Human body? Gas? What is this? Let's take a look at Chinese medicine's understanding of human qi.

Meaning: Qi is a very fine substance with strong vitality in the human body, and it is one of the basic substances that constitute the human body and maintain human life activities.

Meaning:

① Qi keeps running, promotes and regulates metabolism in human body, and maintains the life process of human body. When the movement of Qi stops, it means the end of life.

② Qi is the power source to stimulate and regulate human life activities, and also the carrier to feel and transmit all kinds of life information.

The concept of qi in TCM;

Qi of human body is a fine substance that can flow in human body. It is not only the basic substance of human body, but also plays a role in promoting and regulating life activities.

The difference between essence and qi in traditional Chinese medicine;

① Essence is the most basic substance that constitutes the human body, and it is also the basic substance that maintains human life activities; Qi is a very fine substance, which is produced by refining and keeps running.

② Essence is the material basis of functional activities of viscera; Qi is the driving force to promote and regulate the physiological functions of viscera.

③ Essence is the origin of human life; Qi is the maintenance of human life.

Classification: The essence of human body is the qi of human body, including Yin Qi and Yang Qi.

(1) Yin Qi is a part of qi, which has the characteristics of cold and depression;

② Yang-qi is a part of qi, which has the characteristics of warmth and excitement.

Significance: Yin and Yang in qi oppose each other, coordinate economy, and promote and regulate the life process of the body.

Generation of qi in human body

The qi of the human body is formed by refining and fusing the natural clear qi inhaled by the lungs. The formation of qi in one body is the result of the comprehensive coordination of spleen, kidney and lung.

(A) the root causes

Source: the innate qi produced by the innate essence, the Shui Gu qi produced by the essence of Shui Gu, and the essence in nature. The latter two are also collectively called acquired qi (that is, ancestral qi), and the three are combined into one qi, which is called Neijing? Popular? .

(1) The innate essence is transformed into the innate qi, which becomes the foundation of human qi and the driving force of life activities. "Difficult Classics" called it? Original gas? Or? Vitality? .

(2) Shui Gu's subtleties come from food and drink, and after being absorbed by the human body, they are transformed into Shui Gu's qi, which is called? Gucci? After spreading all over the body, it becomes the main part of human qi. In addition, the subtle metaplasia of Shui Gu's blood and body fluids can also be used as the source of gasification.

(3) The fresh air from nature needs to rely on the respiratory function of the lungs and the inspiratory function of the kidneys to be inhaled into the body.

(2) Related visceral functions

As far as the source of qi is concerned, whether the qi in human body is sufficient or not depends on the comprehensive coordination of various organs in the whole body, especially the physiological functions of kidney, spleen and stomach and lung.

1. Kidney is the root of vitality.

Meaning: Kidney stores innate essence and is nourished by acquired essence. The innate essence is the main body of kidney essence, and the innate qi (that is, vitality) produced by the innate essence is the basis of human qi.

Physiology: Kidney-qi seals kidney essence to prevent it from losing without reason, while kidney essence stored in the body can be transformed into kidney-qi, and the essence is full.

Pathology: kidney loses its seal, and exhaustion leads to qi failure.

2. Spleen and stomach are the source of anger

Meaning: Spleen governs transport and transformation, stomach governs reception, and * * * completes digestion and absorption of dietary Shui Gu. The rise of temper transforms Shui Gu into blood and body fluid. Shui Gu's subtle essence, its metaplasia blood and body fluid can transform qi, which is collectively called Shui Gu's qi. It spreads all over the viscera and meridians of the whole body and becomes the main source of human qi, so the spleen and stomach are called the source of qi.

Pathology: If the spleen and stomach function is damaged, Shui Gu's delicious food cannot be digested and absorbed, while Shui Gu's lack of gas sources will affect the generation of gas.

3. Lung is the master of anger

Meaning: The lung governs qi, and governs the generation of qi, which plays an important role in the generation of qi.

① Breathing of lung governing qi. By absorbing the respiratory function of turbid qi, the natural clear qi is continuously inhaled into the human body, while the turbid qi is continuously exhaled, thus ensuring the generation and metabolism of qi in the body.

