Speaking of winter pruning of fruit trees, fruit farmers generally believe that pruning can be carried out after defoliation in winter and before germination in spring. Therefore, many fruit farmers prune when they have time, and postpone pruning when they have no time. In fact, this is not scientific enough.

Experiments show that pruning apple trees in winter has different effects. For example, apple trees pruned after severe cold and before spring sap flow have strong growth potential, good fruit and high yield in the second year, and have strong resistance to adverse external environmental conditions such as low temperature and drought. It is observed that the earlier pruning in this period, the more conducive to promoting the growth of trees, and the later pruning time, the smaller the effect.

Generally, the pruning time of apple trees in winter is1from mid-October to early March. Too early, the incision is vulnerable to freezing damage, forming a dry pile; If it is too late, it will weaken the tree.

Specifically, different varieties have different winter shearing periods. For example, Hong Kui, Huang Kui and Zhu Guang germinated earlier; Marshal, golden crown, ruby and green banana germinated late; Red Fuji and Guoguang germinate at the latest. When pruning, cut the varieties that germinate early and mature early, and then cut the varieties that germinate late and mature late.

The suitable pruning period is different for the same variety with different tree ages and tree vigor. Generally, strong trees germinate early, so they should be cut early, weak trees should be cut late, adult trees should be cut early, and early trees should be cut late; Trees damaged by pests and diseases are pruned late, and leafy trees can be pruned until they germinate.

The same variety has different growth conditions and different pruning periods. Generally, if the soil is fertile and irrigation is convenient, it is necessary to cut it early; In mountainous and hilly areas with poor soil, poor structure and high groundwater level, the sunny slope should be cut first and then the shady slope should be cut. In the shady orchard, protective agent should be coated on the cutting mouth to avoid freezing and air drying.

2. Do you want to observe it before cutting in winter?

Observation: (1) Observe variety characteristics (2) Observe tree vigor (3) Observe flower buds (4) Observe pruning reaction.

Pruning: (1) Cut off diseased branches and insect branches. For diseases and pests that overwinter in trees, combining with winter scissors, all branches of diseases and pests are cut off, burned or buried deeply, and the whole garden is sprayed with disinfectant, which can obviously reduce the harm in the coming year.

(2) Scrape the rough old bark. A large number of overwintering bacteria and pests often lurk in the gaps between the thick old bark and trunk of fruit trees. Scraping rough bark and burying the scraped bark deeply have a good control effect on many kinds of pests and diseases, and even can completely eliminate some pests.