Breeding mode
Seeding and seedling raising are the main methods, and tillering or root cutting can also be used. When the fruit is ripe in autumn, it should be harvested, dried and shelled in time. Because the seed coat is hard and difficult to penetrate water, it will not germinate in the next spring if it is not treated, so it can be sown in autumn after shelling and in spring after wet sand is accumulated. Ridge planting is generally used for sowing, and the ridge spacing is 60-70 cm. Because the seed emergence rate is low, the amount of seeds used is large, and the sowing amount is 30-40 kg/mu. Luan tree fruit
brief introduction
Alias:
Luan tree (18) scientific name of lantern tree and cash cow: Luan family, genus: Sapindaceae, Luan tree is a deciduous tree with a height of15m, an approximate spherical crown, a crown width of 8-12m, odd pinnate compound leaves and 7-65438 leaflets. Ornamental value: Luan tree is dignified and tidy, and its leaves, flowers and fruits can be seen, especially suitable for greening avenues and sidewalks.
Edit the morphological characteristics of this paragraph
Luanshu in Dingzhou, Hebei Province
Deciduous tree, about 20 meters high, with nearly spherical crown, gray-brown bark and fine longitudinal cracks; Branchlets are slightly angular, without terminal buds, with obvious lenticels, odd pinnate compound leaves, sometimes some leaflets are deeply divided into incomplete bipinnately compound leaves, up to 40cm long, leaflets are 7- 15cm, ovoid or oblong, with serrated or shallow edges, and the back is pubescent along veins. Large terminal panicle with small golden yellow flowers. The capsule is triangular-ovate, with a sharp tip, reddish brown or orange. The flowering period is from June to September, and the fruiting period is from September to June.
Edit the origin distribution of this part.
Originated in northern and central China. Japan and Korea are also distributed. At present, both Jiangsu Luan tree base and Zhejiang Luan tree base are artificially cultivated.
Edit this growing habit
It is a light-loving and slightly shade-tolerant plant; Cold tolerance; Drought and barren tolerance, strong adaptability, like to grow in calcareous soil, salt tolerance and short-term waterlogging. Deep roots, strong tillering, moderate growth rate, slow growth of young trees, and gradually become faster in the future, with strong tobacco resistance. There are many plants in the Central Plains, especially in Xuchang Yanling. Huang Jinshu
Edit the propagation mode of this paragraph.
Seeding and seedling raising are the main methods, and tillering or root cutting can also be used. When the fruit is ripe in autumn, it should be harvested, dried and shelled in time. Because the seed coat is hard and difficult to penetrate water, it will not germinate in the next spring if it is not treated, so it can be sown in autumn after shelling and in spring after wet sand is accumulated. Ridge planting is generally used for sowing, and the ridge spacing is 60-70 cm. Because the seed emergence rate is low, the amount of seeds used is large, and the sowing amount is 30-40 kg/mu. Luan tree fruit
Edit this section cultivation management
The cultivation and management of Luan tree is relatively simple, and the capsules and seeds should be properly cut off when transplanting.
Taproot and thick lateral root can promote fibrous roots and survive easily. Reproduction: by sowing. Key points of cultivation: Deep and moist soil is the most suitable soil for cultivation. Likes light, can tolerate half shade, and is cold-resistant. Deep root system, strong ability to sprout tillers, drought and barren resistance, short-term water accumulation and strong ability to resist smoke and dust.
Edit the scope of this paragraph.
Most of them are distributed in the whole country, but most of them are found in North China. Most of them are distributed in low mountains and plains below the altitude of 1500m, and the highest altitude can reach 2600m.
Edit this paragraph for garden viewing.
Luan tree in autumn
Luan tree, also known as doctor tree and lantern tree, is a tree species of Luan tree in Sapindaceae. Luan tree is a deciduous tree with regular tree shape and dense and beautiful leaves. In spring, young leaves are mostly red leaves. In summer, the trees are covered with yellow flowers and the autumn leaves turn yellow. The fruit is purple and looks like a lantern. It is very beautiful. Luan tree has strong adaptability and obvious seasonal characteristics, and is an ideal tree species for greening and foliage viewing. It is suitable for shade trees, street trees and landscape trees. In addition, it can also be used to make tannin extract, flowers can be used as yellow dyes, and seeds can be pressed for oil. Luan tree is also a good tree species planted in industrial polluted areas.
