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The fruit is spherical or oval, with a diameter of1.5-2cm; Seeds obovate, short and round at the top and short beak at the base. Umbilical cord is oval, located in the middle of the back of the seed, with slightly raised ridge on the ventral surface and wide furrows on both sides, reaching 1/4 of the seed. The flowering period is April-May and the fruiting period is August-September.
The lowest temperature required for grape growth is about 12℃- 15℃, and the lowest ground temperature is about new shoots or vegetative branches. Branches can be divided into long branches, common branches, slender branches and leafy branches according to their growth. The flower buds of apples are mixed buds. Axillary flower buds are buds formed in the axils of leaves of branches of the same year, and those that can blossom and bear fruit in the next year are called axillary flower buds. The flower bud differentiation of most apple varieties began in early June and ended before winter. The whole process is divided into three stages: physiological differentiation, morphological differentiation and sexual cell maturation. The flower buds are mixed buds and the inflorescences are corymbose cymes. 5-7 flowers per inflorescence.
bloom and bear fruit—yield positive results
Flowering: The flowering period of apples varies greatly due to different climates. Usually from April to May,
There are 3 ~ 7 flowers in each bud, and the central flower blooms first. Apple is a cross-pollinated plant, and most varieties cannot bear fruit by themselves. The proportion of various fruiting branches varies with the age and species of trees. Usually, young trees have more long fruit branches and middle fruit branches. With the increase of tree age, the proportion of short fruit branches increased rapidly, reaching more than 70% in the full fruit period, and almost all of them were short fruit branches in the aging period. From the variety point of view, Jin Shuai and other varieties have more long fruit branches and medium fruit branches, and varieties such as Starkrimson and Red Fuji have a large proportion of short fruit branches, and varieties such as Liaofu are easy to form axillary buds.
Fruit setting: the normal fruit of apple, each fruit has 5 ventricles, and each ventricle has 2 seeds. During fruit development, seeds secrete hormones to stimulate pulp growth, so pollination is good, seeds are full and full, fruit shape is correct, and pulp is full; On the other hand, on the side with poor seed development or no seed, the pulp becomes thin and deformed, so pollination trees must be arranged to improve the pollination effect. [ 1]
Fruit quality
Apple fruit is a fake fruit developed from ovary and receptacle, in which ovary develops into heart, receptacle develops into meat and embryo develops into seed. The volume expansion of fruit depends on the increase of the number of rapidly dividing cells in the early stage and the volume expansion of cells in the later stage.
The volume expansion of fruit is faster in the middle period to before ripening, slower in the early and late period, and the fruit weight increases fastest in the month before ripening. The length of fruit development period is generally 65 ~ 87 days for early-maturing varieties, 90 ~ 133 days for middle-maturing varieties and 137 ~ 168 days for late-maturing varieties. Fruit color is an important indicator of commodities. The quality of apple coloring is closely related to the accumulation of sugar, the coordination of mineral elements, environmental conditions, and the types and contents of hormones.
Controlling application of nitrogen fertilizer, increasing application of potassium fertilizer, reducing chlorophyll in peel, improving ventilation and light transmission conditions, improving sunshine, good drainage, reducing air humidity and spraying NAA and 2.4-D hormone can all promote apple coloring.
From the appearance of buds to the harvest of fruits, apples usually have four flowers and fruits. The first time in the final flowering period, the pedicel falls off with withering, which is usually called falling flower. The second time, about a week after flower dropping, the ovary is slightly enlarged and lasts for 5 ~ 20 days, which is called early fruit dropping. 7 ~ 14 days after the third and second fruit drop, the fruit has reached the size of thumb nail, which has a great influence on the yield, so it is called physiological fruit drop. Yunnan usually occurs in May, and the phenology in the north is later than that in Yunnan, which occurs in June, so it is called "June fruit drop".
