Main projects: Paleolithic Age in Japan

The confirmed human history on the Japanese archipelago can be traced back to about 654.38 million years ago, even 30,000 years ago. About 34,000 years ago, the stone tools called knife-shaped stone tools came from northern China and were widely used in the whole archipelago, but the Neolithic tools called fine stone blades came from Siberia about 20,000 years ago and mainly spread in East Japan. For a time, the fine stone knife culture in East Japan coexisted with the knife-shaped stone tool culture in West Japan. Soon,

About 65438+2000 years ago, people's culture and life changed greatly because of the end of the last ice age. Except Ryukyu Islands, the whole island has entered the next rope age.

Rope pottery

[Editor] Rope Age

Main item: rope age

About 12000 years ago, it was called the rope age, which was divided into six periods: the initial stage, the early stage, the middle stage, the late stage and the coffin stage. At this time, people made rope pottery, settled early and lived in semi-underground caves (vertical caves). They use bow and arrow hunting, shellfish burial fishing, plant collection and other business and life.

It is also cultivated, and rice is planted in the later period to the next year.

[Editor] Yayoi Era

Main project: Yayoi era

The period from the 8th century BC to the 3rd century BC is called the Yayoi Age. The name of time division comes from Yayoi pottery which is regarded as the representative of this period. The farming society centered on rice cultivation spread rapidly from northern Kyushu to all parts of the Japanese archipelago.

According to the shape of pottery, it can be divided into three stages: the first stage extends from Kyushu to Feng Jingen (East Japan is still at the end of the rope pattern era), and the middle stage spreads to the northeast. Ground stone tools, bronzes, such as flat-bladed stone axes, and early stone-supported tombs in Kitakyushu are similar to mainland culture. Yayoi culture has advanced farming techniques from the beginning, which is generally considered to be influenced by Korean immigrants. After the middle period, irrigation technology has made progress. Agricultural production is becoming more and more stable. In the later period, iron farm tools became popular and stone tools basically disappeared. Bronze sacrificial vessels such as bronze priests, bronze swords, bronze spears and bronze daggers have developed, and social division of labor such as ironmaking and salt making has emerged. Through trade and war, a unified political regional group was formed. At this time, Hokkaido can't grow rice, and it is still in the stage of rope farming.

At that time, the Japanese archipelago was called Japan and Japan by China.

See:

Wonu Wang Haibao

Japanese

[Editor] Tomb Age

(300-600 AD)

Main projects: Yamato Age and Tomb Age.

The ancient tombs in Daxianling (the front circle and the back circle) prevailed in the era of building ancient tombs. Large and small ancient tombs with round front and round back centered on Nara Prefecture are scattered in a vast area from Fukushima Prefecture in the north to Kumamoto Prefecture and Oita Prefecture in the south. In the 5th century, they extended from Miyagi Prefecture to Kagoshima Prefecture. Ancient tombs only bury tribal leaders and are built by tribal members.

In the 5th century, primitive ownership began to disintegrate, and extended families developed into production units and movable property ownership units, which led to conflicts of interest within primitive tribes. Since the mid-5th century, the civil war between powerful tribes in Guinea has intensified. Some powerful tribes are related to the Mockingbird Tomb and the Five Kings Ancient City in Japan. By the 6th century, the emerging forces of the system of succession to the emperor unified the tribes in eastern Guinea. Established the status of king. Kitakyushu troops led by MICHELLE Iwai had hoped to gain a similar status and resist, but this resistance had been defeated before obtaining this status. During the civil war, local leaders granted tribal members the right to build small ancient graves to enhance their combat effectiveness. So, it turned out to be just the ancient grave of the patriarch's tomb. In the second half of the 5th century, it evolved into a small ancient grave (cluster grave). This trend further developed in the 6th century. More than100000 ancient tombs have been built all over Japan. The main part of ancient tombs also adopted horizontal cave stone chambers, in which several generations of family members were buried, with weapons as the center, as well as necessities such as funerary objects and earthenware utensils after death.

