Orange tree, a small evergreen arbor plant of Citrus in Citraceae. Orange trees are evergreen all year round, with dense branches and leaves, neat tree posture, and fragrant flowers in spring, especially in February of the New Year, there are countless yellow fruits in autumn and winter, and the yellow and green colors are extremely beautiful. So how is potted citrus reticulata cultivated?

Cultivation method of potted citrus trees

1, flowerpot selection;

Pots for potted fruit trees are generally round, because the round pots are conducive to the uniform diffusion of roots around, and the container needs water seepage and good air permeability to ensure the oxygen demand for root growth and prevent the roots from rotting due to water accumulation in the container.

Among all kinds of containers, the plain pot is the most suitable for planting fruit trees. When using containers made of other materials, in order to overcome the shortcomings of poor air permeability, coarse sand with a thickness of 5 cm can be laid at the bottom of the basin, and a new layer of tiles can be placed along the inner wall, and then trees can be planted by filling the soil.

2. Soil matrix;

Generally, the basin soil suitable for citrus reticulata is slightly acidic (PH 4.5-7.5) and sandy loam or sandy soil rich in humus. During preparation, 4 parts of mature pastoral soil, 2 parts of river sand and 1 part of plant ash are fully and evenly mixed, ground and sieved. The culture soil should be disinfected before use, such as cooking disinfection, baking disinfection or drug disinfection (spraying 1.5% formalin).

3. Lighting control;

Orange trees are light-loving and temperature-loving fruit trees, so potted trees must be placed in a place with sufficient light and good ventilation to promote the elongation of plant growth points, form high-quality flower buds and improve the fruit setting rate. Orange trees have poor cold tolerance and must be put into plastic greenhouses for winter; When the temperature reaches above 35℃ in summer, cover the sunshade net and spray water from 9: 00 am to 4: 00 pm to cool down, otherwise it will easily cause young fruits to fall off.

4. Fertilizer and water management;

1) water. Different fruit trees have different requirements on the pH value of water. Generally, the pH value of orange trees is 4.5 ~ 7, which can be corrected by ferrous sulfate. The temperature difference between water temperature and soil should not exceed 5℃. Watering in the growing season should be carried out before 10 in the morning or after 4 pm. Water it every day on sunny days in summer 1 time. If the soil is dry, water 1 time on the same day. Water 1 time every day in spring and autumn, and water 1 time every 2 ~ 5 days in early spring and late autumn; Control watering in winter.

2) fertilization. Because there are trees, one day, and thin soil, we should be diligent. Trees with strong fertilizer tolerance, large growth and many fruits should be fertilized more, otherwise they should be fertilized less; No fertilization during dormancy; Fertilize more when the fertilizer content in the pot soil is low or the pot turning time is long, and fertilize less when the fertilizer content in the pot soil is high.

4, basin soil replacement;

Because the nutrients in the pot soil are absorbed by fruit trees or washed away by frequent watering, it is necessary to pour the pot in time and replace it with new nutrient soil every 2-3 years. After the soil is turned upside down, the old roots with a thickness of 2-3 cm around the pot soil are cut off, the organic fertilizer and nutrient soil are evenly mixed to fill the bottom, then the soil is brought into the pot, the surrounding soil is filled with fertile soil, and water is poured once.

5. Dressing and shaping;

1) Tree selection: The tree shape of potted citrus reticulata can create imaginative trees, such as natural round head shape, tower shape, one cliff shape, two antlers shape, three cups shape, weeping willow shape and dragon curve shape. Make it not only beneficial to the result, but also have aesthetic effect and improve its ornamental value.

2) Spray shaping: chemical control technology is applied to dwarf trees. In summer, plant growth retardants (such as chlormequat chloride, paclobutrazol, etc. ) It should be sprayed on the leaves of potted orange trees for 2-3 times during the vigorous growth period, which can make the branches stout, the internodes short and the plants dwarf.

In addition, the measures to promote the dwarfing and pruning of flowers mainly include: wiping buds, removing cores, taking branches, bending branches, ring cutting, retracting, renewing and pulling branches. Through the angles of open branches and sparse branches, dense branches and invalid branches, the illumination is enhanced and the ideal tree shape is obtained.

6, pest control;

Potted soil is required to be "loose, light and fat", which is generally composed of garden soil, fine sand, sawdust or broken straw in proportion, and then mixed with appropriate amount of chicken manure, cake fertilizer, compound fertilizer and trace elements. After fermentation and decomposition, the pH value of potted soil is 5.5 ~ 7 (the pH value should be adjusted according to different tree species).

7, flower and fruit period management;

When the number of flower buds in orange trees is large, the flowers should be thinned during bud pregnancy and the fruits should be thinned after physiological fruit drop. If the number of buds is small, you can leave more flowers. At the same time, artificial pollination is needed.

8. Overwintering management;

In the absence of freezing injury in winter, orange trees generally do not need to overwinter indoors, but can overwinter naturally outdoors. In order to prevent freezing injury, you can water the soil once before freezing, and then wrap the whole container with straw bags to prevent cold, or you can bury it in a ditch.