The fourth time, before the fruit is harvested, the mature or nearly mature fruit is dropped, so it is called pre-harvest fruit drop. The first and second falling flowers and fruits are mainly caused by insufficient nutrition and poor pollination and fertilization. The third fruit drop is caused by the fierce competition for nutrients among fruits and the lack of auxin in embryos. Because the osmotic pressure of leaves is greater than that of young fruits, the power to compete for nutrients is stronger than that of young fruits. Therefore, in addition to pinching and pruning branches to inhibit the growth of new shoots, it is necessary to apply huafei to supplement nutrients in time. [ 1]
Fruit development
Apple peel color can be divided into background color and surface color. When the fruit is immature, the background color of the peel is generally dark green, and there are three situations when the fruit is mature:
1. Green fades or even disappears completely, and the background color is red.
2. Green will not fade completely, resulting in yellow-green or yellow-green background color.
3. Green doesn't fade at all, it is still dark green.
When the fruit is ripe, the surface color of the peel is generally red, green and Huang San, and there are other colors, but they are rare.
The main pigments that determine the color of fruits are chlorophyll, carotene and anthocyanin.
The volume expansion of fruit is faster in the middle period to before ripening, slower in the early and late period, and the fruit weight increases fastest in the month before ripening. The length of fruit development period is generally 65 ~ 87 days for early-maturing varieties, 90 ~ 133 days for middle-maturing varieties and 137 ~ 168 days for late-maturing varieties. Fruit color is an important indicator of commodities. The quality of apple coloring is closely related to the accumulation of sugar, the coordination of mineral elements, environmental conditions, and the types and contents of hormones.
Controlling application of nitrogen fertilizer, increasing application of potassium fertilizer, reducing chlorophyll in peel, improving ventilation and light transmission conditions, improving sunshine, good drainage, reducing air humidity and spraying NAA and 2.4-D hormone can all promote apple coloring.
From the appearance of buds to the harvest of fruits, apples usually have four flowers and fruits. The first time in the final flowering period, the pedicel falls off with withering, which is usually called falling flower. The second time, about a week after flower dropping, the ovary is slightly enlarged and lasts for 5 ~ 20 days, which is called early fruit dropping. 7 ~ 14 days after the third and second fruit drop, the fruit has reached the size of thumb nail, which has a great influence on the yield, so it is called physiological fruit drop. Yunnan usually occurs in May, and the phenology in the north is later than that in Yunnan, which occurs in June, so it is called "June fruit drop".
The fourth time, before the fruit is harvested, the mature or nearly mature fruit is dropped, so it is called pre-harvest fruit drop. The first and second falling flowers and fruits are mainly caused by insufficient nutrition and poor pollination and fertilization. The third fruit drop is caused by the fierce competition for nutrients among fruits and the lack of auxin in embryos. Because the osmotic pressure of leaves is greater than that of young fruits, the power to compete for nutrients is stronger than that of young fruits. Therefore, in addition to pinching and pruning branches to inhibit the growth of new shoots, it is necessary to apply huafei to supplement nutrients in time. [ 1]
Fruit development
Apple peel color can be divided into background color and surface color. When the fruit is immature, the background color of the peel is generally dark green, and there are three situations when the fruit is mature:
1. Green fades or even disappears completely, and the background color is red.
2. Green will not fade completely, resulting in yellow-green or yellow-green background color.
3. Green doesn't fade at all, it is still dark green.
When the fruit is ripe, the surface color of the peel is generally red, green and Huang San, and there are other colors, but they are rare.
The main pigments that determine the color of fruits are chlorophyll, carotene, anthocyanins and flavonoids. Anthocyanin is an extremely unstable water-soluble pigment, which mainly exists in cell fluid or cytoplasm. It is red at low pH, lavender at neutral and blue at alkaline. When it is combined with different metal ions, it will also show various colors, so fruits can show various complex colors.
Factors affecting the formation of anthocyanins
In addition to the heredity of varieties, the sugar content in fruits is the main factor affecting the formation of anthocyanins in apples. Anthocyanins are proanthocyanidins formed when pentose breathes violently. In addition, anthocyanins often combine with sugar to form anthocyanins in fruits. Therefore, the development of anthocyanins is closely related to the sugar content. Any factors that affect the synthesis and accumulation of sugar will affect the development of anthocyanins. Trees are called "living water" because of their high nutritional level and reasonable absorption by human body, which is beneficial to dissolve sulfur and make skin smooth and tender. Apple contains copper, iodine, manganese, zinc, potassium and other elements. Without these elements, the skin will be dry, fragile and itchy.
