The planting method of peaches is as follows:

Seedling selection

According to the soil, climate, management level and local market conditions, select excellent varieties with high yield and right production and marketing, and do a good job in matching early, middle and late maturity varieties.

Garden construction and planting

Selecte slightly acidic sandy soil or sandy loam with good drainage, deep soil layer and PH value of 5.5-6.5, and dig big holes for planting; Terraces should be built on low hills and slopes, with planting density of 40-50 plants per mu in flat land and 50-60 plants in mountainous areas.

Fertilization and topdressing

It is recommended to apply base fertilizer in winter and autumn, mainly organic fertilizer, accounting for 60% ~ 70% of the annual fertilization. Generally, 2000kg or150kg of base fertilizer is applied per mu; Apply 10% special fertilizer for fruit trees per mu. The frequency, time and dosage of topdressing vary according to varieties, tree ages, cultivation management methods, growth and development periods and external conditions. Generally, pre-bud fertilizer, strong fruit fertilizer and post-harvest fertilizer are the main fertilizers. In addition, topdressing outside the roots is a necessary supplement to soil fertilization. Because peach trees are sensitive to trace elements, they are prone to temporary relative deficiency. Therefore, 0.2% boric acid aqueous solution was sprayed at the initial flowering stage, 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 ~ 2 times according to different varieties from late May to early September, and 0.2% ~ 0.3% calcium nitrate was sprayed at the middle growth stage of fruits.

control of insect

To prevent and control diseases, we must first clear the garden in winter and remove diseased branches and leaves in time in combination with winter pruning; Before and after beginning of winter, the trunk was painted white; Spraying Pomei 5-degree sulfur mixture before germination in early spring to control brown rot, anthracnose, scab, leaf shrinkage and other diseases in the growing period. Pests that harm peach trees include aphids, pear moth, green leafhopper, peach moth, thorn moth, military pest, mulberry white scale and so on. , should be sprayed in time according to the situation.

Plastic trimming

(1) Tree and tree structure: Tree is naturally happy with three main branches. Tree structure: the height of adult trees is about 2.5 ~ 3 meters, the trunk is 30 ~ 40 cm high, and there are three main branches, each of which occupies the direction of 120. Each main branch is equipped with 1 ~ 2 auxiliary branches, and the opening angle is about 75.

(2) Tree culture: the stem should be fixed at 50 ~ 60 cm in the year of planting, and there should be more than three robust buds in the plastic belt under the incision. In the first year of growth after planting, new shoots with strong growth and good orientation are selected as main branches for cultivation, and the remaining new shoots can be thinned or twisted as auxiliary branches. In the second year after planting, select strong lateral branches 50 ~ 60 cm away from the main branches with good opening angle, cultivate auxiliary main branches, and cultivate large and small fruiting branches on both main branches and auxiliary main branches.

(3) Pruning: Pruning during hibernation (winter). It can be carried out after defoliation and before germination, and pruning adopts the combination of short cutting and thinning, as well as measures such as long laying, shrinking branches and winding branches. Pruning of fruit branches: long fruit branches, about one-third of the branch length; The middle fruit branches are generally not short except for sparse branches and dense branches; Short fruit branches should be left 10 cm/branch. The amount of branches left depends on geographical conditions, management level, tree age, tree potential and yield requirements. Pruning in growth period mainly includes technical measures such as re-pruning, de-sprouting, thinning, twisting, pinching, pulling, cutting tips and moving branches after flowering.

Fruit management

Peach has a high fruit setting rate, so it is necessary to thin the fruit and control the fruit retention. Fruit thinning should be carried out twice, from late April to early May and middle and late May respectively. Generally, short fruit branches leave 1 fruit, middle fruit branches leave 2 fruits, and long fruit branches leave 3 ~ 5 fruits. Spraying and bagging in time after fruit setting. The harvest time of fruit depends on the characteristics of varieties, and it is appropriate to harvest eight-ripe fruits.