However, the appearance of a large number of small ancient tombs has gradually weakened the nature of ancient tombs as rulers' buildings. Therefore, from the end of the 6th century to the beginning of the 7th century, Japanese monarchs tried their best to build monasteries in Guinea, and at the same time restricted the construction of small ancient tombs, while the king and powerful heroes were buried in large square tombs modeled after the mausoleum of Emperor China. In this way, the era of ancient tombs is coming to an end, and the so-called Dahua Bo burial order further encourages this tendency, leaving only the remains.

See:

Haniwa

Japanese kingship

Seven knives

The five kings of Japan

Around the 3rd century, the Yamato Kingdom rose in Nara Prefecture and gradually conquered most parts of Japan. The leader was called the "king" and later renamed the emperor.

[Editor] Asuka period

(AD 600 to AD 7 10)

Main item: Asuka period.

Horyuji quintuple tower

Asuka period was named after torii in Nara Prefecture (now Asuka Village, then the capital of Fujiwara). It was during this period that Buddhism spread through Baekje. Suwo, one of the two major forces in the imperial court, supported Buddhism, while the other force headquarters supported traditional Shintoism. There was a fierce conflict between the two sides. In 587, Suwoma defeated Bu Shougong and gained control of the imperial court.

In 592 A.D., a royal woman with in-laws with the Su family ascended the throne in Fengji and became the ancient emperor of China. She nominated Shoto Kutaishi (the prince of the stable gate) as the Regent and carried out political reforms centered on strengthening imperial power. Shoto Kutaishi has formulated Twelve Orders and Seventeen Constitutions, which laid the foundation of China's bureaucratic system. At the same time, envoys and international students were sent to study in the Sui Dynasty. In order to maintain his exclusive rights, Su Shi strongly opposed the political reform. Su Shi went into the deer and killed Shoto Kutaishi's son, the prince of northern Shaanxi. In 645, Prince Zhong Da (Emperor Tianzhi) and Nakatomino Kamatari (Sickle Foot of Fujiwara) conspired to assassinate Su Shi, ending Su Shi's exclusive power. In the same year, Emperor Kotoku acceded to the throne, issued a new reform decree, and promoted Dahua reform.

In 660, Baekje was destroyed in the Tang Dynasty. In order to revive its tributary Baekje, Japan sent troops to Korea and was defeated by the joint forces of Tang Dynasty and Silla in Baicun River. In 668, Emperor Tianzhi ascended the throne, established the household registration management system in imitation of the Tang Dynasty, and registered the earliest household registration in China in 670. In 672, Emperor Tianzhi died, and his son, the Prince of Judah, succeeded him as Emperor Hong Wen. Prince Hai Ren, the younger brother of Emperor Tianzhi, competed with him for this position. History calls it Renshen rebellion. The prince of Hairen defeated Hong Wen in Gifu County and became Emperor Wu of Heaven. During the period of Emperor Tianwu, the earliest coin "Fudu" appeared in Japan. 438+0 (Dabao Year) In 2065, Dabao Law was promulgated. In 2008+00, Yuan Ming Di moved its capital to Pingchengjing, and the Asuka period ended.

Dongdasi Giant Buddha

[Editor] Nara Age

(AD 7 10 to AD 794)

Main entrance: Nara era

The era with Nara as its capital. From 7 10 (copper three years) as the capital of Pingcheng, it moved to Changgangjing in 784 (three years later), a total of 74 years. It was the heyday of the legal society, which was manifested in the political and economic system, class relations, culture and foreign relations. At this time, the political struggle within the nobility continued. Fujiwara Nakama rejected the royal family and became the first non-royal government minister. Monk Daojing restored Fujiwara Nakama with filial piety, promoted him to be king of France, and tried to covet the throne by abdicating, which weakened the absolute authority of the emperor's dictatorship. During the period of Ren Guang and Emperor Kanmu, the imperial court tried to rectify the chaotic political situation, reduce financial expenditure, reform the military system, expand the territory to the northeast, seek plastic surgery and re-strengthen the legal system.

