I. Polishing of Stainless Steel Plate
1. Stainless steel plate (finished steel plate)
Many polishing methods can be used to polish large stainless steel plates, such as grinding, abrasive belt and yarn reinforced abrasive. According to different uses, different or combined polishing methods can be selected.
(1) After polishing the cold-rolled stainless steel plate with the abrasive with the granularity of 100~ 120 specified in GB2477, the surface of the stainless steel is semi-polished. The surface roughness Ra value is 0.4 ~ 1.5 μ m, which is suitable for building materials, kitchen utensils and places that need further finishing after manufacturing.
(2) After the cold-rolled stainless steel plate is polished with the abrasive belt with the grain size of 150~ 180 specified in GB2477, the surface of stainless steel is bright and fine, and the surface roughness Ra value is 0.2 ~ 1.5 micron ... It is widely used in restaurant kitchen equipment, medical equipment and container front ends, and is also suitable for building steps and the edge of building curtain walls. This finely polished surface is not easy to leave fingerprints on it, and it is also suitable for making stainless steel doors. This kind of surface has a mirror-like reflection effect and has the special performance of reflecting various light sources. Due to the use of abrasive belt polishing, no matter what shape the light source is, it will be a bright straight line after reflection. Regardless of the position and incident angle of the stainless steel plate, this bright straight line is always perpendicular to the polishing direction. Depending on the installation direction of the steel plate, there may be horizontal bright lines or vertical bright lines in the building. If the bright line is horizontal, it means that the polished grain on the surface of the steel plate is vertical. In this way, the surface of steel plate is not easy to accumulate dust and is easy to wash, which is very important for the maintenance of high-rise buildings.
(3) The surface of cold-rolled stainless steel plate polished by abrasive belt with particle size of No.240 specified in GB2477 is equivalent to the No.240 surface of Japanese standard. Suitable for kitchen utensils.
(4) Grind and polish the cold-rolled stainless steel plate with the abrasive belt ofNo. 150 ~ 180 with the grain size of W63 specified in GB2477. Stainless steel has good metallic luster, soft surface and weak reflectivity, and does not reflect images. It is very suitable for making building curtain walls and building edge decorations, and is also widely used as kitchen utensils.
(5) Polishing the stainless steel plate with W50 abrasive specified in GB2477 to obtain a quasi-mirror with high reflectivity. Equivalent to American standard, the surface obtained by fine polishing with No.600 rotary polishing wheel. Mainly used in architecture and decoration.
Many stainless steel plate suppliers buy their own stainless steel plate polishing equipment to reduce costs and better serve customers. Some manufacturers buy tons of stainless steel plates from stainless steel plate manufacturers, and then use yarn-reinforced abrasives to float dry grinding or/and wet grinding and polishing the stainless steel plates on the equipment. Because the operator doesn't understand abrasive tools, the ideal polishing effect is often not achieved.
2. Small stainless steel plate
After the finished stainless steel plate is decomposed, many small stainless steel plates with different specifications and sizes will be obtained. These small stainless steel plates are the most widely used stainless steel workpieces in production. Because the situation of different manufacturers or polishing "workshops" is different, different methods will be used for polishing.
(1) "cloth wheel sticking sand" polishing
"Cloth wheel sticking sand" polishing is polishing with cloth wheel sticking abrasive. In the past, this was the most commonly used method for polishing stainless steel. Polishing paste is coated on the rotating cloth wheel of motor-driven single-head or double-head polishing machine (evolved from grinder), and the operator holds the stainless steel workpiece for polishing. The labor intensity is high, the working environment is poor, and the workers in the workshop are polluted, so it is often necessary to wear masks to operate.
Stainless steel polishing mainly uses hard and sharp blue wax made of chromium oxide and binder with strong removal ability. Blue wax is a polishing wax. Polishing wax (paste) is a solid form of polishing material, which is mainly composed of abrasive, organic paste and additives, among which the type, crystal form and particle size of abrasive and the type and proportion of organic paste are all important factors affecting polishing quality.
(2) Sandpaper grinding
Put the stainless steel workpiece on a table or other platform, replace the thick and thin sandpaper and polish it manually. This polishing method is closely related to the operator's technology. The operator is highly skilled and can throw better. However, due to the low polishing speed, it is impossible to reach the same surface roughness level as the machine operation.
(3) polishing with an angle grinder
The operator holds the angle grinder and installs the PVA small grinding disc (angle grinding disc) with the number. 120 or/and 220 to polish the workpiece on the angle grinder. Before polishing, it is sometimes necessary to install ordinary resin angle grinding pieces for rough grinding. After PVA small grinding disc is polished, it is sometimes polished with felt wheel to achieve a brighter surface.
(4) polishing with a pneumatic grinder
A grinding and polishing wheel is installed on the pneumatic grinder in the production workshop to polish the stainless steel plate with an area less than 1 m2. (Note: The limit linear speed of the grinding and polishing wheel should be matched with the pneumatic grinder, otherwise a safety accident will occur. )
(5) polishing by a grinding machine
High gloss surface quality can be obtained by installing PVA grinding wheel on surface grinder and selecting appropriate workpiece speed, radial feed and grinding wheel speed to polish stainless steel workpiece.
(6) polishing with a floating grinding head
On the self-made floating grinding head, a cloth wheel made of expensive materials was made to polish the stainless steel plate with an area of about 1 m2. You can get a foggy mirror effect.
