Chapter eleven. Teachers (1) provide students with a good working atmosphere.
A good writing atmosphere can make students have a positive emotional experience, which can not only improve their writing motivation, but also promote and improve their free association ability. It can make memory clear, reflect thoughts quickly and effectively improve language organization and expression ability. Such a writing atmosphere should be created through two aspects, one is the provision of material, and the other is the psychological organization. Material mainly refers to some hardware facilities, such as classroom environment, venues that can be provided for students' activities. In this way, they can naturally improve their desire to write. The mentality is that teachers should use their emotions and love to stimulate students' writing passion, and ignite students' creative passion through friendly smiles and faces.
(B) the use of flexible teaching methods to organize teaching.
In the third grade composition teaching stage, teachers should strive to create conditions for students to experience the fun of writing and let them feel the fun of writing from the heart. Lay a psychological foundation for students' future creative learning in advance. Children in grade three are lively and playful, with strong hands-on ability, full of freshness and curiosity about new things. Our composition teaching should be based on and adapt to these characteristics of children, so that children can express and write their own ideas in a natural and relaxed environment.
Storytelling: The teacher tells a few short stories first, which are vivid and can arouse children's curiosity. Then, ask the students to write down what they have heard, and then ask several students to repeat it by name, thus adding the story of children's own thinking and language, and becoming a very good composition.
Activity-oriented: In view of children's playful and active characteristics, games are appropriately introduced into the classroom to make children interested in writing inadvertently.
Situation: Children in Grade Three are easily moved by real, concrete and very vivid things. Their emotions are usually generated in specific situations.
(3) Affirm the creation of children.
This requires teachers to discover students' success or progress from the heart and give them full affirmation and praise. Let children work harder towards success. This is a very positive reinforcement. It is a very important means to further stimulate children's sense of self-worth and meet their psychological needs.
1, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, with appropriate goals.
Psychological research shows that only the goals that can be achieved through hard work can stimulate students' learning motivation to a limited extent. However, in a class, students' learning ability varies greatly. After the third grade, the quality and quantity of sports training are slowly changing. Therefore, students face great differences. Because, you can't have too high requirements for the goal of homework. You can design multi-level variability goals. Try to make every student try the joy of success.
2. Learn to evaluate and affirm correctly.
Teachers' evaluation and affirmation should be oriented to all and run through the whole process. Teachers should encourage children to write whatever comes to mind and how to write what comes to mind. As long as the composition meets the requirements and the set goals, it is necessary to get high marks and encourage affirmation. And for different students, we must vigorously affirm the characteristics of their articles. Enhance their self-confidence in writing.
3. Try to satisfy the child's desire for expression.
Children in Grade Three have a strong desire to express themselves. They very much hope that their works can be recognized by teachers, praised by their elders and appreciated by their peers.
You can write like this, pay more attention to the creation of working atmosphere and provide a good working atmosphere for children; Adopt flexible teaching methods; Fully satisfy children's curiosity and desire for expression, and meet the application needs of children's composition. Only in this way can we effectively stimulate the writing motivation of junior three students and cultivate their good writing habits.
Second, the students.
(A) observation ability is the prerequisite for students to write happily and interestingly.
Paying attention to observation is to let students learn to observe and learn the order of things, such as from top to bottom, from whole to part, from outside to inside and so on. And guide students to grasp the main features and details of things to observe. Orderly and concentrated observation is an important factor in writing a good composition.
(2) Reading and accumulation are prerequisites for interesting writing.
An educator once said: "The way to make students smart is not to make up lessons or increase homework, but to read, read and read again." In the investigation work, students have the following situations: writing, writing nothing; Say, have nothing to say, or write and say, but not satisfactory, monotonous words, superficial expression. Analysis of the reasons, nothing more than two points: first, the lack of rich materials, in-depth thinking; Second, the accumulation of language expression is not enough. And reading happens to be their natural enemy. Reading is the basis of writing. Only by reading a lot can we accumulate rich vocabulary and phrases and provide a good knowledge reserve for writing. Many children seldom read extracurricular books, so teachers should start with the texts, because many texts in the textbooks are of beautiful quality, easy to learn and memorize, and students can appreciate or copy them. Teachers should try their best to undertake the transfer bridge for students and cultivate their ability to imitate writing through guidance. Every time I learn a text, I ask students to extract good words, sentences and wonderful fragments. Some texts are very close to children's lives. After learning, I will let them understand, learn, use their methods and imitate to write a composition. It is not enough to cultivate students' interest in reading and just leave them time to read. In the stage of cultivating students' interest in reading, let students read some books they like. If students keep reading at will, without goals and guidance, it will be difficult to achieve good results.
Composition teaching is also a long-term and arduous task, which needs us to infiltrate and guide bit by bit in ordinary teaching activities. It is impossible to cultivate students' interest in writing overnight, and it needs to run through the whole exercise teaching process. We should believe that "lasting interest" will eventually become a hobby, a habit, an ability and an achievement.
extreme
First, from the observation, "Chinese Teaching Syllabus" says: "Primary school students' composition is to practice expressing what they see, hear, think or experience in appropriate language." These must be observed. Let them observe from ordinary life, be conscientious people in life and accumulate writing materials; Secondly, we should teach students the method of observation, let them choose materials in order, grasp the characteristics, develop associations, and let observation serve writing. For example, in the practice of My deskmate, I asked my classmates: What does your deskmate look like? Look at his/her face. Is it white, black or yellow? Is it a round face or a melon face? Is the eyebrow curved or thin "one" or obvious "eight" Are your eyes bright? Double eyelid or single eyelid? Is your nose high? Is the bridge of the nose collapsed? ..... and then let the students grasp the characteristics of the deskmate in a certain order to observe, write the appearance of the deskmate, and write the most characteristic part in detail. I especially like snub nose, tooth loss, pimples and so on. , must write in detail.