Vitamin C in apples is a protector of cardiovascular system and a healthy element for patients with heart disease.
People who eat more apples are much less likely to catch a cold than those who don't eat or eat less apples. Therefore, some scientists and doctors call apples "all-round healthy fruits" or "general practitioners". The air pollution is serious. Eating more apples can improve the respiratory system and lung function and protect the lungs from dust and smoke in the air. ? [7]?
Pectin: It belongs to soluble fiber, which promotes cholesterol metabolism, lowers cholesterol level and promotes fat excretion.
The cutting effect after film mulching is better. No matter which cutting method is adopted, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the upper end of the cutting does not protrude too long from the ground, and at the same time, it is necessary to prevent the cutting from being inserted and avoid the variety from being mixed.
Cutting shall be started when the local soil temperature (15-20cm) is stable above 10℃. In North China, it is usually from late March to early April, but in North China, it is not until mid-April that cutting seedlings can be carried out in the open field.
During the period from cutting to producing new roots, soil drought must be prevented. Generally 10 days or so 1 time. Water the cohesive soil less often. If you water too much, the soil will be too wet, the ground temperature will decrease, and the poor air permeability of the soil will also affect the rooting of cuttings. Strengthen fertilizer and water management after cuttings take root. In the first half of July, the seedlings enter the stage of rapid growth, and then the quick-acting fertilizer should be applied 2-3 times. In order to make the branches fully mature, irrigation and fertilization should be stopped or reduced from late July to August, and at the same time, pest control should be strengthened, and the main shoots and auxiliary shoots should be cored to ensure the healthy growth of seedlings and promote the growth of strong seedlings. During the growth of seedlings, it is necessary to plough and weed in time, improve soil ventilation conditions and promote root growth.
Cutting in the open field is the simplest method of raising seedlings, with low cost and easy popularization. However, if the management is improper, the survival rate and emergence rate of cuttings are low. In addition, the growth period of seedlings is short and the quality of seedlings is relatively poor by cutting in the open field. Generally, 6000-7000 plants are cut every 666.7 square meters in the open field, and the seedling rate is 60%-70%. ? [6]?
The improved Nehalem core is adopted, based on 45nm technology and native quad-core design, with built-in 8- 12MB three-level cache. Intel Hyper-Threading Technology is introduced into LGA 1366 platform again, and QPI bus technology replaces the front-end bus design that has been used since Pentium 4 era. The most important thing is that LGA 1366 platform supports three-channel memory design, which greatly improves the actual performance, which is also a big difference between LGA 1366 flagship platform and other platforms in positioning.
As the representative of high-end flagship, the processors of LGA 1366 interface mainly include 45nm Bloomfield Core i7 quad-core processors. With the 20 10 Intel entering the 32nm process, the representative of the high-end flagship was replaced by the Core i7-980X processor. The brand-new 32nm process solves the six-core technology and has the most powerful performance. For users who are ready to build a high-end platform, LGA 1366 still occupies the high-end market, and Core i7-980X and Core i7-950 are still good choices.
Core i5 is a quad-core processor based on Nehalem architecture, which adopts integrated memory controller and three-level cache mode, L3 reaches 8MB, and supports the new processor computer configuration of Turbo Boost and other technologies. The main difference between it and Core i7(Bloomfield) is that the bus does not use QPI, but uses mature DMI (Direct Media Interface), and only supports dual-channel DDR3 memory. LGA 1 156 interface is adopted in the structure, and i5 has turbo technology, which can overclock under certain conditions. The processors with LGA 1 156 interface cover different users from entry-level to high-end, and the 32nm process brings lower power consumption and better performance. The mainstream representative is Core i5-650/760, and the middle and high-end representative is Core i7-870/870K. We can clearly see Intel's positioning distinction in product naming. But overall, the high-end LGA 1 156 processor is more worth buying than the low-end entry. Faced with AMD's low-cost strategy, Intel Core i3 series processors can't match it in cost performance. The performance of LGA 1 156 high-end products is more eye-catching.
