Family name: Euonymaceae

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Tests show that this species has a strong resistance to sulfur dioxide. Propagation by cutting or cutting. There are many cultivated varieties, the common one is Euonymus japonicus with silver edge and white leaves edge. Boxwood in Phnom Penh with yellow leaves. There are yellow spots on the leaves of boxwood, and some branches are yellow. Buxus maculata has large leaves with bright green and yellow leaves.

[Morphological characteristics]

Buxus macrophylla is a small evergreen tree with slightly quadrangular branchlets, dense branches and spherical crowns. The single leaf is opposite, obovate or elliptic, with blunt teeth at the edge and dark green luster on the surface. Cymes are axillary, with long stems and green and white flowers. Capsule spherical, reddish, aril orange. Common varieties are: Buxus macrophylla with golden leaves in Phnom Penh; Euonymus japonicus leaves have golden spots in the center, which are all important foliage trees.

[Habitual]

Buxus macrophylla is a temperate and subtropical tree species, which is widely cultivated in the central and northern provinces of China and also distributed in Japan. You can spend the winter in the open air in Beijing. Like light, but also more resistant to yin. I like warm and humid climate, and I am cold-resistant. It needs fertile and loose soil and is very resistant to pruning and shaping.

[Cultivation techniques]

Propagation: grafting is the main method, and cutting propagation can also be used (this method is generally not used in production). The rootstock is silk cotton wood. 1, and select the best grafting time. Grafting includes early spring grafting and summer grafting. Grafting in early spring is carried out before germination; Grafting in summer after the scion bud matures. Generally, grafting in early spring is more conducive to the growth of young branches and the formation of crown.

2. Trim and keep the anvil. Pruning and stock protection refers to cutting the silk cotton wood to be grafted, removing most of the original branches of the silk cotton wood, leaving branches suitable for grafting (also called rootstock branches) and cutting them into appropriate lengths.

3. Variety selection and scion collection

3. 1 variety selection. Grafting should be suitable for local climatic conditions, such as Euonymus japonicus, Euonymus japonicus, Euonymus japonicus in Jiaodong and Euonymus japonicus in Hokkaido.

3.2 scion collection. Scions should be annual branches, robust, free from pests and diseases, full of buds and growing upright. Grafting in early spring can make full use of terminal buds for branch grafting, and flower buds should be removed. Grafting improvement in summer and autumn, scion collection should pay attention to bud maturity. The color of the branches is deepened and the leaves are dark green and thick, indicating that the axillary buds are mature well.

4. Grafting method

4. 1 splicing method. In early spring, this method should be used for grafting rootstocks with a diameter less than 3 cm. The splitting length of the rootstock is 3-5 cm. The "wedge head" cut into the splicing part of the scion is 2-3 cm long, and it is required to be straight and smooth, and the lengths of the two inclined planes are the same or slightly different. When inserting, the cortex on one side of the scion is required to be aligned with the cortex of the rootstock; The insertion depth of the scion is based on the alignment of the front cutting edge and the rootstock cutting edge, and the scion should have 2-3 buds. After the connection, the binding should be tight, which can be wrapped with plastic tape first, and then tied with string; Or after the main parts are fixed, wax is applied.

4.2 Skin grafting. There are two methods: cutting grafting and single bud grafting.

Among them, the cutting method of grafting "wedge head" is the same as the splitting method, except that "wedge head" is short and steep, with a long slope of about 2 cm and a short slope 1 cm. When inserting, the longer inclined plane faces the xylem of the rootstock. The cutting method of single bud insertion is: cutting obliquely upward at the position of 1 cm below the bud, cutting to the upper part of the bud together with the xylem, and then cutting the single bud across the upper part of the bud with a 1 knife. The common way of rootstock grafting is T-shaped opening. There is also a "one-point-one-horizontal" opening method for cutting blanks, and a method of directly cutting 1 knife openings at the cutting end of the anvil. Binding after splicing is the same as splitting, and single bud grafting should expose bud eyes.

4.3 Nursing care of incision. With the different grafting sequence, the cuttings of rootstock and the cuttings at the upper end of grafting should be wrapped with plastic tape or waxed to improve the success rate of grafting.

5. Post-grafting management

5. 1 Check the patch in time. The survival rate can be checked in early spring 15-25 days, 7 days in summer and 0/0 days in autumn. Black or brown scions or buds indicate that grafting is unsuccessful. If the survival rate is too low, you can patch it in time.

5.2 Apply enough fertilizer and water to accelerate grafting growth. After grafting, 5-25 kg of farm manure and 0.50-2.50 kg of diammonium phosphate are buried according to the size of the tree. The ring or star fertilization method is adopted, and the ditching depth is 20-40 cm, which can be combined with root cutting to remove some aged lateral roots. After fertilization, watering is enough to keep the root disc moist. Fertilization can also be carried out in advance, that is, grafting in spring is improved in autumn of last year, and fertilization in summer is after early spring.

5.3 Strengthen the care of young branches to prevent the wind from breaking. After grafting, when grafting begins to grow, loosen the dressing slightly, but not completely. When the young branches grow to 10 cm, take a number of sticks or crop straws, half of which are fixed on the trunk or main branches, and the other half are surrounded by young branches, and wrapped with a string to protect the young branches. After the young branches are firmly fixed, cut off the dressing with a knife during grafting to facilitate their growth.

5.4 Remove the budding of rootstocks in time to reduce the competition of grafting for nutrients.

5.5 Grafting and pruning. Topping the clustered grafts at an appropriate height can promote the germination and growth of secondary branches; For branches with vigorous growth and strong competitiveness, methods such as taking branches, pulling and filling are adopted, and pruning methods such as short cutting and thinning are not adopted.

5.6 Management: Seedling transplantation is mostly carried out in March-April in spring, and large seedlings need to be transplanted with soil. The main management work is pruning and shaping. Its branches are easy to sprout after pruning, so it needs pruning several times a year to keep the spherical tree shape.

[Garden use]

Boxwood is a common tree species in the courtyard, with tall stems and large leaves, bright bulbous leaves, green leaves and great pruning resistance. It can be planted by shaping the roadside around the door or as the center of the flower bed. Its variegated leaves are particularly beautiful. High-grade green trees such as villas, communities and parks can also be potted for viewing.