Educator Mr. Ye Shengtao said: "Life is like a source, and articles are like a stream. The source is abundant and inexhaustible, and the stream naturally flows endlessly. " Only by letting students observe, understand and experience in the big environment of society, school and family can they write wonderfully.
Second, starting from textbooks.
Grade three students are in the primary stage of composition, so we should first teach them to master certain writing methods. Where does the exercise method come from? The texts in Chinese textbooks are classic chapters carefully selected by experts, just like glittering treasures. There are many good writing methods worth learning. We can make full use of this precious resource to guide students to understand, analyze and summarize, and use it to help them write a good composition. For example, the fourth section of the autumn in the Great Northern Wilderness, the first volume of the third day. Which sentence in this passage is the central sentence, which can best summarize the characteristics of Yuan Ye in Autumn in the Great Northern Wilderness? What exactly do you write? The students said with one voice: vilen is very lively; It says soybean, sorghum and hazelnut. This is an example of complete segmentation. I showed a group of pictures of various fruits covered with branches in autumn. After reading these pictures, we can't help but admire: there are so many fruits in autumn! Write a sentence with a total score structure around this sentence. In order to prevent students from being too simple, "There are apples, grapes and oranges ..." When writing on the blackboard, they wrote: Soybeans smiled, sorghum sang and hazel trees were red. What will happen to apples? Are you an apple, a grape or an orange? What do you like? What do you do and think when you hang on a branch? ...
The textbook pays attention to the integration of content, and each unit appears in the form of a topic. The exercises of each unit are also closely related to the topic design. Therefore, we should fully grasp this feature of textbooks, base ourselves on textbooks and organize reading teaching in a down-to-earth manner. Every time we learn a text, we should make students gain something: what is written in the text? Why do you want to write like this? How is it written? The above problems are not only the core of reading teaching, but also the fundamental premise of exercise teaching. Learning is for use. Only when students study the text can they have a clear understanding of these three aspects, and when they write their own composition, they will have a clear account in their hearts: "Why should I write such an article?" How can I write to better express my feelings? " Therefore, after entering the third grade, every time I study a text, I will make a fuss about the writing characteristics of the text, carefully design it, and guide students to understand and appreciate the subtle expression of the article in combination with students' reality. Not only pay attention to practicing writing in class, but also pay attention to combining learning texts with teaching exercises to guide students to correctly use the writing methods learned in this unit in practice. For example, the second unit of the first volume of the third grade is full of fairy tales-writing things, writing out the cause, process and result of things, and paying attention to the movements, demeanor, language and psychological activities of the characters. For example, Ina Nao Hai captures the action of the characters, Three Bags of Wheat captures the expression of the characters, and Dandelion captures the language of the characters. ...
Third, start with experience.
Close to life and feel life, you can have something to say and a pen to write. Understanding life is the only way to get writing out of the predicament. Children learn some skills in life, but the psychological characteristics of grade three students determine that they only remember what they have done in general, but not the details, so it is difficult to write down the process of learning skills in detail. For example, when I was teaching students to write "Jumping Rope Competition", I specially organized a competition for class students. During the competition, I let the students experience the physiological changes before and after skipping rope. Is your heart beating faster? Is the waist and legs sour? How about the opponent's demeanor and movements before and after the game? What about your manners and movements? What were you thinking before and after the game? What about the other students? Guide the students to observe the development and changes of their inner feelings and attitudes towards their opponents, as well as their external actions, and write what the game results are. Guide students to pay attention to their own spiritual experience, and then write it out. After students have mastered how to write down their inner experience, they will expand it to all kinds of skills that everyone has learned in life, so as to review and excavate their real experience in learning a skill and write down the process of learning the skill. In composition teaching. We should encourage students to scan life in a panoramic view and experience life with their own eyes and hearts. The richer the life, the richer the material content and emotional content of students' compositions. Speak in an orderly way and you will follow suit.
Fourth, start with spoken English.
Mr. Tao Xingzhi, an educator in China, has repeatedly stressed that writing should practice expressing what you see, hear and feel in your own words, so that "I speak my mind with my mouth and I write my mouth by hand". In composition teaching, I attach importance to the training of oral English, so that students can first express their composition ideas in front of teachers or classmates, and then on the basis of speaking, let students write what they say, that is, composition, so that students will not feel difficult. Speaking before writing can not only understand students' ideological status and expression level, but also help students correct language diseases. Speaking is the premise of writing, and writing is the result of speaking. For example, in writing the composition "Osmanthus fragrans", I will guide you to talk about the name of Osmanthus fragrans, the overall description of Osmanthus fragrans (the size and color of flowers), the shape of petals (tubular, filiform, strip ...) and the posture of flowers (stretching, bending, hanging, drooping, radiant ...), so as to expand your imagination ... Students can follow these contents carefully. There are various forms of speaking, such as practicing speaking freely, discussing at the same table, and naming names. Speaking before writing can be easier, and at the same time, it can also change the style of telling lies and rhetoric.
How to improve the homework ability of grade three children? It is the key and difficult point of Chinese teaching in the third grade of primary school. It is imperative to start composition teaching. Everything is difficult at the beginning, as long as we attach importance to the initial teaching of composition and let them have something to say, write and express; Let them fully display their own characteristics and feel the real life. Growing up healthily and happily lays a solid foundation for students to start writing.