(2) The lungs combine the inhaled clear gas with Shui Gu gas generated by subtle Shui Gu in the temper, thus generating ancestral gas.

Physiology: the accumulation of qi in the chest, taking the diameter of qi to breathe, focusing on the heart pulse to promote blood gas, and storing the abdomen to nourish vitality.

Pathology: Abnormal function of lung governing qi, decreased inhalation of clearing qi, and insufficient generation of endogenous qi, leading to deficiency of qi.

Meaning:

① The physiological function of kidney is closely related to the generation of innate qi, and the physiological functions of spleen, stomach and lung are closely related to the generation of acquired qi. The functions of multiple zang-fu organs are coordinated and closely coordinated, so that the source of qi generation in human body can be continuous and the qi in human body can be fully vigorous.

② Abnormal or disordered physiological functions of any part of viscera such as kidney, spleen and stomach, lung, etc. will affect the generation and function of qi.

The Movement and Gasification of Human Qi

Because of its endless operation, qi stimulates and regulates the metabolism of the body and promotes the life process of the human body. When the movement of qi stops, the gasification process of human metabolism stops, which marks the end of the life process.

(A) the movement of qi

The concept of 1. Qi machine

The movement of qi is called the movement of qi.

2. The basic form and significance of qi movement.

Motion form: there are four basic forms: rising, falling, quitting and entering.

① Ascending refers to the bottom-up operation of qi;

(2) Descending refers to the top-down movement of qi;

(3) Discharge refers to the operation of gas from the inside out;

④ Inflow refers to the movement of qi from the exterior to the interior.

For example:

The primordial qi moves upward from the navel (lower qi sea) and the ancestral qi moves downward from the chest (upper qi sea), which belongs to the ascending and descending movement of qi; During the day, Qi Ying and Stephy moved from the body to the body surface together, and at night, Stephy and Qi Ying moved from the body surface to the internal organs together. This is the movement of Wei Ying's going in and out. Turbid gas in the human body rises to the lungs from bottom to top, and exhales naturally, reflecting the movement of lung gas; Natural clear gas is absorbed by the lung and kidney, reflecting the downward movement of lung gas.

Significance: The ascending and descending movement of Qi is the basis of human life activities. Once it stops, it means the termination of life activities.

3. the movement law of qi in zang-fu organs

It embodies the characteristics of physiological activities of zang-fu organs, and also shows the different trends of qi movement of zang-fu organs.

① When the heart and lungs are in the air, the qi will drop: the heart belongs to fire, located in the south, and should be in summer, which belongs to the yang in the yang, and its rise has dropped;

② Lung belongs to gold, which is located in the west and should be in autumn. It belongs to the deficiency of yin in yang, and the body yang uses yin, so its qi should fall to the right.

③ The position of liver and kidney is low, and the lower one should rise: the kidney belongs to water, located in the north, and should be in the winter, belonging to the Taiyin of Yin in Yin, and its qi drop has risen;

④ The liver belongs to wood, located in the east, and should be in spring. Shaoyang, which belongs to Yang in Yin, uses Yang in body yin, and its qi should rise to the left.

⑤ The spleen and stomach belong to the soil, occupying a central position, governing the four seasons, nourishing the four viscera and mediating the ascending and descending movements of the four viscera. The so-called rising of spleen-qi is the rising of kidney and liver, and the falling of stomach-qi is the falling of heart and lung, so it is called the hub of rising and falling of dirty qi.

4. Manifestations of qi disorder

Meaning: The abnormal movement of qi in and out is called? Qi disorder? .

Poor qi activity? The movement of qi is blocked, blocked, what is this called? Poor qi activity? ;

Depressed? : it's very blocked and the local congestion is unreasonable. Depressed? ;

Anger? : What is the name of gas rising too much or falling too little? Anger? ;

Air trap? : what is it called that the gas rises or falls too much? Air trap? ;

Turn off the gas? : what is it called that the gas is too abundant in it? Turn off the gas? ;

Air lock? What is it called that qi can't reach the outside but stays inside? Air lock?