[Editor] In peacetime

(794- 1 185)

Main items: peacetime

The historical era with Pingan Jing (Kyoto) as its capital began in 794 (13th year of Yan Li), Emperor Kanmu moved its capital to Pingan Jing, and finally the Kamakura shogunate was established in 1 185 (the first year of Wenzhi). After 400 years, it is divided into three periods. The early period (794-967) was a period when laws and regulations were relaxed but continued to be used. Medium term.

[Editor] Kamakura era

(AD 1 185 to AD 1333)

Main entrance: Kamakura era

The Mongolian crackdown on Wu Jia regime with Kamakura as the national political center began with the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate in 1 185 (the first year of Wenzhi) and ended in 1333 (the second year of Zhengqing and the third year of Justin), which lasted for 149 years. There was another 1655.

After defeating the Ping family, the Yuan Dynasty, instigated by the then emperor, became an enemy of his younger brother Yuan Yijing. Later, Yijing was transferred to Fujiwara's family in Austria, and Lai forced Fujiwara to kill Yijing, but two months after Yijing's death, Fujiwara's family in Austria was destroyed by the Kamakura shogunate.

After the death of Yuanlaichao, the regime of the shogunate began to be controlled by his wife, the son of Kitajima, and his father, the son of Kitajima, also known as a nun general. After the death of the third generation of generals, the Kitajima family even welcomed the noble Fujiwara, and even the prince from Kyoto as a general. Since then, the shogunate regime has been led by the hereditary executive power of North Island.

Yuan Shizu Kublai Khan invaded Japan twice when he lived in the North Island.

In the later period, tokugawa era gradually declined and could not be maintained. Finally, Daigo and his troops were defeated by the general and Ueno clan.

[Editor] Southern and Northern Dynasties

(A.D. 1334 to A.D. 1392)

Main projects: Southern and Northern Dynasties

After Daigo destroyed the Kamakura shogunate, it carried out the first imperial restoration and implemented the New Deal, which was known as the Jianwu New Deal in history. Because the New Deal did not meet the requirements of the samurai, it only reused the nobles in Kyoto, which attracted the dissatisfaction of the samurai. Among them, General Zumu is even more dissatisfied. Although he was awarded this honor in the name of the Emperor, he wanted to open the House of Representatives, and as a result, Zumu Zunshi forced Go Daigo to abdicate. The new emperor Guangming sealed him.

After Daigo abdicated, the three artifacts symbolized by the Emperor retreated to Yoshino and Yamato (now Nara Prefecture) and were used by the Southern Dynasties. At this point, the Northern and Southern Dynasties finally formed, and the history books also called it "two emperors went south to Beijing in one day."

bac sonian culture

After many attacks and defenses, the influence of the Southern Dynasties declined. Finally, the emperor of the Southern Dynasties handed over three artifacts to the emperor of the Northern Dynasties, ending the era of the Southern and Northern Dynasties.

[Editor] Muromachi era

(A.D. 1392 to A.D. 1573)

Main projects: Muromachi era

Zumu was a hero of Ueno and a relative of Kamakura shogunate Gen Lai Chao. Zumu Zun opened a shogunate in Muromachi, Kyoto, to serve the Muromachi shogunate.

The unification of the Northern and Southern Dynasties was carried out by the third generation general ashikaga yoshimitsu. After reunification, he tried to usurp the throne. But after his death, the fourth generation general Ashikaga Yoshimochi stopped it.

In order to deal with the Southern Dynasties, Ashikaga had to set up a shogunate in Kyoto and a mansion in Kamakura, which led to chaos in Kanto.

When Ashikaga Yoshimasa, the eighth generation general, was in power, Ren Ying rebelled over the issue of inheritance. Since then, the authority of the shogunate has declined. Originally, the name of Wei, which was sealed by the shogunate in various places, was gradually usurped by Wei Dai (adjutant), family ministers and Han people, and some of them were able to maintain political power until the Warring States Period. From Ren Ying's rebellion to the demise of the shogunate, it is called the Warring States Period.

In Kyoto, the authority of the shogunate gradually declined and was interfered and supported by the Hosokawa Morihiro family. The first13rd generation general Ashikaga Yi Hui was killed, and his younger brother Ashikaga Yoshiaki was supported by Oda Shintai, who was exiled for opposing Shintai, and the shogunate perished, officially entering the Antu Taoshan era.

