Plum blossoms are native to China and mainly cultivated in the Yangtze River valley and southwest China. I like a warm and humid climate, and I want to grow in a sunny, ventilated and cool place, which is resistant to waterlogging and drought.
Plum blossom is a world-famous ornamental flower, especially its charm. Whenever it is sparse in late winter and early spring, its fragrance will overflow far away. In China, it is called "Three Friends of Old Cold" together with Matsuzaka. Plum blossoms and plums can be used as medicine, and plum blossoms can be taken instead of tea. Fruit element is known as "healthy food" and can be processed into various dried fruits, and the list is endless.
Morphological characteristics: small deciduous trees, up to 10 m, often with thorns and round crown. Dry brownish purple, with many longitudinal stripes, green branchlets or green background, glabrous. Flowers are mostly 1-2 per node, mostly sessile or short-stalked, pink or white, 2-3 cm in diameter, fragrant, mostly in early spring, with 5 petals, often nearly round; 5 curved pieces, mostly purple; Stamens are numerous, free, densely pilose in locules, rarely 2-5 (centrifugal skin) or absent, superior in locules, long style. Drupe is subglobose, about 2-3 cm in diameter, yellow or yellowish green, densely pubescent and sour; The nuclear membrane has pits and sticks to the pulp, and the fruit matures in April-June. The plant height is about 10m, and the trunk is brownish purple with multiple longitudinal lines. Branchlets are green. Leaf blade broadly ovate to ovate, margin serrate. 65438+ 0~2 flowers per node, sessile or short-stalked, the original species is pale pink or white, and the cultivated varieties are purple, red and colored spots to yellowish colors, which bloom in early spring. Plum blossom can be divided into true plum, apricot plum and cherry plum.
2. Mei's classical Chinese, Jiang Kui's Winter in191year, brought snow and stones to the lake. Stop for two months, give simple sentences and sign new voices to do these two songs. Shi Hu was amused, and prostitutes moved to Xi, where syllables were harmonious, so she was named Dimfragrance and Thin Shadow.
A faint scent
Look at me more in the old moonlight, playing the flute in the plum blossom. Arouse jade people and climb regardless of the cold. He Xun is old now, and he has forgotten the spring breeze. But the strange flowers are sparse outside the bamboo, and the fragrance is cold into the Yao mat. Jiangguo is silent. Sighed away, the snow began to accumulate at night. Cui Zunyi cried, and the red calyx was silent and nostalgic. Chang Ji once joined hands, and thousands of trees overwhelmed the West Lake. Piece by piece, blow it out, when can I see it? Thin shadows adorn jade, there are small bluebirds, and branches stay together. Meet in the guest, hedge corner dusk, nothing to lean on bamboo. Zhao Jun doesn't like Hu Shayuan, but remembers Jiangnan and Jiangbei. I want to wear a ring and come back on a moonlit night to become this flower. I still remember the old story of the palace. The man sleeps and flies near the moth green. There is nothing better than the spring breeze, no matter what it is, it has already arranged for the golden house to hide its beauty. I also taught a song "Go with the Flow", but I complained about the sorrow of Yulong. When you come to find incense again, you have entered the small window banner.
On Saturday, I made an appointment with my classmates to enjoy plum blossoms in Hongmei Park. As soon as we entered the park, a smell came to our faces. We marched forward against the fragrance, and soon the tall plum tree came into view. Plum blossoms are not big, but they have blossomed a lot. Look! On the trunk, the branches are flourishing but not chaotic, and plum blossoms of various colors are competing to open on the branches. They have different postures: some stand there alone; Some parting flowers are close, as if they haven't woken up yet; Some people crowded together as if to say, "Guys, it's too cold. Let's get together to keep warm! " " ; Some just spread two or three petals, as if butterflies were about to spread their wings and fly; Others laugh in full bloom like beautiful girls. I watched as if I had turned into a beautiful plum blossom, playing happily with my companions on the branches. The branches became my cradle. As long as the wind blows, the branches will flutter gently with the wind. At night, as long as the wind blows, the leaves shake gently, making a "rustling" sound, playing lullabies for me and accompanying me to sleep. Suddenly, a cold wind woke me up from my dream, and I remembered that I was not a plum blossom, I was watching it!