(2) Gasification

1. The concept of gasification

Concept: Various changes caused by gas movement are called gasification. In traditional Chinese medicine, gasification actually refers to the metabolic process of essence, blood, body fluid and other substances and energy caused by the movement of human qi, which is one of the most basic characteristics of life.

2. The form of gasification

The metabolism of essence, blood and body fluid and their mutual transformation are the basic forms of gasification.

Significance: The orderly process of gasification is the result of the coordination of physiological activities of zang-fu organs.

Function of Qi in Human Body

Qi is not only one of the basic substances that constitute the human body, but also the driving force to promote and regulate the functional activities of zang-fu organs, thus playing a role in maintaining the life process.

(a) the role of promotion and regulation

The promotion of qi refers to the stimulation, excitement and promotion of the yang part of qi.

① Stimulate and promote the growth, development and reproductive function of human body;

② Stimulate and promote the physiological functions of zang-fu organs and meridians;

(3) Stimulate and promote the generation, operation and distribution of essence, blood and body fluid;

④ Stimulate and excite psychological activities.

Regulating effect of qi: refers to the slowing, inhibiting and calming effect of the yin part of qi.

① Inhibit and slow down the growth and reproductive function of human body;

(2) inhibiting and calming the physiological functions of viscera and meridians;

(3) inhibiting and slowing down the generation and transportation of essence, blood and body fluid;

(4) Restrain and quiet mental activities.

(b) heating and cooling effects

Warm function of qi: refers to the function of yang qi to promote heat generation, dispel cold and warm human body.

(1) Warm the body and maintain a relatively constant body temperature;

(2) Warming viscera, meridians, body and orifices, and helping them to carry out normal physiological activities;

(3) Warming the essence, blood and body fluid to help it discharge, circulate and transport the cloth normally. Walking warm, freezing cold? .

Cooling and moistening effect of qi: refers to the effect that the yin part of qi inhibits heat production, eliminates heat and cools the human body.

1 Cool and moisturize the body and maintain a relatively constant body temperature;

(2) Cool and moisten viscera, channels and collaterals, body and orifices, so as to prevent physiological hyperfunction;

③ Cool and moisten the essence, blood and body fluid to prevent its over metabolism and abnormal operation.

(3) Defense function

Qi can not only protect the muscle surface, but also prevent foreign pathogens from invading the human body.

Pathogens can be divided into yin and yang, and healthy qi of human body includes yin and yang.

(1) The positive part of healthy qi can resist the invasion of cold and other yin evils, and can remove the invading yin evils;

(2) The Yin Qi part of vital qi can resist the invasion of yang evil such as fiery heat and dispel the invading yang evil.

fixed

Fixation refers to the fixation, control and domination of qi on blood, body fluid, essence and other liquid substances in the body, so as to prevent them from losing without reason and ensure their normal physiological functions.

① Control the blood to run normally in the pulse to prevent it from escaping from the pulse;

(2) Sweat, urine, saliva, gastric juice and intestinal juice should be firmly ingested, and their secretion and excretion should be controlled so that they can be excreted regularly to prevent excessive discharge and unreasonable loss;

③ Hold the semen firmly to prevent leakage.

Intermediary function

The intermediary function of qi: it means that qi can induce and transmit information and maintain the overall connection of the body.

Significance: Qi is the carrier of life information and the intermediary between the dirty, the body, the organs and the orifices.

Classification of human qi

Qi in human body has different names because of its source, distribution and functional characteristics, which can be generally classified from three levels:

(1) human qi, that is, the qi of one body;

(2) primordial qi, ancestral qi, nourishing qi and defending qi are all components of qi;

(3) Qi of zang-fu organs and Qi of meridians, both of which are composed of innate primordial qi and acquired ancestral qi.

(1) Qi of human body

Meaning: Qi of human body is a very fine substance, which has strong vitality and runs all over the body. Popular? Or? Gas? .

Composition: It is made up of the qi produced by innate essence, the qi produced by Shui Gu essence, and the attractive natural and pure qi.

Function: The qi of human body promotes and regulates the physiological activities of viscera, meridians, body and orifices, the operation, distribution and metabolism of essence, blood and body fluid, and maintains the life activities of human body.

