Yesterday, many people in our village left home to work. Most of them have peach trees, cherries and other fruit trees at home. Because 2020 is an unusual year, affected by the cold of late spring, peach trees in many places have been frozen, causing serious flower and fruit drop, and the fruit setting rate has been greatly reduced. In some places, even the whole tree does not bear fruit. So everyone felt out of control and went out to work. However, peach trees will not stop growing because of freezing, and the phenomenon of peach trees flourishing is very serious, because no branches have fallen off. Now it is about to enter the summer pruning time. How to prune such peach trees in summer? Combined with the actual situation here, I'll give you four suggestions. In a word, these eight suggestions are four pruning orders, 1 treatment principle combined with soil, fertilizer and water management.

One, four pruning sequence

The first order is to prune the big branches first, and then prune the small branches.

For young trees of frozen peach trees, we should first consider the selection and pruning of the central trunk and main branches, then select the side branches on the main branches, and finally consider equipping the main branches with large, medium and small branches. For mature trees, especially peach trees with too dense branches due to severe freezing injury and few fruit, the big branches on the central trunk should be adjusted first, then the middle branches in the crown, and then the branchlets should be trimmed.

Too dense branches of peach trees are often caused by too many medium and large branches and too dense branches. Therefore, when pruning, it is necessary to adjust the large branches first, and then prune the small branches, so that it is easy to meet the requirements of "large branches are sparse and small branches are dense", which can not only solve the problem of ventilation and light transmission of the tree, but also retain enough fruit. Otherwise, if the branchlets are thinned first, too many branchlets will be thinned first, resulting in bare branches or bare branches on the main branches, resulting in a large number of reduced parts and a decline in the second year's output. Second, the problem of ventilation and light transmission cannot be fundamentally solved. In retrospect, it is necessary to thin or shrink the medium and large branches in dense places, which not only reduces the pruning efficiency, but also causes the phenomenon that the branches are too thin due to excessive pruning. The second order, first outside and then inside.

Frozen peach trees should be pruned from outside to inside, regardless of the main branches, side branches or branches. First, you can see the pruning situation of the whole tree, which is conducive to forming a clear pruning idea. Second, you can prune the branches one by one from the outside to the inside, so that there will be no disorderly pruning from east to west, resulting in missing pruning.

The third order, first up and then down.

For young peach trees in the plastic period after freezing injury, the extension branches of the central trunk should be pruned according to the distribution of the lower main branches, and the position and orientation of the upper main branches and the interlayer spacing between the upper and lower main branches should be determined, and then the lower main branches should be pruned. For the big peach trees in the fruiting period, pruning from top to bottom and from top to bottom is conducive to the formation of a tree structure with sparse top and dense bottom, small top and large bottom, and happy stratification, with good ventilation and light transmission. Second, it can avoid the phenomenon that the lower branches are too thin and the buds are not properly left because of pruning the upper and lower trees and the cut upper branches.

The fourth order, first pull, then thin and then cut.

After the peach tree is frozen, the branches of the young peach tree have the characteristics of vertical growth, which is easy to cause the phenomenon that the branches in the middle and upper parts of the crown are too dense and the branches in other parts are insufficient. When pruning a big tree in the fruit-bearing period, it is often encountered that the branches in a certain part are too dense, but the branches in its adjacent parts are sparse. When pruning, the angle and orientation of branches should be changed by pulling branches. Sparse branches should be filled with dense branches, and then pruning should be carried out according to the space size of different parts and the sparsity of branches. This can avoid the mistake of branch vacancy caused by pulling branches after loosening. The order of thinning peach trees is thinning first and then cutting. The order of thinning branches is dead branches, branches that stand upright and flourish like shelter from the wind, raw branches, overlapping branches, crossed branches, crowded branches, pests and diseases. Thinning branches before pruning can avoid the influence of messy branches on pruning judgment and straighten out the relationship with other branches.

This is due to the low fruit setting rate this year, and four pruning sequences need to be adopted when pruning frozen peach trees in summer. And how to deal with some too dense medium and large branches? Here is a brief introduction.

Second, deal with too many large and medium branches.