Edit the characteristics of Luan tree in this paragraph.
The height of Luan tree is as high as 15m, and its DBH can be as high as1m. The crown is nearly spherical, the bark is grayish brown, and it is finely longitudinally split; Odd-pinnate compound leaves alternate, sometimes some leaflets are deeply divided into incomplete 2-pinnate compound leaves, the leaflets are ovoid or ovoid-elliptic, the apex is pointed or acuminate, the leaf margin is coarsely serrated, and there are often deep lobes near the base; The surface of the leaves is dark green, and the back of the leaves is sometimes hairy along the veins; Flowering from June to July, the flowers are small, golden yellow, large panicles, about 30cm long, and planted at the top of the branches; The fruit ripens from August to September, and the fruit is a hollow capsule. It is covered with three layers of paper-like skin, and each layer is triangular. The whole fruit is like a small lantern. Clusters of conical nectarines covered the crown of the tree. Nectarines are yellow-green when immature and brown when ripe. In winter, they still hang on trees after falling leaves.
Edit the ecological habits of this paragraph.
Luan tree is a positive tree species, which likes light and is slightly tolerant to semi-shade; Cold tolerance (poor Huangshan Luan); Drought and barren tolerance, low humidity, saline-alkali land, short-term waterlogging. Deep roots, strong roots, strong tillering ability, moderate growth, slow growth in childhood, rapid growth in later period, wide adaptability, lax requirements for soil, can grow in slightly acidic and alkaline soil, and likes to grow in calcareous soil. Strong wind resistance, can resist the low temperature of MINUS 25℃, and has strong resistance to dust, sulfur dioxide and ozone. Less pests and diseases, easy to cultivate and manage. Luan tree has a wide range of habitats. Native to North and Central China of China, but also distributed in Japan and South Korea. It is a temperate and subtropical tree species in China, mostly distributed in low mountains and plains below the altitude of 1500m, and the highest altitude can reach 2600 m m, mainly for sowing and propagation, but also for tillering or root cutting. Ornamental characteristics Luan tree leaves in spring, blooms in summer and bears fruit in autumn and winter. At present, it has been widely used as street trees, street trees and garden trees, and can also be used as greening trees in residential areas, factory areas and villages. Huang Jinshu
Edit the common varieties in this paragraph.
There are five kinds of Luan trees, four of which are made in China.
Luan trees in northern China
A common Luan tree in the north is called North Luan tree, which is mostly distributed in North China. The northern Luan tree has been greatly developed and applied. Luan trees occupy a certain proportion in street trees in Beijing. On both sides of Tiananmen Square (from Wang Hongbin to xinhua gate), Luan trees and pines and cypresses complement each other.
Luan tree in Huangshan
Another common and widely distributed Luan tree is the Huangshan Luan tree (var.intergrifola), also known as the famous mountain capsule and the whole-leaf Luan tree, which is mainly produced in the south, middle, south and west of the Yangtze River. Deciduous trees with brownish-red branchlets and dense lenticels. Leaflets 7-9, entire or sparsely serrate. These flowers are yellow. The capsule swells and turns red in autumn. Huangshan Luan tree is mainly produced in Anhui, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi and other provinces, mostly in hills, foothills and valleys. I like light and my childhood is a little tolerant of yin. I like warm and humid climate and fertile soil. The requirements for soil pH value are not strict, and slightly acidic, neutral and saline-alkali soils can grow, preferring to grow in calcareous soil. Deep roots, strong germination, long life and no resistance to pruning. Cold tolerance is average, suitable for planting in the Yangtze River basin or the south. There are few pests and diseases, the growth rate is above the average level, and the tobacco resistance is strong. Its cold tolerance is not as good as that of Luan tree, but its top bud tip is more developed than that of Luan tree, so the habit of false binary branching is not as obvious as that of Luan tree, and it is easier to cultivate a good tree shape. Because of its fast growth (the seedlings planted in that year can grow to 80 ~ 100 cm, and blossom and bear fruit in three to five years), it is smoke-resistant and ornamental in three seasons, and is rapidly developing into a scenic forest tree species in the Yangtze River basin.