Plum blossoms leave beauty to the flawless world and embellish the clean and white world. With the red color of plum blossom, everything in the world is more beautiful and fragrant, but who knows the hardships of "plum blossom fragrance comes from bitter cold" It's beautiful, but "beauty doesn't compete for spring, it only reports spring." Plum blossom, proud of first frost, fearless of difficulties, modest and optimistic. It tried its best and died. In exchange for a touch of red, spring is everywhere. It is the most extraordinary flower; It is the most tenacious flower. "The sword front comes from sharpening, and the plum blossom fragrance comes from bitter cold." In the cold winter, plum blossoms are proud of frost and snow, not afraid of cold and freezing, not afraid of ice and snow invasion. When other flowers wither, plum blossoms are in full bloom, unique and stand proudly in this world of ice and snow.
Although plum blossoms bloom in winter, although they are not as elegant as roses and noble as Clivia, the beauty of nature has cultivated the unique character and spirit of plum blossoms. Plum blossoms are not afraid of cold and snow, which has always inspired me; Plum blossoms give beauty and fragrance to the world, and the spirit of leaving loneliness to oneself has always encouraged me. I want to keep the plum blossom in my heart forever, and let my heart beat with the plum blossom's character!
4. Knowledge of plum blossom growth process. Mei likes warm climate, and the flowering period is particularly sensitive to climate change. Meixi has a high air humidity, but it avoids heavy rain during flowering. Plum blossoms can grow well in areas where the annual rainfall is above 1000mm, and the requirements for soil are not strict and relatively poor. Active tree species, like sunshine and good ventilation. It is a long-lived tree species. The flowering period in the Yangtze River basin is from February to March.
Flowers solitary or sometimes two peanuts in 1 bud, 2-2.5 cm in diameter, with strong fragrance, opening first and then leaves; Calyx is usually reddish brown, but some varieties of calyx are green or green purple; Petals obovate, white to pink.
The fruit is nearly spherical, 2-3 cm in diameter, yellow or greenish white, pilose and sour; Mucosal nucleus; The nucleus is oval with slightly flattened sides. It blooms in winter and spring and bears fruit in May-June. 2n= 16，24 .
Plum is native to southern China and has been cultivated for more than 3000 years. There are many varieties of plum, whether it is ornamental or fruit trees. Many types are not only cultivated in the open field for viewing, but also planted as potted flowers to make plum piles. Flowers can be refined, and flowers, leaves, roots and seeds can be used as medicine.
The fruit can be eaten, pickled or processed into Senecio scandens, or smoked into ebony, which has the effects of relieving cough, stopping diarrhea, promoting fluid production and quenching thirst. Plum blossom can resist the harm of root-knot nematodes and can be used as the rootstock of drupe fruit trees.
Plum blossom is the first of the top ten famous flowers in China. Together with orchids, bamboos and chrysanthemums, they are called "four gentlemen", and together with loose bamboo, they are called "three friends in cold years". In the traditional culture of China, Mei gives people an incentive to work hard with her noble, strong and modest personality. In the cold, before the flowers bloom, the world is lonely, and spring has come.
Plum blossoms are mainly grafted, and sowing is also acceptable. Grafting is always done by cutting or budding. The rootstock should be the seedling plum. Cuttings can be carried out in the early spring, or in winter, cutting or splitting can be carried out indoors, and rootstock seedlings are bare and have no soil.
Bud grafting is mostly carried out from June to September, and shield-shaped bud grafting is often used. Usually in the growing period, that is, from autumn to early winter, fertilizer is applied three times, such as cake fertilizer compost, manure and so on. Apply quick-acting fertilizer before budding; After the new shoots stop growing (from the end of June to the beginning of July), appropriate water control and fertilization are applied to promote flower bud differentiation. If the old trunks of plum are butted, potted stumps can be formed quickly. Plum blossoms are suitable for bonsai cultivation.
Put the plants that have been cultivated in the field for several years in a flowerpot. Pot soil should be soft, loose and fertile, and it should be trimmed before and after planting. Common diseases include perforation, anthracnose, powdery mildew, dead branch gummosis, dry rot gummosis and so on. Pay attention to avoid using dimethoate when using insecticide, because dimethoate is easy to control the pharmacognostic harm of plum blossom and lead to defoliation.