After the peach trees are frozen, when pruning in summer, it is not appropriate to prune all the peach trees that are fruitless and need pruning at one time, but should be done in stages and batches year by year, otherwise, excessive pruning and pruning will stimulate the flourishing trees to grow more vigorously. Because peach tree itself has the characteristics of high germination rate, strong branching, many branches, great sharpness, shear resistance but poor wound healing. In general, the growth potential of the upper part will not be significantly weakened by the thinning of large and medium branches, but the wound should be small and smooth and no branches can be left. The protective agent should be applied to the big wound in time to help the wound heal as soon as possible and prevent the glue from flowing and infecting other diseases.

The problem of low fruit setting rate is common in peach trees after freezing. Some people do not pay enough attention to the management of soil, fertilizer and water and the prevention and control of pests and diseases, which affects the fruit setting rate in the second year. Therefore, three measures should be paid attention to when cutting in summer.

Third, the three measures are coordinated.

These three measures are: 1, soil, fertilizer and water management, 2, pest control and 3, flower and fruit management. Describe it briefly. 1, soil remediation, fertilizer and water collocation.

Pruning of peach trees and other fruit trees has two major functions, namely, helping and slowing down the situation. The so-called potential help means that it can promote vegetative growth and enhance growth. Pruning methods, such as pruning, girdling, girdling and pruning, are beneficial to the formation of flower buds and increase yield, and are potential pruning. However, the pruning method that can weaken vegetative growth is slow pruning, such as coring, pruning and twisting branches, which is beneficial to flowering and fruiting. No matter which pruning method, it is impossible to improve the nutritional level and water content of the tree as a whole, so we must pay attention to strengthening the management of soil, fertilizer and water after pruning, and even have the opposite effect. For malnourished and weak peach trees and parts, we should raise them first and then cut them.

Strengthening the management of soil, fertilizer and water in Taoyuan and providing sufficient fertilizer and water supply are the basis for improving the nutritional level of trees, ensuring the robust growth of peach trees and achieving high quality, high yield and stable yield in the coming year, and its role can not be replaced by pruning. Therefore, water and fertilizer management should be paid attention to during the fruit setting period, fruit urging period and post-harvest in Taoyuan. Don't think that just because there are not many peaches, you will no longer care about soil, fertilizer and water, which will have a great influence on the fruit setting in the next year. 2, pest control and pruning.

Less rain and drought, plenty of sunshine, low humidity in the orchard, vigorous growth of peach trees, less occurrence of pests and diseases, so you can leave more branches appropriately. Peach orchards with abundant rainfall and good irrigation conditions should be pruned in summer to form dense, ventilated and transparent tree bodies and group structures, reduce the humidity of peach orchards, ensure the robust growth of trees, improve the disease resistance, improve the spraying quality and control effect, and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.

Pruning peach trees together with pruning branches, leaves, flowers and fruits of pests and diseases can reduce the number of insect sources, prevent the spread and have good control effect.

3. Flower and fruit management and pruning.

Although this year's peach trees have greatly reduced the amount of fruit, they must not be cut in summer. The combination of flower and fruit management and reasonable pruning can better solve the problem of big and small years and promote the quality and high yield of peach trees in the coming year. For example, in this summer's cuttage, we must pay attention to controlling the growth of flourishing branches, promoting pollination and fertilization at flowering stage, and better ensuring the yield. If there are too many flower buds in winter, some flower buds can be reduced by loosening and cutting fruit branches. Or in order to prevent freezing injury from happening again, winter shears can be lightly cut or not cut, and more flower buds can be left appropriately, and then cut again in the second flowering period for adjustment. Generally speaking, the reduction of peach production this year is a foregone conclusion, but summer pruning must not be ignored. Summer pruning can solve many problems that cannot be solved in winter. Pruning in summer is easy, and due to the special situation this year, a large number of long branches will inevitably appear on the main branches of peach trees. After pruning in summer, it can not only reduce the consumption of nutrients, but also cultivate branches into balls if there is space. If it is winter, it has to be cut off, which will cause the wound to be too big and it is difficult to form flower buds on the nearby branches. I hope my suggestions mentioned above can attract everyone's attention.