Koelreuteria pinnata
Koelreuteriabipinnata is a deciduous tree with a height of 20 meters, yellow flowers and purplish red fruit, which is distributed in south-central and southwest China. It blooms in August, with large capsules and red autumn fruits, with good ornamental effect.
Luan tree with autumn flowers
Luan tree' September', also known as September Luan, is a cultivated variety of Luan tree, a deciduous tree with a height of about 15m, which is an out-and-out native tree species in Beijing. Mainly produced in northern China, it is a common tree species in the plains and low mountains of North China, and also distributed in South Korea and Japan. Most of the leaves are compound leaves, each leaflet is large, and it blooms in August-September, which is easy to distinguish from Luan tree. In late autumn, it is an ideal ornamental street tree and street tree in Beijing, and it can also be used as a tree species for soil and water conservation and afforestation in barren hills. Luan tree in Huangshan
Edit this paragraph for sowing and publicity.
Seed collection
The fruit of Koelreuteria paniculata ripens from September to 10. Select excellent single plants with good growth, straight stem shape, open crown and full fruit as seed-collecting mother trees, and harvest them in time when the fruits are reddish brown or orange and the capsules are not cracked, otherwise they will fall off by themselves. But it should not be picked too early, otherwise the seed germination rate will be low. Because the cold resistance of seeds from different provenances is quite different, local seeds should be used as far as possible to raise seedlings.
Fruit treatment
After the fruit is harvested, peel and pedicel it, and dry it in time or spread it in the shade. After the capsule is cracked, it should be knocked and threshed to screen clean seeds. The seeds are black and spherical, with a diameter of about 0.6cm, the emergence rate is about 20%, the 1000-grain weight is about 150g, and the germination rate is 60% ~ 80%.
Seed storage and pre-sowing treatment
The seed coat of Luan tree is hard and impervious to water. If it doesn't germinate, the next spring sowing will not germinate or the germination rate will be very low. Therefore, it is best to sow in the autumn of that year, so that the seeds can complete the germination stage in the soil, which can save the procedures of seed storage and germination. After a winter, the seedlings were unearthed early, neatly and healthily in the following spring. However, when sowing in autumn, the seeds are placed in the field for too long, and the management of sowing sites is more troublesome. Therefore, the layered method is also used in production. In late autumn, choose places with high and dry terrain, good drainage and leeward and sunny to dig holes. The width of the pit is L ~ 1.5m, and the depth is above the groundwater level and below the frozen layer, about1m.. The length of the nucleus depends on the number of seeds. The bottom of the pit can be paved with 1 layer of gravel or coarse sand, about 10 ~ 20 cm thick, and the pit is inserted 1 sokcho for ventilation. The sterilized seeds are mixed with wet sand and put in into the pit, and the volume ratio of seeds to sand is 1: 3 or 1: 5, or 1 layer of seeds and 1 layer of sand are alternately stacked. Each layer is about 5cm thick. The humidity of the sand should be held together by hand, without water, and it will disperse as soon as you let go. It is installed about 20cm above the ground, covered with 5cm river sand and 10 ~ 20 cm thick straw, and a drainage ditch is dug around. In March of the following year, take out the seeds and sow them directly. About 40 days before sowing, dry seeds are soaked in warm water at 80℃ and mixed with wet sand to accelerate germination. When the number of cracked seeds reaches more than 30%, drilling can be carried out. Sowing: Luan trees are generally raised in the field. Sowing site requires loose and breathable soil, good water retention and drainage performance, certain fertility, and no underground pests and germs. Sowing in spring, ploughing 1 ~ 3 times in autumn and winter is best to promote soil weathering, store water and conserve moisture, and eliminate weeds and pests. The soil preparation should be smooth and fine, and the bottom water should be poured before sowing in arid and rainy areas. Huang Jinshu
The seed germination rate of Koelreuteria paniculata is low, and the seed consumption is large, generally 50 ~ 100 g per square meter. Sow in March in spring, apply base fertilizer on the selected plots, and sprinkle 3000-4000 grams of carbofuran granules or zinc-phosphorus granules per mu to kill insects. Adopting wide-width drilling is not only beneficial to ventilation and light transmission of seedlings, but also convenient for management. After sowing, cover the seeds with a layer of loose fine soil with a thickness of 1 ~ 2 cm to prevent the seeds from drying and losing water or being harmed by birds and animals. Immediately water it with small water, and then cover it with grass, straw and other materials to raise the ground temperature, maintain soil moisture, and prevent weeds from growing and soil hardening. After about 20 days, the seedlings came out and the straw was pulled out.
