Nandina
Alias Tianzhu and Zhu Lan
Nandina chinensis
Family, dicotyledonous plants, Berberidaceae, Nandina domestica.
Ecological habits are produced in the Yangtze River valley of China, Shaanxi, Guangxi and other provinces, as well as in Japan and India. Most of them were born in wet valleys. Under sparse forests or shrubs, it is an indicator plant of calcareous soil. south
It is planted in gardens all over the north. I like a warm, humid and well-ventilated semi-cloudy environment. It is hardy and can be cultivated in the open field south of the Yellow River. When the fruit is ripe, leave it on the branches to watch, and the temperature should be kept at about 10 degrees Celsius. In spring and summer, potters should maintain in shade sheds. Weak alkaline resistant soil. Strong tiller, generally dry, overgrown with weeds. It is an evergreen shrub.
Planting, management and propagation are mainly based on sowing and branching, and cutting can also be used. Generally, seeds are harvested and sown, or they can be stored in a dry and ventilated place and sown in the next spring. Plant division should be carried out before bud germination in spring or autumn. Cutting is carried out before the new buds germinate or when the new buds stop growing in summer. Pay attention to keep the water stable and shade properly when entering flowering period, otherwise it will cause falling flowers and fruits. Topdressing dilute liquid fertilizer, pay attention to intertillage weeding, and control pests and diseases. Indoor maintenance should strengthen ventilation and light transmission to prevent scale insects from happening.
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Nandina
Scientific name: Nandianzhu.
Alias: Tianzhu, Nantianzhu, Zhu Zhu, Nanzhuang, Nanzhuye, Hongbazi and Lantian Bamboo.
English name: Common Nandina, Tianzhu
Family name: nandina domestica of Berberidaceae.
Evergreen shrub, about 2 meters high; The stem is erect, with few branches, and the young branches are often red. The pinnate compound leaves are alternate, and the pinna at all levels are all opposite. The smallest pinna has 3-5 leaflets, of which 3 leaflets are leathery, nearly sessile, elliptic-lanceolate, tapering at the top, wide wedge-shaped at the base, entire, 3- 10 cm long, dark green, often red in winter, and smooth and hairless on both sides. Panicle terminal, 20-35 cm long; White flowers; Sepals and petals are in multiple rounds, 3 in each round. The outer wheel is small, elliptical triangle, and the inner wheel is large and elliptical. Ovary 1 room, with 2 ovules. Berries are spherical, bright red and occasionally yellow; Seeds hemispherical. The flowering period is May-July, and the fruiting period is 8-65438+1October.
Originally from China and Japan, it is now widely cultivated for viewing.
Garden use: clustered in front of quadrangles, at the edge of grass or at the corner of garden road.
The whole plant is used as medicine to relieve cough; Roots, branches and leaves can strengthen tendons and activate collaterals, diminish inflammation and detoxify; Seeds contain fatty oil; Wood is hard and can be used as a small carving material. The fruit contains alkaloids such as tetrandrine, South Ding Ning and glucose. Leaves contain tannins and protein; Bark contains berberine. Sexual preference for warm, humid and well-ventilated environment, neutral loam with good drainage is the most suitable soil, and the propagation is mainly by branching method, and cuttings can also be used.
Alias daytime bamboo, Tianzhu, Tianzhu, Nantianzhu, Scutellaria baicalensis and Diamond Yellow.
It comes from Nandianzhu. The roots, stems and fruits of the genus nandina of Berberidaceae are used as medicine. Roots and stems can be harvested, sliced and dried all year round. Pick fruits in autumn and winter and dry them.
Sexual taste orientation
Roots and stems: bitter, cold.
Fruit: bitter, flat. A little poisonous.
Functional indication
Rhizome: clearing away heat and dampness, dredging meridians and activating collaterals. It can be used for treating common cold and fever, conjunctivitis, cough due to lung heat, damp-heat jaundice, acute gastroenteritis, urinary tract infection and traumatic injury.
Fruit: relieving cough and asthma. Used for cough, asthma and whooping cough.
Usage and dosage are 0.3 ~1for roots and stems; Fruit is 3 yuan.
Excerpted from the National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine
Nandina
(1) Overview
Alias bamboo, cat umbrella, diamond sulfur, small iron tree and so on.
It belongs to Nandina domestica. Its roots, stems, leaves and fruits are medicinal. Roots, stems and leaves are bitter and cold. It has the effects of clearing away heat, eliminating dampness and relieving cough, and is mainly used for treating common cold, fever and cough due to lung heat. Diseases such as damp-heat jaundice. The fruit is sweet and sour, mild in nature and low in toxicity, and has the functions of relieving cough and asthma, clearing liver and improving eyesight. Can be used for treating chronic cough, asthma, pertussis, malaria and chancre ulcer. Distributed in Hebei, Shandong, Hubei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan and other provinces.