There are other methods, such as vibration polishing.
Secondly, the polishing of stainless steel pipes.
1. Stainless steel round tube
With the continuous improvement of material and cultural living standards, the demand for stainless steel round pipes (including stainless steel composite pipes) is increasing, and higher requirements are put forward for the polishing of stainless steel pipes. Therefore, the stainless steel pipe polishing production line (stainless steel pipe polishing machine) came into being. The circular tube polisher is mainly composed of a feeding device, a polishing host and a blanking device, and the three parts of the polisher are linked by a speed regulating motor for synchronous transmission of raw materials. The main polishing machine consists of six groups of polishing heads, and each group of polishing heads is driven by a three-phase motor.
Abrasive cloth wheel is used for rough polishing and semi-fine polishing of stainless steel circular tube, and PVA grinding wheel is used for fine polishing. The surface roughness Ra value can reach 0.1~ 0.05 μ m. ..
Small-diameter stainless steel pipe is polished with a single grinding head. The equipment is similar to a centerless grinder, and PVA grinding wheel and emery cloth wheel can be used. The grain size of sand should be 180 for fine grinding.
2. Stainless steel rectangular tube
The square tube polishing machine consists of a feeding device, a polishing host and a blanking device. The main polishing machine is driven by a speed regulating motor to realize the feeding and conveying of raw materials. The main polishing machine consists of four groups of plane polishing mechanisms and four groups of side polishing mechanisms.
The abrasive cloth wheel is used for rough polishing of square pipe, and the cloth wheel coated with chromium oxide and polished by polishing paste is used for fine polishing. After polishing, the surface roughness Ra can reach 0.1μ m..
When polishing stainless steel round pipes and rectangular pipes, some small enterprises also use simple stainless steel pipe polishers (single group polishers). The grinding wheel has been replaced and operated for many times, reaching the technical requirements.
Thirdly, the polishing of special-shaped stainless steel.
The higher the per capita GDP, the more stainless steel is consumed per capita. Some bosses in Taiwan Province province, seeing this trend from Japanese, Korean and Taiwan Province provinces, came to the mainland to invest in the stainless steel industry. With the increase of per capita GDP, personalized demand is developed, and various stainless steel products emerge in an endless stream, and various special-shaped stainless steel products shine brilliantly. Stainless steel flashlight as shown in figure 1.
1. Stainless steel security door
When the per capita GDP is very low and every family is poor, there is no need for security doors. Now, not only security doors are needed; Moreover, shiny stainless steel security doors are the first choice for many families. For the polishing of high-quality stainless steel security doors, industrial scouring pads are widely used, and abrasive belts are rarely used. In the polishing method, the manual method is often used. Hand grinding is not as efficient as a machine, but it is more flexible. Because there are many corner grooves in stainless steel doors, manual grinding has better local grinding effect.
2. Stainless steel clasp
Because of the curved surface structure of stainless steel clasp, it is difficult to polish with assembly line. At present, the polishing of stainless steel watchband still adopts the method of "cloth wheel sticking sand". This may also be the lowest cost polishing method that can meet the requirements.
3. Stainless steel pen cap
For polishing stainless steel pen caps, technicians and workers in Shanghai developed a multi-grinding-head polishing production line. Unfortunately, at first, the consciousness of patent secrecy was not strong, and it was copied by multinational companies after the visit. It is said that this multinational company is the American "Parker" company. Zhengzhou textile machinery factory, at the beginning of reform and opening up, made similar mistakes in stainless steel stamping in front of the Japanese.
4. Stainless steel kitchen knife
Stainless steel kitchen knife is polished with PVA grinding wheel.
5. Stainless steel sanitary fittings
At present, there is a four-axis automatic polishing machine for stainless steel sanitary ware, which uses polishing wax and abrasive belt to polish stainless steel sanitary ware.
6. Stainless steel tank inner wall
At present, there is a hanging polishing machine for the inner wall of stainless steel tank, which consists of transmission shaft assembly, power mechanism, air compressor, collector ring, lifting frame, manual traction mechanism, abrasive belt grinding head, suspension mechanism and so on. The transmission shaft drives the lifting frame to rotate, and the manual traction mechanism drives the lifting frame to slide up and down, thereby driving the abrasive belt grinding head to polish the inner wall of the tank.
7. Outer wall of stainless steel barrel
On the outer wall of the larger stainless steel barrel, there is a self-made device, which is polished with an emery wheel.
The profiled stainless steel products listed above are all leaking. In polishing special-shaped stainless steel products, the Eight Immortals have crossed the ocean, showing their magical powers. Use all kinds of machines and tools, use all kinds of grinding materials. Some people even use toothpaste and toothbrush to polish stainless steel special-shaped parts (under special circumstances, it is the best choice). The non-uniformity of special-shaped stainless steel products and workpieces produces various polishing methods.
Four. conclusion
1. According to different uses, the best economic effect can be obtained by choosing appropriate polishing methods and materials for stainless steel.
2. At present, mechanical polishing is the simplest, most effective and lowest cost method for polishing stainless steel.
3.PVA grinding wheel will play a greater role in stainless steel polishing.
4. Different polishing processes of stainless steel broaden the connotation of stainless steel use. You can use a polishing process or a combination of several different processing methods to produce more and more beautiful surfaces, thus expanding the application scope of stainless steel and improving people's life mood and grade.