1, point control CNC machine tool: CNC system only controls the precise position of the tool from one point to another, and does not control the motion trajectory. The motion between coordinate axes is irrelevant, and the workpiece is not processed during the motion. This kind of CNC machine tools mainly include CNC drilling machine, CNC coordinate boring machine and CNC punching machine.
2. Linear control of CNC machine tools: In addition to controlling the precise position between points, the CNC system must also ensure that the motion trajectory between two points is a straight line, and also control the motion speed, also known as point-to-point linear control. This kind of CNC machine tools mainly include simple CNC lathes, CNC milling machines and CNC grinders. There are few CNC machine tools used for linear control.
3. Contour control CNC machine tool: Contour control is characterized by being able to continuously control the displacement and speed of two or more motion coordinates at the same time. It not only controls the starting and ending coordinates of the moving parts of the machine tool, but also controls the speed, direction and displacement of each point in the whole machining process. It is also called continuous control CNC machine tool.
This kind of CNC machine tools mainly include CNC lathes, CNC milling machines, CNC wire cutting machines and machining centers.
Extended data:
The basic components of CNC machine tools include machining program carrier, CNC device, servo drive device, machine tool main body and other auxiliary devices.
1, processing program carrier: When the CNC machine tool works, workers do not need to directly operate the machine tool. In order to control CNC machine tools, machining programs must be compiled.
2. CNC device: CNC device is the core of CNC machine tools. Modern numerical control devices all adopt the form of CNC (computer numerical control), and generally use multiple microprocessors to realize numerical control functions in the form of programming software, so it is also called software NC.
3. Servo and measurement feedback system: Servo system is an important part of CNC machine tools, which is used to realize feed servo control and spindle servo control of CNC machine tools. The function of the servo system is to convert the command information received from the numerical control device into linear displacement or angular displacement of the execution part of the machine tool after power amplification and shaping.
4. Machine tool main body: The machine tool main body is the main body of CNC machine tools. It comprises a lathe bed, a base, an upright post, a cross beam, a sliding seat, a workbench, a spindle box, a feeding mechanism, a tool rest and an automatic tool changing device. It is a mechanical part that automatically completes all kinds of cutting processing on CNC machine tools.
5. Auxiliary devices of CNC machine tools: Auxiliary devices are necessary to ensure the full play of the functions of CNC machine tools. Commonly used auxiliary devices include: pneumatic and hydraulic devices, chip removal devices, cooling and lubricating devices, rotary tables and numerical control indexing heads, protection, lighting and other auxiliary devices.
Baidu Encyclopedia —— Introduction to Classification of CNC Machine Tools