[Editor] Warring States Period

For details of the Battle of Nakagawa Island, please refer to the entry of the Warring States Period in Japan.

The period from15th century to16th century is called the Warring States Period.

[Editor] Antu Taoshan era

oda nobunaga

Toyotomi Hideyoshi's main entry: Antu Taoshan era

(A.D. 1573 to A.D. 1603)

In the first year of Tenzin (1573), after destroying the Ashikaga shogunate, Nobuyasu Oda gradually became the most powerful military leader in China and began to actively expand its ruling territory. Until the 10th year of Tenzin (1582), Takeda, a famous family in Jiafei, almost completely controlled the nearest place and the East China Sea, and his influence extended to China, Jiaxinyue, Shikoku and Hokuriku.

At this time, Yukio Hatoyama of Oda clan defeated Akechi Mitsuhide in the battle of Yamazaki, and gained an advantage in the subsequent family meeting. In the battle of cheap Yue the following year, he defeated another important official and successfully integrated Oda's territory.

1584, a battle broke out between Yukio Hatoyama and Tokugawa Ieyasu, a local famous soldier in the East China Sea. After some confrontation, the two sides reconciled and formed an alliance. In the same year, Osaka was built, and Yukio Hatoyama began to implement the plan of unifying the whole country based on it. After four large-scale Crusades, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who was given the surname by the Emperor, completed the national unification in 1590, bringing Japan into a century.

Since then, Toyotomi Hideyoshi has encouraged merchants to broaden their financial resources, continue to promote the work of land supervision and sword hunting throughout the country, and weaken the fiefs of famous generals by various means. Starting from 1938+0592, he launched two wars of aggression against Korea, collectively known as Luwen in history. The Battle of Qingchuang (that is, the Wanli Korean War, which North Korea called the Non-Chen Patriotic War). This war not only caused great losses to the famous western Japanese, but also caused a serious economic burden to the Toyotomi family and caused a serious division among ministers.

1598 Toyotomi Hideyoshi died, and the whole country fell into chaos again. At that time, Tokugawa Ieyasu, the most powerful celebrity, controlled the power center of Osaka City by political means, which caused dissatisfaction among most celebrities and Toyotomi civil servants. 1600, disgruntled famous soldiers fought against Tokugawa Ieyasu under the call of Ishida Mitsunari, a civilian, and Mei Rihui, a famous soldier, and the two sides launched a battle of official gardens. As a result, Tokugawa Ieyasu won a great victory and became the actual ruler of the whole country. 38660.6686686866 1

[Editor] Edo Period

Main projects: Edo era

The period from 1603 (the eighth year of Keio) to 1867 (the third year of Keio) in Tokugawa Ieyasu is called the edo period, and the edo shogunate was established in Edo.

After Toyotomi Hideyoshi's death, Tokugawa Ieyasu won the battle of Guanyuan (ヶのㄋ) and was appointed as the general to conquer foreign countries. In the Battle of Osaka, Toyotomi's family was destroyed. The shogunate controlled the imperial court and famous generals by combining the laws of the Forbidden City and the martial arts, and the famous generals alternated due to attendance. O), experienced the island chaos and completed the policy of locking up the country, only conducted a small number of transactions with the Qing Dynasty in the Netherlands and Nagasaki, and maintained relations with Li Han through Korean envoys.

As soon as politics is stable, the economy will develop. In the era of Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, the economy was prosperous, and Lu Yuan culture (Lu Yuan culture) prevailed among businessmen and citizens.

Ukiyo-e painting "Fu Yue-Thirty-six Scenes of Opening the Wind and Quickening the Qing Dynasty" In the middle of Edo, the shogunate's finance was in trouble, and Tokugawa's successor implemented the security reform (security reform) to temporarily restore the finance, but it deteriorated again. The subsequent political reform and natural forest protection reform tried to improve, but they didn't. Daming and Qi, whose basic income used to be rice tribute, became poor. Daming carried out the reform of the suzerain-vassal system, and Changzhou and Satsuma were called Fan Xiong after the success of the reform.