Core i3 can be regarded as a further simplified version (or castrated version) of Core i5, and there will be a 32nm process version (development code-named Clarkdale, based on Westmere architecture). The biggest feature of Core i3 is the integration of GPU (graphics processor), which means that Core i3 will be encapsulated by two cores: CPU and GPU. Due to the limited performance of integrated GPU, users can add graphics cards if they want to get better 3D performance. It is worth noting that even in Clarkdale, the manufacturing process of the display core will still be 45 nanometers. The biggest difference between i3 i5 is that i3 has no turbo technology. Represented by Core i3-530/540.
20 10 in June, Intel once again released the revolutionary processor-the second generation Core i3/i5/i7. The second-generation Core i3/i5/i7 belongs to the second-generation intelligent Core family, all of which are based on the brand-new Sandy Bridge micro-architecture. Compared with the first generation products, it mainly brings five important innovations: 1, and adopts a brand-new 32nm Sandy Bridge micro-architecture, with lower power consumption and stronger performance. 2, built-in high-performance GPU (core graphics card), video coding, graphics performance is stronger. 3, Turbo Boost Technology 2.0, smarter and more efficient. 4. A new ring architecture is introduced, which brings higher bandwidth and lower delay. 5. Brand-new AVX and AES instruction sets strengthen floating-point operation and encryption and decryption operation.
SNB(Sandy Bridge) is a new generation of processor microarchitecture released by Intel at the beginning of 20 1 1. The greatest significance of this architecture lies in redefining the concept of "integrated platform", and the "core graphics card" seamlessly integrated with the processor ends the era of "integrated graphics card". This pioneering work benefits from the brand-new 32 nm manufacturing process. Because the processor under the framework of Sandy Bridge adopts a more advanced 32nm manufacturing process than the previous 45nm process, the power consumption of CPU is further reduced theoretically, and the circuit size and performance are significantly optimized, which creates favorable conditions for the integrated graphics core (core graphics card) and CPU to be packaged on the same substrate. In addition, the second-generation Core also added a brand-new high-definition video processing unit. The speed of video conversion and decoding is directly related to the processor. Due to the addition of high-definition video processing unit, the video processing time of the new generation Core processor is at least 30% longer than that of the old processor. The new generation of Sandy Bridge processor adopts a new interface design of LGA 1 155, which is not compatible with LGA 1 156. Sandy Bridge is a new micro-architecture, which will replace Nehalem, but will still adopt 32 nm process. What's more attractive is that this time, Intel no longer uses "glue" to stick the CPU core and GPU core together, but really combines them into one.
20 12 Beijing planetarium on the afternoon of April 24th, Intel officially released the Ivy Bridge (IVB) processor. 22nm Ivy Bridge will double the number of execution units to a maximum of 24, which will naturally bring about a further leap in performance. Ivy Bridge will add an integrated graphics card supporting DX 1 1. In addition, the newly added XHCI USB3.0 controller * * * enjoys four channels, so it can provide up to four USB3.0, thus supporting native USB 3.0. The production of cpu adopts 3D transistor technology, and the power consumption of CPU will be reduced by half. Ivy Bridge products with 22nm technology will continue the service life of LGA 1 155 platform, so users who intend to buy LGA 1 155 platform will not have to worry about interface upgrade for at least one year.
On June 4th, 20 13, Intel released the fourth-generation CPU "haswell". The pins (CPU sockets) of the fourth-generation CPU were named Intel LGA 1 150, and the motherboards were named eight series chipsets such as Z87, H87 and Q87, among which Z87 was an overclocking player and a high-end customer base. Haswell CPU will be used for laptop, desktop CEO package and DIY component CPU, replacing the current third-generation Ivy Bridge.
