plant
Guava varieties with early maturity and poor soil quality can be planted with row spacing of 4m× 4m; Middle-late maturing varieties, fertile soil, can be planted with row spacing of 6 m× 4 m or 5 m× 5 m, combined with soil improvement, dig 80 cm wide planting holes and bury weeds, green manure, organic fertilizer and lime in layers. After backfilling, it should be more than 20 cm above the ground. It is best to apply base fertilizer 1 month in advance and backfill the planting hole, which is beneficial to the soil settlement of the planting hole and avoids the settlement after planting, resulting in overgrowth. After planting, cover the trees with grass and water them thoroughly. When there are too many sharp leaves, some leaves can be cut off to reduce water consumption. After planting, erect columns to prevent the wind from shaking and breaking the branchlets.
decrease
Pruning and shaping, dwarfing the crown, cutting off the seedlings when they are 50-60 cm high after planting to promote new shoots. Select 3-4 oblique branches with uniform distribution and suitable branching angle as main branches, cut the main branches by 30-40 cm, and select 2-3 branches as auxiliary main branches. Then the bearing branches are cultivated on the main branches and auxiliary main branches. This can form a round crown with short trunk and many main branches, short tree shape and many effective branches.
Abundant water
The quality of guava fruit is closely related to fertilization, and the taste of fruit with organic fertilizer is obviously different from that with chemical fertilizer. Therefore, it is necessary to use organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer reasonably. In 1 year, 2 kg of ternary compound fertilizer (the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are all 15%), 0.2 kg of soybean bran 1 kg (or equivalent organic fertilizers such as chicken manure and pig manure), 0.2 kg of potassium sulfate and 0.5 kg of shell ash are applied to each plant; In the second year of planting, the amount of fertilizer applied in the previous year increased by 1 times; In the third year of planting, the amount of fertilization does not increase, but it can also increase according to the tree potential and yield.
Young tree application: topdressing is based on the principle of diligent application and thin application. Generally, new shoots are fertilized twice for every 65,438+0 times of culture, and 65,438+0 times for new shoots sprouting and when the new shoots are 40 cm long, respectively, mainly available nitrogen. 2.5-5.0 kg of 0.3% urea liquid fertilizer or 25 g of urea and 50 g of potassium fertilizer are applied to each plant.
Results Fertilization of trees: ① Fertilizer for promoting shoots and flowers: after each shoot cutting and flower promotion, ternary compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents are all 65,438+05%) was applied, accounting for 30% of the annual fertilization, and lime powder was 65,438+0 kg; ② Applying ternary compound fertilizer and potassium sulfate during the fruit growing period, accounting for 30% of the annual fertilization; ③ Before fruit picking, decomposed livestock manure, farmyard manure or peanut bran should be applied, accounting for 40% of the annual fertilization, and chemical fertilizer should be stopped at this time; ④ foliar fertilizer should be sprayed with 0.5% magnesium sulfate, 0. 1% boric acid or 0.2% borax solution 1-2 times at an interval of 7- 10 days, or topdressing outside the roots according to the lack of nutrients. Pay attention to drainage in rainy season and irrigation in dry season. In winter, deep ditches in orchards store shallow water. After winter, the frame can be covered with plastic film to keep warm and moisturize.