The end is called the end, and it was forced by European and American countries to establish the country. After Perry's voyage, he signed the unequal treaties such as the Japan-Tokugawa Yoshinobu Treaty, which led to the split of the locked countries. With the strong thought of respecting the emperor and fighting for foreign countries, the authority of the shogunate was weakened after being reduced to semi-civil strife, and finally the regime was returned to the court.

[Editor] Meiji era

Main projects: Meiji

Meiji period (1868- 19 12) is called Meiji period.

After the ancient imperial edict and Chen Wu War, the Meiji government was established. The new government actively introduced various European and American systems, abolished vassals and set up counties. These reforms were called the Meiji Restoration. On the one hand, the new government established national systems, such as the establishment of the imperial parliament and the formulation of the Japanese imperial constitution. On the one hand, it has rapidly developed into a national policy of a modern country, cultivating industry and strengthening military strength (to enrich Qiang Bing). In addition, Japan won the Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War and became one of the great powers. While ensuring its international status, Ryukyu, a tributary of the Qing Dynasty, was transferred to Okinawa Prefecture in 1879.

Culturally, Japan introduced new knowledge and art from Europe and America; With the individualistic novels that never appeared in Japan, literature began to appear, and different cultures developed before the Edo era. Religiously, the phenomenon of the confluence of gods and buddhas (separation of gods and buddhas) has changed, and there has been a movement to suppress buddhas (abolishing buddhas and destroying buddhas) and so on.

[Editor] Taisho Times

Main project: Dazheng

Taisho period (19 12- 1926) is called Taisho period.

Emperor Meiji 19 12 died, and Zi Jiaren succeeded to the throne and changed to Dazheng, which was the era of Dazheng. In the first year of Taisho, the first constitutional protection movement (Taisho Democratic Movement) was caused by the fall of the army.

In the early period of Taisho era, there was World War I, which was the peak of Japan's national strength since Meiji Restoration. However, in 192 1, Emperor Taishō was regent by Prince Hirohito due to illness, and the Great Kanto Earthquake occurred a few years later, as well as his defeat in international conferences, which made it increasingly difficult for Japan.

Powerful people constantly struggled with political parties, and the second constitutional movement took place, and universal suffrage was implemented (1925). Saionji Kinmochi, the only veteran, recommended the Prime Minister and advocated "the normal way of constitutionalism".

[Editor] Early Showa

(A.D. 1926 to A.D. 1945)

Main project: Showa

Mushroom cloud produced by Nagasaki atomic bomb explosion.

1August 9, 945

Tokyo Tower1926 65438+On February 25th, Emperor Taishō died and Crown Prince Hirohito succeeded to the throne, which was the Showa era.

At the beginning of Showa, party politics gradually declined, the Prime Minister was even assassinated, and the military gradually seized power.

During the First World War, Japan's economy flourished; However, after the war, with the great economic recession, social unrest intensified. To eliminate this anxiety, Japan colonized Manchuria. But it aroused the response of China and America, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and then the Second World War began.

[Editor] Showa Mid-term

Also known as Japan's economic revival period (A.D. 1945 to A.D. 1972).

See allied military occupation of Japan.

At the same time that the imperial edict of Japan's surrender was issued, Hirohito trusted Suzuki's cabinet and formed a cabinet with the royal family of Dongjiumemiya, the uncle of the son of the Queen of Kyushu Palace. Tokuma Miyazawa Cabinet is the only royal cabinet in Japanese history. The emperor died to stabilize the situation. At that time, in the cabinet of Dongjiumi Palace, former Prime Minister Fumimaro Konoe served as Secretary of State and Shigemitsu Mamoru served as Foreign Minister. Later, Shigemitsu Mamoru served as Foreign Minister.

At this point, the Allies sent an emperor, that is Douglas? MacArthur, the Allied General Command demanded the replacement of Iwate Yamazaki, the Minister of the Interior, who was forbidden to speak against the royal family. The cabinet of Tokugawa resigned and became the shortest-lived cabinet in Japanese history, with a life span of only 54 days.