Classification:

① Relatively speaking, the qi of human body is called healthy qi, which has the functions of defense, anti-evil, adjustment and rehabilitation.

(2) From the origin of human qi, the innate refinement is vitality, and the Shui Gu refinement is valley qi.

③ From the distribution position, the human body's qi moves in the pulse for nourishing qi and outside the pulse for defending qi; The grain gas in the chest and the natural clear gas are collectively called zongqi; The qi distributed in zang-fu organs and meridians is called qi of zang-fu organs and qi of meridians.

(2) vitality, ancestral qi, nourishing qi and defending qi.

1. vitality

Meaning: It is the most fundamental and important qi of human body and the motive force of human life activities. Also known as primordial qi, primordial qi and true qi, they have the same connotation and are all innate qi produced by innate essence.

(1) generation and allocation

Generate:

① The primordial qi is mainly produced by the innate essence hidden in the kidney, which is popular in the whole body through triple energizer and rooted in the Ming Gate.

② The innate essence in kidney is influenced by the reproductive essence of parents. After birth, you must be nourished and supplemented by the essence of the spleen and stomach to produce sufficient vitality.

Distribution:

(1) primordial qi spreads all over the body through triple energizer.

② The primordial qi is transformed into kidney essence, which is rooted in Ming-men, circulates all over the body, from the inside to the internal organs and from the outside to the skin, giving full play to its physiological functions and becoming the most fundamental and important qi of the human body.

(2) Physiological function

① Promoting and regulating the growth, development and reproductive function of human body;

② Promote and regulate the physiological activities of viscera, meridians, body and orifices.

Physiology: the rise and fall of vitality is reflected in the natural laws of the body's birth, growth, strength, old age and self.

Pathology: Deficiency of vitality is prone to growth retardation, low reproductive function, premature aging and other pathological changes.

Meaning:

① The primordial qi includes Yuan Yin and Yuanyang, which is the root of Yin and Yang, and the root of Yin and Yang of viscera.

② The primordial qi can not only promote, excite and warm Yuanyang, but also calm, restrain and cool Yuan Yin.

③ Yuan Yin and Yuanyang are in harmony and balance, while Yuan Qi can promote and regulate the physiological functions of viscera, the growth and development of human body and the reproductive function.

(4) vitality is rooted in life gate.

2. Zongqi

Meaning: Zongqi is the qi accumulated in the chest by the combination of valley qi and natural clear qi, which belongs to the category of acquired qi. The generation of clan spirit is directly related to the rise and fall of the whole state of Qi. Where is the ancestral spirit accumulated in the chest? "Spiritual pivot? Five flavors are called. Qihai? Also known as? In the middle? .

(1) generation and allocation

Generate:

① Spleen and stomach transport the essence of Shui Gu, producing the qi of Shui Gu;

② The clear air inhaled by the lungs from nature, and the two combine to form ancestral air.

Distribution:

Zongqi gathers in the chest, passes through the ascending airway (respiratory tract), penetrates the heart pulse, descends along the triple energizer, and spreads all over the body.

(1) On the one hand, the ancestral qi comes from the lung and moves along the throat to promote breathing;

On the one hand, pay attention to the heart pulse and promote blood circulation;

③ The triple energizer is the channel through which all qi runs, and the ancestral qi can also run in the abdomen below the navel along the triple energizer, thus endowing it with innate qi.

(2) Physiological function

(1) Breathing: Take a breathing path to promote the breathing of the lungs. So all breathing, language and vocalization are related to clan spirit. When the clan is full of energy, it breathes slowly and evenly, speaks clearly and has a loud voice. On the other hand, shortness of breath, inability to speak clearly and low voice.

② Promoting blood gas: Zongqi permeates the heart pulse and promotes the blood circulation of the heart. Therefore, the operation of blood, the strength and rhythm of heart beating are all related to the clan spirit. When the ancestral qi is full, the pulse is slow and the rhythm is consistent and powerful. On the contrary, the pulse is fast, irregular or weak.

Xu Lidian: It occurs under the left chest, which is equivalent to the apex of the heart. We can measure the rise and fall of the clan spirit according to the pulsation here: if its pulsation is normal, it is a sign that the clan spirit is full; If its pulse is manic and anxious, it is a great lack of clan spirit; If its pulse disappears, it is the death of the clan.