Cutting seedling
(1) Collection of cuttings: after the trees shed their leaves in autumn, collect the trunk with a basal diameter of 0.5 ~ 2 cm as the seed cuttings, or collect the trunk and long branches of perennial Luan tree as the seed cuttings, and bundle them when collecting. Immediately after completion, bury it with wet soil or wet sand, so that it can be used for cutting without losing water. (2) Cutting: Take out the buried cutting, cut it into small pieces of about 15cm, cross-cut it at the upper incision, cut it at a distance of 1.5cm from the bud, and obliquely cut it at the lower incision. (3) Winter storage of cutting seedlings: The storage place in winter should be in a cool place where water is not easy to accumulate. The depth of the ditch is about 80cm, and the width and length of the ditch depend on the cutting seedlings. Spread a layer of wet sand about 2 ~ 3 cm deep at the bottom of the ditch, and put the cuttings vertically into the sand storage ditch. Pay attention to the direction of leaf buds, put them in a single layer, and then cover them with 50 ~ 60 cm thick wet sand. (4) Cutting: It is best to insert into soil with rich humus, loose soil and good ventilation and water conservation, and apply decomposed organic fertilizer. Prepare in autumn, dig deeply and carefully, level and fine, and harvest in the next spring. The plant spacing is 30cm× 50cm. First punch a hole with a wooden stick and insert it directly. The cuttings exposed 1 ~ 2 buds. (5) Post-planting management: keep soil moisture, properly build shade shed and apply nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, properly irrigate topdressing, and control water and fertilizer during seedling hardening to promote lignification.
Edit the seedling management at this stage.
(1) Shading: Shading time and degree depend on the local temperature and climate conditions at that time, so as to ensure that the seedlings are not damaged by the sun. In autumn, the time and intensity of light should be gradually extended until sufficient light is received to improve the lignification of seedlings. (2) Plant spacing replanting: when the seedlings grow to 5 ~ 10 cm high, the plant spacing is 10 ~ 15 cm, and then watering and topdressing, leaving about seedlings 12 plants per square meter. Intercropping requires small spacing between plants, large spacing between plants, eliminating the inferior and preserving the superior, dense spacing between plants and sparse spacing between plants, and the whole seedling should be equidistant, preferably in rainy days. Combined with thinning seedlings, the missing plants are supplemented to ensure the uniform distribution of seedlings. (3) Daily management: Regularly loosen soil, weed and water to keep the bed surface moist. After defoliation in late autumn, most of the seedlings can be as high as 2m and the ground diameter is about 2cm. Dig out the seedlings for grading, transplant them in the next spring, cut the roots short before transplanting, and cut off the stems of the seedlings from the roots after transplanting, that is, level the stubble from the surface before watering. Wipe the buds frequently after germination, leaving only the strongest buds to grow into the trunk. During the growing period, soil is often loosened, weeding, watering and topdressing, and a straight trunk can be developed in autumn. (4) Transplanting: Seedling transplanting can promote the root system development of seedlings, and the height of annual seedlings is 50 ~ 70 cm. Luan tree is a deep-rooted tree species, and it needs to be transplanted many times to form a good and effective root system. Sowing seedlings can be dug into ditch roots after defoliation in the autumn of that year, and sowed separately in the spring of the following year. Because the trunk of Luan tree is not easy to grow straight, it is necessary to cut off the stubble at the first time and strengthen the management of fertilizer and water. In spring, branches grow from the base, and those straight and strong branches are selected and cultivated into trunk, and then the trunk grows quickly and straight. If the first interception does not meet the requirements, it can be intercepted again in the spring of the following year. It should be transplanted every three years or so in the future. When transplanting, the main roots and thick lateral roots should be cut off properly to promote the generation of new roots. The young trees of Luan tree grow slowly, so the first two transplants should be properly densely planted, which is conducive to cultivating straight stems and saving land. After that, it should be properly sparse and cultivated well. (5) Fertilization: Fertilization is an important measure to cultivate healthy seedlings. After the long roots of seedlings are unearthed, it is advisable to combine watering and diligent fertilization. In the prosperous period of annual growth, nitrogen-based quick-acting fertilizer should be applied to promote the vegetative growth of plants. In autumn, nitrogen fertilizer should be stopped and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied to improve the lignification degree of plants and the cold resistance of seedlings. It is