After the collapse of the cabinet of Dongjiumemiya, Hirohito appointed pro-American Kurihara Kijiro to form a cabinet. In the 20th year of Showa (1945), on October 9th, Kurihara Cabinet was established. This currency is familiar with the foreign policy of the 1920s.

After the war, a large number of political parties mushroomed, including the Japanese Liberal Party (President Ichiro Hatoyama), the Japanese Socialist Party (Secretary Katayama Tetsu), the Japanese Progressive Party (President Tadashi Machida), the Japanese Cooperative Party (President Shibuya Yamamoto) and the Japanese * * * Production Party (Secretary Shoichi Tokuda) also resumed their activities. The following year 1 month, the allied headquarters announced the public service recall order, the so-called public service recall order.

The first general election after the war was held on April 10th in the 21st year of Showa (1946). The Liberal Party won 14 1 seat, the Golden Party won 94 seats, the Socialist Party won 93 seats, the Cooperative Party won 14 seats, the * * * Production Party won 5 seats, and other factions won 38 seats.

As a result, Ji Tianmao became the last prime minister appointed by the emperor under the old constitution. He invited former Prime Minister Bihara to join the cabinet and form a cabinet with the Progressive Party. After the war, under the occupation of the allied forces, according to the Japanese Constitution, the emperor became a symbol of the country, and national sovereignty and pacifism were also established in the Constitution. In the first parliamentary election under the Japanese Constitution, Yoshida's political party lost and the opposition party led by the Japanese Socialist Party won. Coalition cabinet led by the Japanese Socialist Party and Democratic Party, Katayama Tetsu of the Socialist Party and Hitoshi Ashida of the Democratic Party successively became prime ministers. Unfortunately, at that time, there was a serious opposition between the left and right factions within the Socialist Party, and the suspected prison incident in Zhao Dian broke out again, so this "middle-line regime" collapsed. Ji Tianmao returned to the upper position and formed a cabinet four times in a row, becoming the only one in Japanese history. After the signing of the San Francisco Peace Treaty, Japan resumed its national sovereignty.

After Ichiro Hatoyama came back, he opposed Yoshitomo. Finally, Ji Tianmao had to step down because of internal and external troubles. Ichiro Hatoyama compromised with the opposition party to form a cabinet on the condition that the parliament was dissolved immediately after he came to Taiwan. After the election, he formed a cabinet again, and the left and right socialist parties, which had been split at that time, merged to form the Japanese Socialist Party again. Ichiro Hatoyama once again United his Democratic Party and Liberal Party to form the Liberal Democratic Party, which was then known as the conservative contract. The Liberal Democratic Party won more than half of the seats and the Japanese Socialist Party became the largest opposition party. This political ecology lasted until 1993, which was called "five-year system".

Ichiro Hatoyama stepped down after promoting the establishment of diplomatic relations between Japan and the Soviet Union, and was succeeded by Zhanshan Shiqiao. I didn't expect that soon after Shiqiao formed a cabinet, he had serious health problems and had to resign. Finally, Foreign Minister Kishi Nobusuke, who had been accused of being a war criminal, succeeded him. Kishi Nobusuke's aim is actually to revise the Japan-US security treaty. For this reason, the two forces of innovation and conservatism finally confronted each other, and the largest social movement "security struggle" broke out in modern Japanese history. Later, the revised Japan-US security treaty came into effect naturally, and Kishi Nobusuke

After Ikeda came to power, facing the social opposition left by Kishi Nobusuke, he put forward the slogan of "tolerance and patience". With the rapid economic growth (especially during Ikeda's cabinet in11960s, the income multiplication plan was realized), Ikeda is also famous as an economic power. Ikeda formed a cabinet three times in a row, and even competed with Ji Tianmao's Eisaku Satō in the presidential election of the Liberal Democratic Party. Finally, I had to resign because of laryngeal cancer. Eisaku Satō succeeded. After sato formed the cabinet.