1. Young trees should be pruned according to the principle of "giving priority to lightness, paying equal attention to modeling and results, and promoting early yield increase". (1) 2-4-year-old young trees, under the premise of arranging backbone branches, the key point of pruning is to clean up a layer of tightly squeezed branches and straighten the tree shape. According to the planting density, the small crown sparse layer shape (less than 80 plants per mu) and free spinning cocoon shape (more than 80 plants per mu) can be popularized. Small crown and sparse layer shape: select 3-4 main branches in the first layer, clean up the dense branches that affect the growth of the main branches after selection, and clean up 1-2 branches every year, and strive to clean them up in 2 years. Free-spinning reeling shape: 3-4 small main branches are selected every year, and the spacing between the main branches is about 20 cm, and the branches that are too dense are properly loosened. (2) 5-8-year-old young trees have entered the fruiting stage, and the key point of pruning is to clean up the dense branches between layers, improve the lighting conditions of the trees, and make the fruiting parts gradually transition to the backbone branches. Clean up 2-3 crowded places every year, and strive to clean them up in 3 years. After several years of adjustment and cleaning, five main branches, 1-2 auxiliary branches and 10- 13 main branches were preserved in the sparse layer of small crown.
2. Pruning of adult trees The purpose of pruning of adult trees is to "improve the illumination, improve the quality of branches, stabilize the quality and increase the yield". The key point of pruning is to remove two layers of excessively dense large auxiliary branches, large lateral branches and large branches in batches, so that the large branches remaining in two or more layers extend outward as much as possible in a whip shape, and the total branches account for less than 20% of the total branches of the whole tree, which is beneficial to the illumination in the inner room of the first floor. If the crown of the tree is on the high side, it is necessary to gradually bow your head and be happy by the strength of the tree, and the height of the tree should be controlled below 3.5 meters; If the crown has crossed, the densely packed branches should be drained or transformed into small branches, and the branches should be shortened to slow down the outside and promote the inside, or the direction and angle of the main branches should be changed by changing the main branches, so that the crown distance should be kept at about 1 m to improve the lighting conditions of the population and individuals.
Second, cut off the diseased branches and insect branches. According to the survey, many diseases and insect pests that harm apples overwinter on the branches. For the diseases and pests that overwinter in trees, combining with winter shears, all branches of diseases and pests are cut off, burned or buried deeply, which can obviously reduce the harm in the coming year.
Third, scraping the rough old bark In the gap between the rough old bark and trunk of fruit trees, there are often a large number of overwintering bacteria and pests. Scraping rough old bark, burning or burying it deeply has a good control effect on many kinds of pests and diseases, and sometimes even completely eliminates some pests.
Apple is a beauty product, which can not only lose weight, but also make the skin smooth and tender. Apple is a low-calorie food, every 10.
0 g only produces 60 kilocalories; The nutrients in apples are very soluble.
Under suitable temperature conditions, it can be transformed into leaf buds. The apical tissue of vigorous branches can also germinate flower buds under appropriate conditions.
The flower is white, with a huge ovary below. It is about 30 cm long, so it is also called Lady Enforcers. Calyx tubular, about 3 cm wide, with green (sometimes lavender) lobes; With scales 3-8 cm long; Petals are wide, pure white, erect, oblanceolate and entire. Stamens are numerous and slender, up to 700-960, as long as or short as the style. Anthers are milky yellow and filaments are white; Style thick, 0.7-0.8 cm, milky yellow; There are as many as 24 pistil stigma lobes.
The fruit is oblong or ovoid, the peel is red, fleshy, with oval sharp scales at the top, long10-12cm, thick and waxy. The pulp is white or red. There are nearly ten thousand sesame seeds with fragrance, so it is called sesame fruit. ? [ 1]?
Pitaya is named because it looks like an angry red fireball. The pulp inside is like sweet cream, but it is covered with small black seeds. Mild texture and fragrant taste.
Pitaya is a tropical and subtropical fruit, which likes light, shade, heat, drought, fat and barren. It grows rapidly in a warm, humid and sunny environment. When cultivating in the open field in spring and summer, water more to keep the root system growing vigorously. Drainage should be carried out in time in rainy weather to avoid stem rot caused by infection with germs. Its stems can also grow on rocks, and this plant is very wind-resistant. As long as the support is firm, it can resist typhoon.
Pitaya can tolerate low temperature of 0℃ and high temperature of 40℃, and the optimum growth temperature is 25-35℃. Pitaya can adapt to a variety of soils, but neutral soil and weak acid soil with high humus content and water and fertilizer conservation are the best.
