Typical inclined top mechanism
There are many ways to classify molds, which used to be:
According to the mold structure, such as single-process mold, compound mold, etc.
According to the object of use, such as automobile panel die and motor die;
Classification according to the properties of processing materials, such as molds for metal products and molds for nonmetal products;
According to the classification of mold manufacturing materials, such as cemented carbide molds; According to the process properties, such as drawing die, powder metallurgy die, forging die, etc.
Some of these classification methods can not fully reflect the structure, forming process characteristics and use functions of various molds. Therefore, a comprehensive classification method based on the technological properties and users of molds is adopted, and molds are divided into ten categories, as shown in table 1, and can be divided into several subcategories or varieties according to mold structure, materials, use functions and mold manufacturing methods.
No: mold type, mold variety, molding process, properties and users.
1 stamping die (stamping die)
Punching die (punching with less waste, trimming, smooth punching, deep hole punching fine punching die, etc.). ), bending die, drawing die, single-process die (blanking, bending, drawing, forming, etc. ), compound die and progressive die; Automobile panel die, combined die, motor silicon steel sheet die
Sheet metal stamping forming
2 plastic molding die
Die, extrusion die and injection mold (vertical, vertical and angular injection mold); Thermosetting plastic injection mold, extrusion molding mold (pipe, flat mold with film, etc. ), foam molding mold, low-tool foam injection mold, blow molding mold, etc.
Plastic products molding plus Huangyan process (thermosetting and thermoplastic molding compounds)
3 die casting die
Die-casting die of hot chamber die casting machine, die-casting die of vertical cold chamber die casting machine, die-casting die of Chen Leng chamber die casting machine, die-casting die of full vertical die casting machine, die-casting die of nonferrous metals (zinc, aluminum, copper, magnesium alloy), die-casting die of ferrous metals.
Pressure casting technology of nonferrous metals and ferrous metals
4 forging die
Forging die for die forging and large press, forging die for screw press, forging die for flat forging machine, rolling forging die, etc. All kinds of fasteners cold heading die, extrusion die, wire drawing die, liquid die forging die, etc.
Metal parts are formed by forging and extrusion.
5 metal mold for casting
Metal models used for casting various metal parts.
Metal casting forming process
6 powder metallurgy mold
Molding die:
Manual mold: solid one-way pressing and solid two-way pressing manual mold; Solid floating die
Motor dies: large-section solid floating dies, pole palm one-way dies, nested one-way and two-way dies and nested floating dies.
Plastic mold:
Manual dies: radial forming dies, full forming dies with external steps, forming dies with spherical parts, etc.
Motor mould: automatic forming mould for solid parts without steps, semi-automatic forming mould for sleeve pull rod, automatic forming mould for sleeve through, automatic forming mould for sleeve with outer steps and outer spherical sleeve, etc.
The powder product is pressed and shaped into a green body. The main die electro-machining equipment is used for copper-based and iron-based powder products; Mechanical parts, tool materials and products, easily heated parts, etc.
7 glass products mold
Blow-blow mold for molding bottles and cans, pressure-blow mold for molding bottles and cans, mold for glassware, etc.
Forming technology of glass products
8 rubber molding die
Rubber pressing mold, extrusion mold and injection mold for rubber products. Rubber tire mold, O-ring rubber mold, etc.
Rubber compression molding process
9 ceramic mold
Forming metal molds for various ceramic utensils and other products.
Molding technology of ceramic products
10 economic mold (simple mold)
Low melting point alloy forming mold, sheet mold, laminated mold, silicone rubber mold, epoxy resin mold, ceramic precision mold, laminated cavity plastic mold, rapid electroforming mold, etc.
The structure and composition of injection mold are suitable for a variety of small batch industrial products and have high economic value.
1, molded parts
Parts that give the molding material shape, structure and size usually consist of cores (male dies), female die cavities, threaded cores and inserts.
2. Pouring system
It guides the molten plastic from the nozzle of the injection machine to the runner of the closed cavity, which usually consists of the main runner, the shunt runner, the gate and the cold well.
3. Guide parts
In order to ensure the accurate alignment of the movable die and the fixed die when they are closed, the guiding part plays a guiding and positioning role. It consists of guide posts and guide sleeves, and some molds have guide parts on the ejector plate to ensure the stable and reliable movement of the demoulding mechanism.
4, demoulding mechanism
The demoulding device and gating system of plastic parts have many structural forms. The most commonly used demoulding mechanisms are ejector pin, pipe jacking, top plate and pneumatic ejection, which are generally composed of ejector pin, reset rod, slingshot, ejector pin fixing plate, top plate (top ring) and top guide post/guide sleeve.
5. Core-pulling mechanism
For plastic parts with side holes or side recesses, before ejection and demoulding, lateral core pulling or sliding block separation (lateral parting) must be carried out to demould smoothly.
6, mold temperature regulation system
In order to meet the requirements of injection molding process for mold temperature, a mold temperature adjustment system (such as cooling water, hot water, hot oil and electric heating system) is needed. ) to adjust the mold temperature.
7. Exhaust system
In order to exhaust the gas in the mold cavity smoothly, there are often exhaust grooves on the parting surface of the mold, and the gaps between the push rods or other moving parts (such as sliders) of many molds can also play the role of exhaust.
8. Other structural components
Refers to the parts (such as fixed plate, movable/fixed template, support head, support plate, connecting screws, etc.) set to meet the structural requirements of the mold.