[Editor] Late Showa Period

(A.D. 1972 to A.D. 1989)

Eisaku Satō was elected president of the Liberal Democratic Party for four consecutive times and formed a cabinet for three consecutive times. His term of office also surpassed that of Ji Tianmao and Keitaro, teachers of Meiji era. After he announced his retirement, five members of the Liberal Democratic Party participated in the presidential election, namely, tanaka kakuei of Sato School, Masayoshi of Daping School, Fukuda Takeo of Futian School and Takeo Miki of Sanji School. Four of them participated in the presidential election. As a result, only Tanaka and Fukuda were qualified. This was the so-called Jiaofu War, and tanaka kakuei successfully wooed Daping, Miki and Nakasone.

Tanaka kakuei's most important achievement is the establishment of diplomatic relations between Japan and People's Republic of China (PRC), and the plan to reform the Japanese archipelago. At the same time, Tanaka was accused of financial politics. Since then, the LDP has fallen into a series of drawbacks. In October of the 49th year of Showa (1974), tanaka kakuei's research on his own golden vein and connections was published in the Spring and Autumn Literature and Art, which aroused the investigation of the Party and Congress. Tanaka announced his resignation in the same year 1 1 month.

Fukuda Takeo, Takeo Miki and Nakasone Yasuhiro, vice president of the Liberal Democratic Party, summoned Masayoshi Ohira. Takeo Miki was appointed as the successor of the President and was ruled by shiina. After the formation of Takeo Miki's cabinet, the aftermath of the White Watergate incident in the United States exposed the Lowahid incident. Tanaka was involved in a corruption scandal. Takeo Miki tried to use this incident to attack tanaka kakuei. As a result, the major factions in the party formed a political party association and elected Takeo Fukuda as his successor. As a result, the Liberal Democratic Party was elected in the House of Representatives.

Fukuda Takeo originally had a secret agreement with Daping Zhengfang, and Yasuo Fukuda handed over the party affairs to Daping, and promised that he would only do it once. However, Fukuda broke his promise to run for re-election as party president, and Daping stood for election. As a result, Fukuda defeated Fukuda overwhelmingly in the primary election and announced his withdrawal. Daping formed a cabinet.

In the House of Representatives election the following year, the Liberal Democratic Party was defeated by a series of scandals. Yasuo Fukuda, Miki and Nakasone asked Daping to resign, but Daping was supported by Tanaka and refused, which triggered a 40-day protest. In the fifty-fourth year of Showa (1979), since the founding of the Liberal Democratic Party, for the first time, the president of the Liberal Democratic Party and party member participated in the parliamentary prime minister election at the same time. As a result, Daping was supported by Tanaka and the small party New Freedom Society.

In the fifty-fifth year of Showa (1980), the Japanese Socialist Party, Komeito Party and People's Social Party put forward the Cabinet motion of no confidence, and non-mainstream factions formed an alliance to refresh the party style, demanding that discipline be rectified. However, the response of the leadership is incomplete and the non-mainstream faction is tough. Results With the support and absence of non-mainstream, motion of no confidence passed by 243-0/87, and Daping was forced to dissolve the parliament. In the election, Daping died suddenly.

Two years later, Zeng Keshi Suzuki was not re-elected. As a result, Nakasone Yasuhiro was elected president of the Party to form a cabinet, and Nakasone led the Liberal Democratic Party to a new peak. The president's term of office was also extended for one year, and he announced his resignation at 1987. Noboru takeshita of Zhu Xia School was appointed to succeed the president and form a cabinet.

[Editor] Heisei Times

(A.D. 1989 to present)

Main projects: Heisei

Hirohito died in Showa 64 (1989) 1.7, and Zi Mingren succeeded to the throne. He died the next day (1.8), and he was renamed Heisei era (1.989-).

The Liberal Democratic Party was affected by the Rickut incident, and Noboru takeshita's cabinet was severely impacted. Noboru takeshita was forced to resign and was succeeded by Foreign Minister Uno Sosuke. However, due to the scandal of sexual relations between Hideyoshi Uno and Igi after taking office, people's dissatisfaction with the Rickut incident and the consumption tax imposed by the Liberal Democratic Party government, the three major problems were severely impacted, which led to a great defeat in the Senate election in July that year. The number of seats elected by the liberal democratic party hit a record low. As a result, Uno's cabinet collapsed, and Junshu was succeeded by Junshu Haibei.