The most suitable cutting time is spring. Cuttings were selected from well-grown stems and cut into small pieces with a length of 375px. After the wound is air-dried, it is inserted into the sand bed or cut directly under the support frame and on the side of the cement column. There is no need to water after cutting to keep the soil dry. /kloc-start watering after 0/0. 15-30 days can take root, and the seedbed can be transplanted when the root length is 3- 100px. ? [3]?
transplant
Except ...
(4) Before the grafted seedlings germinate in early spring, the upper rootstock should be cut off at 65438±0cm above the grafted seedlings. Alternatively, the upper rootstock can be cut off at 1 time, that is, a living pile with a length of about 15-20 cm is left above the grafted bud as a support for binding the new shoots, and all the new shoots are cut off after lignification, but the rootstock is cut off at the second time.
grafted seedling
(1) The grafting operation is faster. The longer Daoxiao Noodles is exposed to the air, the easier Daoxiao Noodles will be oxidized and discolored, which will affect meristem division and the lower the survival rate.
(2) The joint between the rootstock and the ear should be tied tightly, so that the rootstock is closely connected with the cambium of the ear to promote survival.
(3) Keeping a certain temperature at the joint after transplantation is one of the keys to form healing tissue.
In addition, intertillage weeding, fertilization, irrigation and pest control should be carried out in time.
Red bean is an annual erect or twining herb. The height is 30-90 cm, and the plants are sparse. Pinnate compound leaves with 3 leaflets; Stipules shield-shaped, arrow-shaped, 0.9- 1.7 cm long; Leaflets ovate to rhomboid-ovate, 5- 10 cm long and 5-8 cm wide, with wide triangular or nearly round apex, lateral oblique, entire or shallow trilobal, with slightly sparse hairs on both sides.
Flowers yellow, about 5 or 6 peanuts at the top of short total pedicel; Pedicel is very short; Bracteoles lanceolate, 6-8 mm long; Calyx campanulate, 3-4 mm long; Corolla about 9 mm long, flag oblate or nearly kidney-shaped, often slightly skewed, with a concave top. Wing flap is wider than keel flap, and the stem and spike are shorter. The top of the keel flap is bent for nearly half a circle, one of which has a corner bulge in the middle and lower part and a stalk at the base. Ovary linear, style curved, hairy near apex.
Pods are cylindrical, 5-8 cm long and 5-6 mm wide, spreading or recurved, glabrous; Seeds are usually dark red or other colors, rectangular, 5-6 mm long and 4-5 mm wide, truncated at both ends or nearly round, and the hilum is not depressed. It blooms in summer and bears -65438+ 10 in September.
Red beans like temperature, light and waterlogging. The whole growth period should be above 10℃, and the effective accumulated temperature should be 20-25℃. Generally, germination and emergence begin above 8- 12℃. Red beans are sensitive to light. Early sowing prolongs the growth period and does not mature early. Therefore, the introduction from high latitude to low latitude will be premature, while the introduction from low latitude to high latitude will prolong the maturity. The growth length of red beans varies from variety to variety. The shortest growth period can be 60-90 days; The growth period is 80- 120 days. Red beans need water most before and after flowering, and it is easy to drop flowers and pods when they encounter high temperature and drought during flowering and pod setting. Too wet, plants tend to lodging. In the stage of grain bulging and maturity, sunny days are beneficial to photosynthesis and increase grain weight. Red beans grow best in loose soil rich in humus. Red beans planted in the sand are red and shiny. Red beans planted in loam, deep red and dark red. Adzuki bean has strong adaptability to soil and can grow in both slightly acidic and slightly alkaline soil. ? [5]?