reference data
Plum blossom Plum blossom [citation time 2018-1-14]
5. What is the growth process of plum blossom? Plum blossom, the first of the twenty-four flowers, has green branches and ice, elegant shadow, beautiful color and pleasant fragrance. Flowering early. "Xiang Xuehai dares to produce thousands of flowers, and a tree will spring first." Known as the flower base. The lofty character and loyalty of "knowing far away is not snow, only fragrance comes" symbolizes the spirit of our descendants of the dragon. Plum blossom cultivation began in Shang Dynasty and has a history of nearly 4000 years. Mei is the birthday girl among flowers. In many parts of China, the Millennium Gu Mei is still preserved. In Huangmei County, Hubei Province, there is a golden plum, which is 1600 years old and still in bloom. Plum blossoms are in full bloom in the snow, the fragrance is lingering in the cold, the image of iron bones and ice hearts, and the image of high morality and integrity inspires people to strive for self-improvement and persevere in welcoming the arrival of spring. "Wind and rain send spring home, flying snow welcomes the spring. It is already a cliff full of ice, and there are beautiful flowers, which do not compete for spring. They only reported spring to bloom, and she was laughing at it. "
Plum blossoms are native to China and mainly cultivated in the Yangtze River valley and southwest China. I like a warm and humid climate, and I want to grow in a sunny, ventilated and cool place, which is resistant to waterlogging and drought.
Plum blossom is a world-famous ornamental flower, especially its charm. Whenever it is sparse in late winter and early spring, its fragrance will overflow far away. In China, it is called "Three Friends of Old Cold" together with Matsuzaka. Plum blossoms and plums can be used as medicine, and plum blossoms can be taken instead of tea. Fruit element is known as "healthy food" and can be processed into various dried fruits, and the list is endless.
Morphological characteristics: small deciduous trees, up to 10 m, often with thorns and round crown. Dry brownish purple, with many longitudinal stripes, green branchlets or green background, glabrous. Flowers are mostly 1-2 per node, mostly sessile or short-stalked, pink or white, 2-3 cm in diameter, fragrant, mostly in early spring, with 5 petals, often nearly round; 5 curved pieces, mostly purple; Stamens are numerous, free, densely pilose in locules, rarely 2-5 (centrifugal skin) or absent, superior in locules, long style. Drupe is subglobose, about 2-3 cm in diameter, yellow or yellowish green, densely pubescent and sour; The nuclear membrane has pits and sticks to the pulp, and the fruit matures in April-June. The plant height is about 10m, and the trunk is brownish purple with multiple longitudinal lines. Branchlets are green. Leaf blade broadly ovate to ovate, margin serrate. 65438+ 0~2 flowers per node, sessile or short-stalked, the original species is pale pink or white, and the cultivated varieties are purple, red and colored spots to yellowish colors, which bloom in early spring. Plum blossom can be divided into true plum, apricot plum and cherry plum.
Origin and Habit: Plum blossom originated in China, and wild plum first evolved into ornamental plum, which is a branch of plum blossom. China wild plum has four sub-centers, namely, eastern Sichuan and western Hubei mountainous areas; Southeast Hubei, northeast Jiangxi, Anhui and Zhejiang mountainous areas; Guangdong and Guangxi, southern Jiangxi mountainous areas and Fujian and Taipei areas. This is a deciduous tree. Meixi has a warm climate, and its flowering period is particularly sensitive to climate change. Meixi has a high air humidity, but it avoids heavy rain during flowering. Plum blossoms can grow well in areas where the annual rainfall is above 1000mm, and the requirements for soil are not strict and relatively poor. Active tree species, like sunshine and good ventilation.
6. About an ancient poem about plum blossoms in China: a record of a plum blossom restaurant.
gong zizhen
original text
Longpan in Jiangning, Dengwei in Suzhou and Xixi in Hangzhou all produce plums. Or: "Mei takes pleasure as beauty, straight without posture; Take beauty as beauty, and the law has no scenery; Sparse is beautiful and secret is stateless. " Solid also. This literati painter, knowing what he meant, failed to write a letter to the queen and won the plum blossom on earth; And you can't let the world straight, delete secrets, hoe, and take mei disease Mei as a career for money. People who are not in a hurry for money can also take away their wisdom. Others told Plum the secret of the literati's loneliness, and they were right. They raised the edge, deleted the secret, killed the young branches, hoeed straight, and suppressed their anger in order to raise prices, while Plum in Jiangsu and Zhejiang were all sick. The disaster of literati painters is so fierce!
I bought 300 pots in advance, all of them were sick, and I didn't finish any pots. After crying for three days, I vowed to treat it: let it go, destroy its basin, bury it in the ground and untie it; For five years, it will be restored. I am willing to be criticized for this kind of non-literati painter and set up a museum of sick plums for storage.