199 1 End, Junshu Haibe gave up his re-election and was succeeded by Kiichi Miyazawa. At the end of the following year, Shin Kanemaru, the president of Takeshita Sect of the Liberal Democratic Party, resigned as the president of Takeshita Sect because of the case, and split into Obuchi Sect and Haneda Sect for the choice of successors.

1993, because the LDP failed to achieve political reform, Haneda Group rebelled in a no-confidence case, which led to the general election. Under the election of Haneda clique and Masayoshi Takemura, the Liberal Democratic Party lost more than half of the seats in the National Assembly. With the participation of Ichiro Ozawa, the core figure of Haneda School, Hosokawa Morihiro, a Japanese new party, successfully wooed him. Coalition cabinet, a non-self-centered and non-self-centered production party formed by the eight-party Hosokawa Morihiro, collapsed in 1955, and Gong Ze was pleased.

The following year, Hosokawa Morihiro stepped down. Zintomu Hata, leader of the New Progressive Party, succeeded him as Prime Minister, but the Socialist Party broke away from the ruling Coalition. In less than two months, Haneda's cabinet stepped down because of motion of no confidence. Despite Ichiro Ozawa's courtship to the former Prime Minister of the Liberal Democratic Party, the executive department of the Liberal Democratic Party formed a cabinet with Tomiichi Murayama, chairman of the Socialist Party. Under the system of 1955, two opposing political parties jointly seized power at this time.

1996, Tomiichi Murayama stepped down and was succeeded by the new LDP president Ryutaro Hashimoto. The Socialist Party changed its name to Social Democratic Party and cooperated outside the Cabinet. Two years later, Hashimoto's cabinet collapsed due to a disastrous defeat in the Senate election and was succeeded by Keizo Obuchi. Keizo Obuchi wooed Ichiro Ozawa, the former faction (Ichiro Ozawa has established the Liberal Party at this time) to cooperate with the Komeito Party.

In 2000, the Liberal Party broke away from the ruling Coalition, while splitting the Conservative Party to stay in the ruling Coalition. Keizo Obuchi died shortly after a stroke, and was succeeded by Mori Yoshiro, the secretary general, with the consent of the Party's top management. When Mori Yoshiro was in office, his image was low and he often lost his manners. Junichiro Koizumi and Ryutaro Hashimoto competed for the president of the Liberal Democratic Party after announcing that they would not be re-elected. As a result, Koizumi won and began the Koizumi era for more than five years.

In 2003, Ichiro Ozawa's Liberal Party merged with the Democratic Party. In the House of Representatives election, the Liberal Democratic Party won more than half of the seats, and the merged Democratic Party made great gains in the election. In the next year's Senate election, the Democratic Party even surpassed the Liberal Democratic Party to become the first party, indicating that Koizumi's reform was challenged. However, after Koizumi's postal reform bill was not passed by the Senate in 2005, the House of Representatives was dissolved. All the opponents were successfully turned into anti-reforms, and the Liberal Democratic Party and Komeito Party won two-thirds of the seats in Parliament.

In 2006, Koizumi said that he would not be re-elected, and Chief Cabinet Secretary Shinzo Abe was elected as the new prime minister. Although Abe opposed Koizumi's anti-China policy, many ministers of agriculture, forestry and fisheries were caught in fraud cases, which led to the unprecedented defeat of the Liberal Democratic Party in the 2007 Senate election. The number of elected members is the same as that in the 1989 Senate election, and the Senate is controlled by the opposition Democratic Party. Although the cabinet and the party's leadership were reorganized, the situation was already very serious and they had to step down.

Yasuo Fukuda, the son of Fukuda Takeo and former Chief Cabinet Secretary, was elected as the president of the Liberal Democratic Party, and maintained the party's unanimous governance through self-maturity. However, after one year in power, the cabinet still failed to raise public support, and announced its collapse with less than one year left in the next House of Representatives election. Aso has run for the party president four times and served as the secretary-general in Abe and Fukuda. Because of his popularity among the people, he was elected to form a cabinet with the support of the party.