③ Innate: Zuling, as acquired qi, plays an important role in supporting innate vitality. Taking Sanjiao as the channel, the vitality runs from bottom to top, spreading in the chest and helping the acquired clan spirit; The clan spirit is distributed from top to bottom and accumulates in the abdomen below the navel, which breeds vitality. When the innate and acquired qi meet, they become one.

Step 3: Camping gas

Meaning: Qi that runs in the pulse and has nutritional function. Because of its rich nutrition, it runs endlessly in the pulse, so it is called ying qi. Qi Ying is often used because it is an important part of blood in the pulse, closely related to blood and inseparable. Camp blood? Also called.

(1) generation and allocation

Generation: Nourishing qi comes from Shui Gu with delicate spleen and stomach. The essence of Shuigu is the qi of Shui Gu, in which the essence is partially transformed into Qi Ying, which enters the pulse and runs the whole body.

Distribution: It can be seen that Qi Ying is generated by Shui Gu's essence, which enters the pulse, runs the whole body along the pulse, enters the viscera inside, and reaches the limbs outside, and goes on and on.

(2) Physiological function

① Metaplasia blood: Qi Ying injects pulse and transforms it into blood. Qi Ying blends with body fluid, injects pulse and turns into blood, and the blood volume remains full.

② Nourishing the whole body: Qi Ying flows into the whole body along the blood vessels, and Qi Ying nourishes all the internal organs and limbs.

Significance: The physiological functions of invigorating qi, generating blood and nourishing the whole body are interrelated. If the deficiency of Qi Ying is less, it will lead to malnutrition of zang-fu organs, pathological changes of blood deficiency and decline of physiological function.

Defending qi

Meaning: Wei Qi is the qi that walks outside the pulse and has defensive function. Because it has the function of defending the human body and avoiding the invasion of foreign evils, it is called defending qi.

(1) generation and allocation

Generation: Wei Qi comes from Shui Gu where the spleen and stomach are transported. Shui Gu's elegance became Shui Gu's anger, and some of it became Wei Qi.

Distribution: Wei Qi originates from Shui Gu's essence and runs outside the pulse, which is not limited by the meridians, but the skin is outside, the muscles are inside, and the chest and abdomen organs are inside, which are all over the body.

(2) Physiological function

Defending qi has the physiological functions of defending exogenous pathogens, warming and nourishing the whole body, and regulating acupoints.

(1) Defends against external pathogens, which spread on the muscle surface, playing a defensive role and preventing external pathogens from invading the body. Therefore, when the defensive qi is full, it will protect the muscle surface, and it is not easy to be attacked by exogenous pathogens, while when the defensive qi is weak, it is often easy to feel exogenous pathogens and get sick.

(2) Warming the fur of the whole body, viscera and external muscles to ensure the normal physiological activities of the muscle surface of viscera. Adequate protective gas and warm nutrition can keep the body temperature relatively constant. Wei Qi is insufficient, and the ability of warming and tonifying is weakened, which easily causes pathogenic factors such as wind, cold and dampness to invade the muscle surface, causing cold lesions. However, if the movement of defending qi is blocked locally, stagnant heat can lead to thermal damage.

(3) The ventilator can regulate the opening and closing of the ventilator and promote the controlled excretion of sweat. This is the result of the coordination and balance of Wei Qi's gaze and excitement. Through the normal excretion of sweat, the body temperature is kept relatively constant, thus ensuring the coordination and balance of the internal and external environment of the body. Therefore, when the defensive qi is weak, it is dereliction of duty to adjust the opening and closing of acupoints, and pathological phenomena such as anhidrosis, hyperhidrosis or spontaneous sweating may occur.

The relationship between Qi Ying and Stephy;

① Both invigorating qi and defending qi are derived from Shui Gu's subtlety, and both are generated by the spleen and stomach.

② It is pure in nourishing qi, rich in nutrition, quick and slippery in defending qi, and easy to be popular.