suitable to apply farm organic fertilizer as base fertilizer in winter, which can not only provide continuous nutrients for seedling growth, but also play a role in heat preservation and soil improvement. With the growth of seedlings, the amount of fertilizer should be gradually increased to meet the demand for nutrients for seedling growth. The amount of topdressing for the first time is less, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer per mu is 2500g ~ 3000g, and then topdressing every 15 days, and the amount of fertilization can be slightly larger. Generally, the trunk height reaches the height of the branch point, leaving the main branch, and it can be out of the garden in 3 ~ 4 years. One-year-old seedlings are not straight or can not meet the standard of dryness, and they are replanted after stubble leveling in the second year. Generally, after two transplants and three to six years of culture, DBH can reach 4 ~ 8 cm. Planting density: about 600 plants per mu, DBH 4-5cm, 200-300 plants per mu, DBH 6-8cm. Select 3-5 main branches as short as 4-5 cm, and leave 2-3 lateral branches for each main branch, with the ratio of crown to height of 1:3. Cultivate full crown seedlings with stem diameter of 8 ~ 12 cm, and plant 160 ~ 170 plants per mu, that is, the plant spacing is 2m×2m；; ; Cultivate large seedlings with trunk diameter above 12cm, plant 130 plants per mu, that is, plant row spacing is 2m×2.5m Combined with tending management, prune sprouting branches with trunk height below 1.5m to promote trunk straight growth. Seedling shaping and pruning Luan tree crown is nearly spherical, and the tree shape is straight, generally using natural tree shape. Due to different uses, its plastic requirements are also different. The seedlings for street trees require straight trunk, 2.5~3.5m high primary branches, complete and plump crown and evenly distributed branches. Courtyard shade trees require a large and dense crown, and the height of primary branches is lower than that of street trees. In the process of cultivation, corresponding pruning measures should be taken around the above requirements. Generally, it can be done in winter or during transplantation.
Edit this section of pest control.
Gum disease of Luan tree mainly occurs on the trunk and main branches, but also on the branches. At the beginning of the disease, the affected area was slightly swollen and the surface was dark brown. After that, the affected part was sunken and cracked, and a yellowish translucent soft rubber block overflowed, and finally it became an amber hard rubber block with a smooth and shiny surface. Trees grow weak, which will cause some branches to dry up in severe cases. The disease can be caused by many reasons, which can be roughly divided into physiological bleeding, such as frostbite, sunburn, wounds caused by mechanical injury, wounds caused by pests and so on. There is also infectious gummosis, which can be caused by bacteria and fungi. At present, the pathogenic bacteria are still unknown. Preventive measures: (1) Scraping scar and applying medicine. Scrape the gum off the branches with a blade, and then apply combing agent and medicine to the wound. (2) Strengthen management, pay attention to cold and antifreeze in winter, and apply white or carding agent. Pay attention to sun protection in summer, prevent and control pests and diseases on branches in time, and try to avoid mechanical damage. (3) Before germination in early spring, spray the mixture of sulfur and stone 1 time every 10 day, and spray it twice continuously to kill the overwintering germs. Spraying 800 ~ 1000 times of chlorothalonil or carbendazim during the onset period. Luan tree aphid Luan tree aphid belongs to Homoptera, Aphidae, and is the main pest of Luan tree, which mainly harms the tender branches, buds and leaves of Luan tree. In severe cases, the tender branches are covered with insects, which affects the growth of branches, leading to tree weakness and even death. Occurrence law: it occurs for several generations a year, and overwinters with eggs in bud cracks and bark cracks. In the early April of the following year, when the Luan tree just germinated, the winter eggs hatched into nymphs, and at this time, most of them lived in the cracks of buds, which was similar to the color of tree buds. In mid-April, wingless female aphids formed and began to give birth to small aphids; In late April, a large number of winged aphids appeared, migrated and spread, and the insect population increased greatly. From late April to May, the damage is the most serious. The delicate branches and leaves are covered with insects, sucking the nutrients of trees, the damaged branches and leaves are bent, and branches, trunks and the ground are covered with a lot of insect urine, which not only affects the growth of trees, but also affects environmental sanitation. After mid-June, the insect population gradually decreased; By the middle and late June of 5438+ 10, winged aphids had moved back to Luan tree and a large number of small aphids were born. After a period of harm, winged viviparous male aphids and wingless viviparous female aphids were produced, and they laid eggs for the winter after mating.