Sowing mode
edit
Adzuki bean is an annual leguminous crop, so it is advisable to choose gramineous crops such as wheat, corn and sorghum in the previous crop to avoid multiple cropping with leguminous crops, so as to avoid infection with pests and diseases and reduce production. Like soybeans, the rotation mode should be three-zone rotation or four-zone rotation: wheat, jade and beans (red beans); Wheat, wheat and beans (red beans); Wheat, miscellaneous and beans (red beans); Wheat, wheat, jade and beans (red beans). We should choose barren stubble instead of fertilizer stubble. It can be intercropped with tall crops such as corn, sorghum and sunflower, which can make full use of land and light energy and obtain high economic benefits. It can also be planted in fields, fields and trees. Monocropping, intercropping and interplanting of red beans. Because shade tolerance is mostly intercropping and interplanting, single cropping is rare. The main forms are:
Red beans are interplanted with spring corn, sorghum and millet. The interplanting rate of spring corn and adzuki bean is 1: 1 or 2:2. Generally, after corn seedlings are fixed, red beans are interplanted between rows of corn.
Red beans are mixed with summer corn and summer grain. When sowing summer corn or millet, red beans should be planted at the same time. When fixing seedlings, pay attention to leave a certain number of red bean seedlings between corn plants.
Intercropping cotton with red beans. After the emergence of cotton in spring, sow a row of red beans in the hole of Dahang, and choose small and early-maturing varieties of red beans. This intercropping method is beneficial to ventilation and light transmission at the lower part of cotton, and can reduce the shedding of buds and bolls and peach blossom. Sometimes red beans are replanted on plots where cotton, peanuts, sweet potatoes and other crops lack seedlings.
Spring bud interplanting with red beans. 5-6 red beans are planted on each gully pier in the sweet potato field. Red beans mature early, and are at the peak of the secondary expansion of sweet potato roots at the time of harvest, which does not affect the yield of sweet potatoes and also harvests dozens of kilograms of red beans.
Red beans need more nitrogen fertilizer. Although rhizobia can fix nitrogen, the application of farm manure can significantly increase the yield, especially the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. If base fertilizer is not applied, topdressing available nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer 5-6 days before flowering in the growth period of red beans can promote the increase of flowers and pods and prevent pod dropping. ? [5]?
operate
In order to promote the root system development of adzuki bean at seedling stage, more intertillage should be used to loosen the soil, which is also beneficial to the growth of nodules. When it grows vigorously after flowering, it can be properly topped to remove invalid flower branches, so that nutrients are concentrated in the pod and the seeds are full. Before and after flowering, it is the period when red beans need water most. At this time, lack of water will cause a large number of flowers and pods to fall off. Therefore, water in time in case of drought. Prevention and control of aphids and red spiders in the early growth stage of red beans, prevention and control of stem borers and pod eating in the middle and late growth stage. Control of mung bean weevil during storage. Insect control at a high temperature of 50℃ before storage; Drug fumigation; Hypoxia preservation and other measures. ? [5]?
shop
Spread the red beans without sundries, put them into plastic bags in units of 3-5 kg, add some chopped dried peppers, and seal them. Put the sealed plastic bag in a dry and ventilated place. This method can prevent moisture, mildew and insects, and can keep red beans 1 year. You can also soak red beans in boiling water for more than ten minutes, then take them out to dry and put them in a jar for storage, which can be stored for a long time without insects. Put two or three cloves of garlic in a container or bag filled with red beans, which can be kept from being eaten by insects for 2-3 years.
Red beans mainly contain nutrients such as protein and sugar. Seeds can be eaten, cooked in porridge or made into bean paste. Dry beans contain protein 2 1-23%, fat 0.3% and carbohydrate 65%.
Nutritional components: Every100g of red beans contains protein 21.7g, fat 0.8g, sugar 60.7g, crude fiber 4.9g, calcium 76mg, phosphorus 386mg, iron 45mg, thiamine 0.43mg, riboflavin 0.16mg and nicotinic acid 2.
Lysine: The content of lysine in amino acids is high.
Others: Red beans also contain three kinds of crystalline saponins.
Winter melon and red bean soup
Ingredients: 500 grams of wax gourd and 40 grams of red beans.
Practice: Boil the wax gourd and red beans in two bowls with water and simmer for 20 minutes.
Usage: No or less salt, twice a day, eat melon and drink soup.
Function: diuretic, detumescence and antipyretic. It is suitable for acute nephritis edema and oliguria.
Comments: Wax gourd has low sodium content and is an ideal food for patients with renal edema. Chronic kidney