③ Ying-qi moves in the pulse, Wei-qi moves outside the pulse, and Ying-qi moves together: Wei-qi dominates during the day, and Ying-qi moves with Wei-qi from the body surface; In the evening, Qi Ying dominated, and Stephy and Qi Ying moved from the body surface to the internal organs together.

(4) invigorating qi has the function of dissolving blood and nourishing the whole body; Defending qi has the functions of defense, warming and regulating pathogenesis.

Summary: Ying belongs to Yin, Wei belongs to Yang. Because yin and yang in the body must coordinate with each other, the balance between ying and Wei can maintain normal body temperature and sweat secretion, and the human body can have strong anti-evil ability and normal physiological activities of viscera.

(3) Qi of viscera and meridians

Qi of zang-fu organs and qi of meridians are part of qi of the whole body. When the qi of a body is distributed to a zang-fu organ or a meridian, it becomes the qi of a zang-fu organ or a meridian.

1. Qi of viscera

Meaning: It comes from the essence of viscera, or it can be said that the qi of one body is distributed to all viscera.

① Yin Qi of zang-fu organs: it is the part where the qi of zang-fu organs has the functions of cooling, moistening, calming and restraining;

② Yang Qi of zang-fu organs is the part of qi of zang-fu organs that has the functions of warming, ascending and exciting.

Physiology: Yin Qi of zang-fu organs and Yang Qi of zang-fu organs maintain a harmonious and balanced relationship, so the qi of zang-fu organs runs smoothly and orderly, and each performs its duties.

Heart: ① Heart yang has the function of warming the heart pulse, promoting and accelerating the beating of the heart and the relaxation and contraction of blood vessels, and promoting blood circulation; ② Heart yin has the functions of cooling and moistening the heart pulse, calming and slowing down the beating of the heart and vasodilation and contraction, and inhibiting blood circulation.

Significance: If the heart yang and the heart yin are harmonious, the heart beats stably and orderly, the blood vessels are relieved to a certain extent, and the blood runs smoothly.

Lung: ① lung yang dominates warm and abundant; ② Lung yin governs cooling, moistening and lowering.

Significance: If lung yin and lung yang are in harmony, then the declaration of hair and the suppression of blood are complementary, with even breathing and four layers of water essence.

Liver: ① Liver-yang governs warming and rising hair; ② Liver yin governs cooling, moistening and softening.

Significance: the opposition between liver yin and liver yang is the root of each other and coordinated with each other, so that liver qi can achieve its goal.

Spleen: ① Spleen yang can be warm, which promotes the transportation and transformation of Shui Gu; ② Spleen yin can cool and moisten dryness, and inhibit the transport and transformation of Shui Gu.

Significance: When spleen yin and spleen yang are coordinated, Shui Gu will be transformed into subtle energy and distributed throughout the body.

Kidney: ① Kidney yang controls temperature, which can promote human growth, development, reproduction and water-liquid metabolism; ② Kidney yin governs cooling and moistening, which can calm and inhibit human growth, development, reproduction and water-liquid metabolism.

Significance: The coordination of kidney yin and kidney Yang Can can maintain the normal growth and reproduction of human body and make the water-liquid metabolism stable and moderate.

Pathology: Qi deficiency of zang-fu organs, such as deficiency of heart, lung, spleen, liver and kidney. Generally, it will lead to weakness in promotion, adjustment, fixation and defense.

① Yin Qi deficiency of viscera, such as heart yin deficiency, lung yin deficiency, spleen yin deficiency, stomach yin deficiency, liver yin deficiency and kidney yin deficiency. Generally, deficiency-heat syndrome and deficiency-hyperactivity are caused by cooling and moistening dryness and calming the heart;

② Visceral yang deficiency, such as heart yang deficiency, lung yang deficiency, spleen yang deficiency, stomach yang deficiency, liver yang deficiency and kidney yang deficiency. Generally, it leads to deficiency-cold disease and diseases with excessive inhibition due to the decrease of temperature push.

2. Qi of meridians

It is a very delicate substance, its qi runs in the meridian system, and it is the sensor, load and conductor of various stimuli and information. The qi of meridians runs in the meridian system, sensing, loading and conducting various stimuli and information (such as acupuncture, massage and cupping) to reach the diseased site, thus playing a therapeutic role.