Edit the preventive methods in this paragraph.
(1) Spraying 2000 times of Aphidine solution, 40% omethoate EC, Aphida fly EC or imidacloprid in the initial incubation period of aphids. (2) Cut off the sprouting branches with serious pests on the trunk in time at the initial stage to eliminate the aphids that did not spread at the initial stage. (3) Pay attention to the protection and utilization of natural enemies such as ladybugs and lacewings. (4) Young trees can be buried with 15% aldicarb granules in their roots in late April, with a trunk diameter of 1 ~ 2g per cm, covered with soil and watered; Or dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, the dry diameter per cm is about 1.5kg.
Edit the preventive measures in this paragraph.
1. Trees that lay more eggs in winter should be sprayed with 30 times of No.20 petroleum emulsion before the trees germinate in early spring. 2. In April, cut off the twigs with insects in time to eliminate early aphids. 3. Young trees can be buried with 15% aldicarb granules in the roots in late April, with a trunk diameter of1-2g per cm, and watered after covering with soil; Or dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, the dry diameter is about 1.5kg/cm. 4. 40% omethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 1500 ~ 2000 times of soil aphid pine emulsifiable concentrate can be sprayed.
Six-star black-spotted leopard moth
Overwintering as larvae every year. Overwintering larvae began to move in early April, pupated in mid-May, adults emerged and laid eggs in early June, and larvae hatched in late June. Larvae can eat branches from the base of petiole, the back of main vein of leaf or directly, and the top of eaten branches will wither. Larvae can move to harm, or turn around in the insect path. In June 5438+ 10, the larvae ate biennial branches for the winter. This kind of insect emits a lot of granular sawdust when it is harmful to drill. In August and September, a large number of dead branches appeared in the affected plants, which seriously damaged the landscape. The most effective control method is to manually cut off the branches and dead branches with insects. You can also spray contact pesticides, such as 1000 times pesticide, or use 2000 times imidacloprid to control it during the larval hatching and moth eating period.
Pink-necked longicorn beetle
It mainly harms xylem. Eggs are mostly laid in the bark gaps of weak branches of trees, and larvae feed on phloem downward after hatching. After the larvae resumed their activities in the following spring, they continued to eat down from the cortex to the xylem surface, initially forming a short oval cavity with a concave middle. After June, the middle part of the cavity decayed into xylem, and the cavity decayed irregularly. Then the larvae feed from top to bottom and rot into irregular curved channels in the trunk, some of which are as long as 50cm. Careful observation shows that a large number of reddish-brown dung scraps are often discharged outside the trunk hole and on the ground. Dry injection of chemicals is effective to control Anoplophora alternata, and systemic insecticides can also be used. Huangshan Luan tree: Luan tree is also called doctor tree and lantern tree, and its scientific name is Luan tree. It is a tree species of Koelreuteria of Sapindaceae. Luan tree is a deciduous tree with regular tree shape and umbrella crown. The leaves are luxuriant and beautiful, the tender leaves are red in spring, the flowers are full of golden trees in summer, and the capsules in autumn are like red lanterns, which are gorgeous and pleasing to the eye. When the breeze blows, they are like two bells, so they are also called "cash cows". Seeds can be made into beads, so they are especially common in temples. Luan tree is a temperate and subtropical tree species. Like warm and humid climate; Like light, but also a little tolerant and semi-yin; I like to grow in limestone soil, but also tolerant to salt and alkali, cold, drought, barren and short-term waterlogging. Deep-rooted, moderate growth, slower when young, faster later. It has strong resistance to wind, dust pollution, sulfur dioxide and ozone. Branches and leaves have bactericidal effect; Flowers are excellent honey sources, and yellow dyes can be extracted. Luan tree has strong adaptability and obvious seasonal characteristics. It is an ideal landscape greening tree species for shading streets and courtyards, and also a good tree species planted in industrial polluted areas. It is highly praised by forest farmers in Taiwan Province Province as a precious tree in Asia that should be vigorously promoted. There are five species of Luanshu, four of which are from China. The common and widely distributed Luan tree in Jiangsu Luan tree base is Huangshan Luan tree, which is the most common in Zhejiang and Jiangsu. As long as you search the Luan tree base, you can find cheap Luan trees for greening. Its cold tolerance is not as good as that of Luan tree, but its terminal bud is more developed than that of Luan tree, so the habit of false binary branching is not as obvious as that of Luan tree. So it is easier to cultivate a good tree shape. In recent years, it has received extensive attention from people in the industry.
