By pruning, the proportional relationship between plant organs can be adjusted to make it tend to be balanced. Adjust the relationship between leaf nutrients, so as to maintain certain growth and thicken the growing soil. nbsp
Second, plastic pruning should conform to the branching law of ornamental flowers and trees.
1, the main branches of flowers and trees should be restrained and weakened to form a tall and straight crown. Such as: Xifu Begonia
2. The annual top branches in the combined branches such as cherry blossom and Lagerstroemia indica should be cut off by the method of "removing the top advantage". Strong buds should be left under the incision, and 3 ~ 4 lateral buds should be removed to ensure good growth of strong buds. This pruning method is mainly to enlarge the crown, increase the number of flower branches and promote the flowering inside and outside the plant. However, in the young tree stage, the central branch should be cultivated, and the lateral branches should be selected and arranged reasonably to make the main branches obvious.
3. Pseudodichotomous flowers and trees can not form terminal buds at the end of apical growth, and the lateral buds are opposite. At this time, we should remove one, keep strong buds and cultivate tall trunks. Like lilacs.
4. Because the terminal buds of the multi-branched flowers and trees such as Nerium indicum and Daphne odora are not fully developed, the "bud holding method" should be adopted for shaping and pruning, and the central main branches should be re-cultivated. The number of flower buds of this kind of flowers and trees is related to its incident angle. If the angle is moderate, there will be more flowers and more fruits.
Third, follow the principle of top advantage, control the tree shape and promote flowering.
Different tree species have different apical advantages.
Four, plastic pruning should consider the use of light energy.
Cut off the top of the branch, make the lateral buds sprout, form more short and medium branches, increase the leaf area and improve the utilization rate of light energy.
Fifth, plastic pruning should conform to the law of nutrient distribution and accumulation in trees.
In the flower bud differentiation stage, the nutrition center will be transferred to the short branches to ensure the number of flowers and fruits. The vigorous branches should be cut short and pitted to promote the concentration of nutrients on the short and medium branches. In addition, we should focus on cutting off overlapping branches, staggered branches and over-dense branches, so that the leaves inside and outside the crown can see light and increase photosynthetic products.
Six, must follow the growth and development of trees.
Through shaping and pruning, the relationship between plant growth and development can be adjusted, so that nutrients can be supplied to the needed parts. Because of the different uses of flowers and trees, the purpose and method of shaping and pruning are also different.
1. Street trees: The purpose of childhood is to grow fast, the trunk is tall, and promote vigorous development. Ensure the growth of main branches after molding, and re-cutting can promote the growth.
2, flowers and trees: to prevent premature aging of young trees, we should pay attention to summer pruning, mainly light pruning. After molding, it is necessary to ensure flowering while expanding the crown, and to cultivate backbone branches at all levels to maintain the balance of the tree. It is necessary to strictly control long branches, competing branches and disturbing branches. After adulthood, we should cultivate permanent branches and leave enough backup branches, so that adult branches and backup branches bloom alternately and increase ornamental value. For old trees, on the basis of promoting root growth, trunk cutting and regeneration should be carried out. Pruning and coring can inhibit the elongation of branches, promote the transport of nutrients to short and medium branches, and achieve the purpose of more flowers.
Seven, in order to make ornamental flowers and trees meet the ideal requirements, in the process of modeling and pruning, aesthetic principles should also be followed, among which the principles of proportion and scale are more important.
The crown width of ornamental flowers and trees is different from the height ratio of trees, and the aesthetic effect is also very different. When the width: height is 1: 1, it gives people a straight feeling. When the width: height is 1: 1.4 14, it gives people a sense of luxury; When the ratio of the two is 1: 1.732, it gives people a faint pleasure; When the ratio is 1:2, there is a sense of handsomeness; When the ratio of the two is 1:2.36, it gives people an upward feeling. Balance and stability are also important components of aesthetic principles, which can be divided into symmetric balance and asymmetric balance. In terms of volume, it will feel unstable when it is big and small. In terms of texture, the top is silky and the bottom is rough, giving people a sense of stability.