1, id (English: id) is a subconscious form of thought, (Latin word is ID, while German original word is ") represents the original program of thought-the most primitive people belong to the desire to satisfy instinctive impulses, such as hunger, anger, sexual desire and so on. This word was coined by Freud based on the works of Georg Grodike.
The ID is innate and the foundation of personality structure, and the future of ego and superego will develop on the basis of the ID. Id is located at the bottom of personality structure, and it is an energy system composed of innate instinct, desire and various physiological needs. The id has a powerful primitive impulse, which Freud called libido. Id is unconscious, irrational, non-social and chaotic. I only follow one principle-pleasure principle, which means to pursue individual physiological needs, such as satiety of food and satisfaction of sexual desire, and avoid pain. Freud believed that the greatest influence of hedonism principle was in infancy, and it was also the most prominent time for the expression of id thought.
Simple definition: According to the theory, the ID represents all the sources of driving energy.
2. ego is a key concept constructed by many schools of psychology. Although the usage of each school is different, it generally refers to the conscious part of the individual.
Ego is the psychological component of personality, which is gradually differentiated from id and located in the middle layer of personality structure. Its function is mainly to adjust the contradiction between id and superego. On the one hand, it adjusts the id, on the other hand, it is subject to the superego. It follows the principle of reality and meets the requirements of the ID in a reasonable way. ? [1] Here, the principle of reality temporarily suspends the principle of happiness. Therefore, individuals learn to distinguish between ideas in their minds and those around the outside world. Self-regulating itself and its environment. Freud believed that ego is the executor of personality.
Another confusing concept is ego, which includes unconsciousness. The study of self in psychology is very complicated in methodology, and often involves philosophical metaphysics.
Simple definition: the existence and awakening of one's own consciousness.
3. The superego is the controller in the personality structure, which is governed by the principle of perfection and belongs to the moral part of the personality structure. Located at the highest level of personality structure, it is a moral self, internalized by social norms, ethics and values, and its formation is the result of socialization. The superego follows the moral principle, which has three functions: one is to restrain the impulse of the id, the other is to monitor the ego, and the third is to pursue perfection.
In Freud's theory, superego is the symbolic internalization of father image and cultural norms. Because of the conflict with the object, the superego often stands in the opposite position of the original desire of the "ID" and is aggressive to the "ego". The superego operates in the form of moral heart, maintaining individual moral sense and avoiding taboos. The formation of superego occurs in the process of the disintegration of Oedipus complex, which is an internalized recognition of the image of father. Because the little boy can't successfully keep his mother as the object of his love, he may have castration complex in retaliation or punishment for his father's castration, and then turn to identify with his father.
Simple definition: The opposite of ID is superego, that is, the moral branch of human psychological function, which contains the idea that we strive for and the punishment (guilt) that we expect when we violate our own moral standards.
correlation
In Freud's theory, consciousness is divided into three parts, namely ID, ego and superego, which constitute a person's complete personality. All human psychological activities can be reasonably explained from their relationship. Ego is permanent, while superego and id are almost permanent opposites. In order to coordinate the contradiction between id and superego, ego needs to be adjusted. If an individual suffers from excessive pressure from ID, superego and the outside world and is anxious, the ego will help start the defense mechanism. Defense mechanisms include: repression, denial, regression, offset, projection, sublimation and so on.
In fact, the relationship between the three is easy to understand. To put it simply, the id is human instinct, the superego is our ideal goal, and the ego is the regulator when the two conflict.