the garden characteristics, environmental characteristics and local characteristics. Generally speaking, in modeling, the body should be light, the form should be lively, and strive to be concise and transparent, so as to achieve the organic unity of function and landscape.

5 design principles of landscape architecture

The principle of giving priority to plant landscaping, supplemented by architectural landscaping. China forest is good at natural landscape, and the basic principle of China's gardening is to give priority to garden plants and give priority to buildings. Architecture is the eyebrow eye of the garden, plants are the clothes of the garden, and the road square is the skeleton of the garden. It can be seen that garden architecture plays the role of finishing touch in the garden. Therefore, in garden construction, we should attach importance to plant landscaping and rationally arrange garden buildings. As a foil in the garden, the coordination of landscape function and use function is not only a material product, but also an artistic product. The size, location, layout and shape of the building should be based on the needs of landscaping, and the best ornamental effect should be achieved without losing its practical function. Different types of gardens have different treatment principles. For buildings with obvious sightseeing requirements, such as pavilions, corridors, ships and pavilions, the use function should be subordinate to the landscape function. For buildings with obvious functional requirements for the right to use, such as garden management and toilets, the landscape function should be subordinate to the use function. Garden architecture should be coordinated with garden space, including volume, space combination, form details, decorative colors and so on. And we should not only consider the building itself, but also pay attention to the connection and transition between the building and natural scenery such as mountains, rivers and plants, and integrate with nature. For example, the volume of the building should be adapted to the landscape plants and the space in which it is located, and it should be "good", that is, the shape should be exquisite and the volume should be appropriate, and it should not be the owner and lose the sense of proportion.

Architectural design should adhere to the principle of "economy, applicability, beauty and safety". Landscape architecture is a durable landscape and an important place for tourists to rest and enjoy. It is different from other industrial and civil buildings in that it is small and elegant.

Six Problems in Landscape Architecture at the Present Stage

Generally speaking, as long as the current landscape architecture design tends to use landscape architecture as a means to delimit space or space complex. Start with the origin, and then discuss the existing problems and reasons.

For urban landscape architecture at this stage, designers often use formal geometry without emotion when planning and designing. This purely abstract modeling scheme has no practical significance except the plane itself, so if the landscape sketch built according to this design scheme is doomed to fail, most of the landscape buildings built at this stage are not conceived according to the formal space and life form, and too many works are piled up with geometric figures. Especially in the planning of parks and cities, the layout of simple and boring two-dimensional geometric figures leads to the irrationality of three-dimensional space, which makes the landscape architecture form and sense of space in the drawings at this stage better, but it is far from the expected effect after completion.

Nowadays, most garden buildings use boring geometric figures, without considering people's needs, and the layout of garden buildings cannot be based on the service space and the location of roads. Just as the layout of nature has never been arranged in an axis or piled into caves, our garden buildings are divorced from nature and do not respect this simple, powerful and flexible natural structure.

At present, there are fewer and fewer green spaces in the main urban area, and some garden buildings in the urban area are mostly in toll parks, which can not serve the people well. However, some seats, landscape walls and corridors placed on the streets are polluted by heat island effect and automobile exhaust noise, which leads to the general public being unable to use them. In the new urban areas, due to the increasingly scarce land for real estate development projects, there is no space suitable for garden buildings.

Let's start from people's actual needs and analyze the problems and shortcomings of landscape architecture at this stage:

6. 1

Practicality: When people rest in landscape gardens or landscape varieties, this place should be a practical place first, which is the basic function. But now many designs have made many open-air Little Square, seats and loungers in direct sunlight, corridors without ceilings and shade, and people are forced to choose these places rather than willingly.

6.2

Danger: Landscape architecture built on the driveway means that people who rest in it are always in danger, and threats to people's lives such as reversing, turning and losing control always exist. These landscape buildings do not belong to these places, but due to the restrictions of land development, they are indeed forced to be placed in these inappropriate locations.

6.3

Privacy: In a highly competitive city, people need a clean place, with the help of the rational layout of garden buildings, away from the daily stressful life, but now they hear the noisy city noise where they want to read books and enjoy music. This landscape building doesn't need much space, but now it has no privacy for the above composition requirements and plane beauty. Too many people use the same place and define too many functions in one place.

6.4

Ecology: Everyone has an instinctive desire for outdoor things, eager to be close to nature and observe nature. At present, most of the landscape buildings we design are located in regular lawns, shrubs and trees, so it is difficult to see natural soil and plants growing according to the nature of species. A large number of plants are pruned, and people use the space formed by geometric shapes.

7 concluding remarks

Garden building is a unique building, which not only meets the functional requirements of the building, but also meets the needs of landscaping. Therefore, in the design, we must emphasize the "landscape" of the building. No matter the conception, site selection, spatial layout, volume, color, texture and shape, it should be decided according to the specific environmental conditions, so as to coordinate the artificial beauty of the building with the natural beauty of the environment. Only in this way can the functions of landscape architecture be fully exerted and become a landscape architecture with artistic beauty, thus creating a livable, tourable and enjoyable environment for tourists.