Luanshuzaoguila steet
The occurrence regularity and control of jujube turtle (Ceroplastes japonicus Gr) belong to HOMOPTERA, CERATOPOGONIDAE, also known as Japanese tortoise scale and jujube beetle, commonly known as jujube lice. When it happened in a large area on the Luan tree, the leaves of all branches were covered with insects, and the female insects attached to the branches looked like snow from a distance. If insects suck juice on the leaves, excrement will cover the whole tree, which will lead to the weakness of the tree and seriously affect the greening landscape. After two years of investigation and study, we found out the occurrence law of the insect and found a satisfactory control method. The generation of this insect overwinters with fertilized female adults on annual or biennial branchlets, and the eggs are laid under the female insects. Each female can lay 65,438+0,500 to 2,000 eggs. Overwintering female adults began to feed in March and April, and the worm body increased rapidly in the middle and late April, and began to lay eggs in the middle and late May. The egg period is as long as 25 to 30 days. If it is in late June, it will happen. When the females mature, they move back from the leaves to the branches to mate with the males, and then they are fixed on the branches for the winter. Male nymphs begin to pupate in early and middle August, and the pupation period is about 15 days. From late August to early September, after mating, the male dies and overwinters with the female. During the incubation period, there was much rain, high air humidity and normal temperature, and the hatching rate of eggs and the survival rate of larvae were very high, reaching 100%, which was very harmful in that year. On the contrary, during this period, there is little rain, high temperature and dryness, and a large number of eggs and newly hatched nymphs will dry up and die under the mother shell, which is less harmful in that year; There is more rain and snow in the overwintering period of female adults, and the natural mortality rate is high when the branches freeze. Control measures 1. Artificial control: from June 1 1 to March of the following year, the overwintering female adults can be scraped off and the branches cut off with pruning. 2. Beat ice tendons to eliminate overwintering female adults. In severe winter, if there is thick ice on the branches in case of rain and snow, knocking the branches in time to shake off the ice can shake off the overwintering insects with the ice. 3. Spray 40% omethoate +40% isocarbophos 1000 to 1500 times, 2 to 3 times, with an interval of 7 to 10 day. 4. Furadan root irrigation: In May, root irrigation with 25% wettable powder for 200 ~ 300 times was effective in killing nymphs.
When will the seeds of Luan tree be planted?
Luan trees are generally raised in the wild. Spring is sown in March. Sowing ground should have loose and breathable soil, good water retention and drainage performance, certain fertility and no underground pests and germs. If sowing in spring, it is best to plow 1 ~ 3 times in autumn and winter to promote soil weathering, store water and conserve moisture, and eliminate weeds and pests.
Luanshushu language
Yearning for youth
Edit this drug function
Summer harvest and autumn harvest. It tastes slightly bitter and spicy. Functions are mainly used for expelling wind, clearing away heat, relieving cough and killing insects. Wind-heat cough folk prescription 1: compound Luan tree root or spend five yuan, decocted in water, three times a day. ② Ascaris repellent: San Qian in the bark of Luan tree root. Boil water twice a day.