(2) Plant characteristics
Evergreen shrub, about 200 cm tall. The stem is erect, with few branches, and the young branches are often red. Leaves alternate, usually concentrated in leaf sheaths; 3 ~ 5 leaflets, elliptic-lanceolate, 3 ~ 10 cm long. White flowers bloom in summer and large panicles are terminal. Berry is spherical, bright red when ripe, occasionally yellow, with a diameter of 0.6 ~ 0.7 cm, containing 2 seeds, and the seeds are oblate. The flowering period is from May to June, and the fruit ripens in10 ~165438+1October.
(3) Growth characteristics
Wild in sparse forests and bushes, also planted in gardens. I like a warm and humid climate, neither cold nor dry. Like light, resistant to shade, leaves turn red under strong light. Suitable for the growth of sandy loam containing humus.
(4) Cultivation techniques
1. Land selection and preparation
Choose sandy loam with deep soil layer, fertile soil and good irrigation and drainage. Neutral and slightly alkaline soils with good drainage on hillsides can also be planted. It can also be cultivated in the gap in the corner. Before planting, make a low bed or a high bed with a width of 120 ~ 150 cm.
2. Breeding method
Propagation by seeds and ramets.
(1) seed propagation
Collect seeds in autumn and sow immediately after harvest. On the whole seedbed, furrow was dug, the row spacing was 33 cm, the depth of furrow was about 10 cm, and the sowing amount was 90- 120 kg per hectare. After sowing, cover plant ash and fine soil and compact. In the second year, the seedlings grow slowly, so it is necessary to weed frequently, loosen the soil and apply light human and animal manure. Pay attention to intertillage weeding every year in the future. Topdressing, after 3 years of cultivation, can be planted in the nursery. Transplantation should be carried out after the spring rain. The plant spacing is 100 cm. Dig out the seedlings with soil before planting. If you can't take them away, you must use fine mud roots to survive after planting.
(2) ramet propagation
When digging roots in winter, cut off the seedlings with roots in the old plants and plant them. The cultivation method is the same as the seed propagation method.
3. Tian Tuan management
In the first year after planting, weed and topdressing 1 time in spring, summer and winter, and replant the seedlings when they are short. After that, plough and weed only in spring or winter every year, and topdressing 1 time.
(5) harvesting and processing
After planting for 4 ~ 5 years, some old stems can be harvested in winter. After 6 ~ 7 years, you can dig up the whole plant, shake off the soil, remove the leaves, break the stems and roots into thin slices and dry them for later use. 10 ~165438+10, harvesting when the fruit turns red or yellow-white, and drying in the sun for later use.
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Nandianzhu bonsai
Bonsai materials
Name: South Tianzhu Bonsai Style School: Lingnan School Bonsai
Category: bonsai trees
Kensuke
Nandina domestica is a common horticultural variety, with red bamboo, which is widely cultivated in various places at present. The young leaves are red and gradually turn green. If you get more sunshine, green will turn red. People's red fruits are like corals in winter. Phyllanthus urinaria, also known as Phyllanthus urinaria, is yellow, shiny when it matures, and its leaves are colored in winter.
Decorative application
Nandina domestica is an evergreen shrub, which blooms in late spring and early summer and bears fruit in autumn. It is named because it can be cultivated in the open field in the south of the Yangtze River. Nandina domestica has many branches, tall and straight, and its compound leaves are as flat as feathers, forming a natural tree shape, which looks like bamboo, so it is also called Tianzhu. Among the green patches, there are many red fruits, which add indoor spring scenery in the severe winter and have considerable scenery.
Nandina domestica is a common horticultural variety, with red bamboo, which is widely cultivated in various places at present. The young leaves are red and gradually turn green. If you get more sunshine, green will turn red. People's red fruits are like corals in winter. Nandina domestica, also known as Alpine Bamboo, has ripe and shiny yellow fruit, yellow leaves in winter and excellent ornamental value. Nandina multicolor is a deciduous variety, and most of it does not bear fruit. Its plants are short, its leaves are soft, and its color changes with the seasons, from white to yellow, blue, red and purple. It has high ornamental value and is a good material for making bonsai. Nandina domestica is a rare blue fruit variety.
nurse
No matter what form the Nandina domestica bonsai is made, the plants should be dug out before the new buds germinate in the middle and early March, trimmed and shaped, planted in a semi-shady, semi-sunny, cool and humid place for cultivation, and dug out at the end of March next year. The flowerpot is made of cooked cow dung, vegetable garden soil and mountain mud in a ratio of 3: 3: 4. Good nandina bamboo bonsai; Keep in a semi-cool, cool and humid environment for maintenance. In places with strong sunshine, or where there is no sunshine all day, the growth is weak and the results are few. The flowering period of Nandina domestica is from mid-May to early June. At this time, the Yangtze River basin enters the rainy season, and it often does not pollinate or sow. In order to create pollination conditions, bonsai can be temporarily placed under the eaves when it rains for a long time. Before winter, move indoors for wintering maintenance to prevent leaves from falling off.
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As for red bamboo, it should be southern bamboo:
Nandina domestica is a common horticultural variety, with red bamboo, which is widely cultivated in various places at present. The young leaves are red and gradually turn green. If you get more sunshine, green will turn red. People's red fruits are like corals in winter.