Oh! Ann gave me more leisure days and more fields to store the sick plums in Jiangning, Hangzhou and Suzhou, and to treat them when I was poor!
translate
Plums are produced in Longpanli in Jiangning, Dengwei Mountain in Suzhou and Xixi in Hangzhou. Some people say: "Plum blossoms are beautiful with curved branches, but straight branches have no lasting appeal;": Taking branches and leaves as beauty, there is no scenery when it is straight; It is beautiful to have sparse branches. Dense branches have no posture. "After all, these literati painters all know its meaning in their hearts, but it is inconvenient to publicly announce it, and loudly appeal to use this standard to measure the plums in the world; You can't let people who grow plums in the world cut off the straight ones, delete the dense ones, hoe the straight ones, make plums grotesque and morbid, and make money as a career. The bias, thinness and bending of plum branches are not stupid. Only those who make money can do it by their own wisdom and ability. Some people told the plum sellers that the unique preference of literati painters was clear, and they cut off the oblique lateral branches, deleted the dense ones, killed its tender branches, hoeed off the straight branches, and suppressed its vitality, so as to seek high prices: so the plums in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces were all sick and disabled. The cruelty caused by literati painters has reached this point!
I bought 300 pots of plums, all of which were sick, and none of them were intact. I shed tears for them for three days, so I vowed to cure them: I let them go, follow their nature, destroy those pots, plant all the plums in the ground, and untie the brown rope that binds them; Taking five years as the deadline, we must restore their nature and maintain their healthy form. I am not a literati painter, I am willing to be humiliated. I set up a museum of sick plums to preserve them.
Alas! How can we have a lot of free time and a lot of free fields, store a lot of sick plums in Jiangning, Hangzhou, Suzhou and other places, and spend a lifetime treating them?
7. Composition, plum blossom says who is not afraid of cold?
Who is tenacious in the cold?
Who is alone in the cold?
Who is beautiful and does not fight for spring?
Stubborn plum blossoms,
Why did you let ling cold go alone?
How do you give yourself?
Please tell them one by one.
Many poets praise you,
Because you are beautiful and full of energy.
Many poets love you,
Because you have tenacious vitality.
Your tenacious spirit,
I have to admire it.
Your broad heart,
I have to admire it.
Stubborn plum blossom!
Your spirit,
Your thoughts,
I have to let the poet praise you!
8. Write a composition about Mei in classical Chinese.
Winter is coming, the snow is falling, and the biting cold wind is wandering around in the world wrapped in white. Everything succumbs to the severe winter, sleep, sleep, just wait for the call of spring. Maybe no plants can survive in winter? If you think so, you are wrong. In the corner, standing in the snow, plum blossoms are fragrant in the cold against the white snow, emitting a faint fragrance and graceful charm. Isn't it "a few plums in a corner, blooming alone in the cold"?
The cold winter, the cold wind and the falling snowflakes set off Mei, who proudly bloomed with the brilliance of life and elegant posture, just like a woman standing on a shelf enjoying the snow alone, with no rouge on her cheeks and a blushing smile on her face; Her spine, tortuous but resolute, is not a man among daughters. The wind is blowing hard and the snow is slowly drifting. May seems a little shaken? So you can't stand this storm? Are you giving up? No, no. It still stands upright, with its head held high, struggling against the storm. The wind is whistling and the snow is fluttering. Mei insisted, without words, knowing that only by her own strength can she become a strong person in the monotonous winter.
The beauty of plums makes people feel relaxed and happy. There is no more gorgeous mysterious dyeing, only gorgeous red, but elegant and clean, and red is unrestrained. Although plums are not as fragrant as epiphyllum, rich as peony and delicate as daffodils, they are full of iron and vitality, and they are the fairy of Lingbo in my heart. ...
I was born in winter, and everything in winter seems to be grateful for the benefits, and I have an indescribable sense of closeness. Winter is a season full of trials, and there are few lives like Mei who can endure the hardships of ice and snow. Maybe that's why I like May!
Walking in the snow, I think, those people in life are also pursuing like plums, and they are not afraid of difficulties and obstacles on the way to realize their ideals in order to keep up with the pace of the times, otherwise they can only fall behind. In the corner, Mei is burning her own life, just to keep her style and personality high and make winter beautiful because of herself. May, I have experienced the wonderful life!
Snow, from a six-petal flower in your hand, turns into a water mark, staring at plums, and is unique in the snow!