When processing copper lettering, the lettering selected by customers or written on behalf of customers often needs to be enlarged or reduced. You can first scan the words sent by customers into the computer, enlarge and decorate them in the computer, and output the enlarged words to paper through a printer or engraving machine. If the square characters are too big, you can use the imposition method.

2. Blanking and molding

Stick the cut words on the copper skin with glue or put copy paper between the words and the copper skin, trace the words on the copper skin with a ballpoint pen, and then cut the materials according to the words with a metal scissors or a copper cutting machine. In places with small curvature, drill holes at the junction first, and then use a copper cutting machine or a steel chisel to cut the materials. If it is cut with scissors, the cut edges must be filed flat.

To hammer and shape, we must first understand the structure of the characters, plan the shaping steps of the characters, and avoid hammering blindly. Law of hammering and forming:

(1) First, master the big structure of the characters, because the accuracy of the big structure of the characters directly affects the effect of the characters. When hammering the big structure, you should knock the parts with smaller curvature first, and then knock the big structure;

(2) first, tap the highest part of the raised word, and then tap it from the middle to both sides along the trend of the word. Large structures should be knocked on the back, and small structures such as the corners of words should be trimmed on the front of words. When hammering, the hammer surface should be vertical to the characters, the strength should be balanced, the size of the wooden hammer can be used flexibly, and the typed characters should have less or no hammer marks on the surface, and the raised height of the font should be consistent, without deformation, and the back should be flat;

(3) It is best to keep the work site free of sand and dust, because sand will scratch the surface of the plate, which will bring great trouble to the later polishing, and dust can cause spots or granular suspended matter on the later surface finish, which is the end of the finish film.

3. Welding and shaping

Cut copper edges with different widths of 1．5cm--5cm (wide strips for big characters and narrow strips for small characters, flexible use) on the copper skin for later use. There are two welding methods. The first one is soldering (commonly used), in which the waste battery skin is soaked in hydrochloric acid solution to make soldering water, and then the soldering tin is melted with a 3 ~ 5 W electric soldering iron (self-made soldering iron can be used for soldering when there is no electricity), and then the processed soldering water is dipped with a brush to wipe the edges and characters to be welded (note that the welded parts of the edges and characters should be polished with sandpaper to be free of grease and dust). Dip the soldering tin with a hot soldering iron (or directly put the soldering tin into small pieces) and weld it firmly along the edge of the word, and the edge should be welded vertically with the edge of the word. The second type is brazing, in which copper wire and steamed borax (flux) are fused between the edge and the word edge with oxygen and acetylene. This method has a large investment and high technical requirements. Note: Be sure to keep the words flat when welding.

copper characters should be reshaped after they are hammered and welded. Knocking and welding are all carried out on the workbench.

4. Polishing finish

Use emery paper to polish the literal sand once, then put it in a liquid made of 1% sulfuric acid and 9% water for 3 ~ 5 min, take it out, rinse it with clear water, then scald it with boiling water to dry it, and then polish it with a polishing machine. The method is to start the polishing machine to rub polishing paste on the cloth wheel so that the cloth wheel is in vertical contact with the letter. Only when the polishing trend is consistent will the smoothness and chromaticity of copper characters be consistent. After polishing, use acetone to remove the literal grease. Do not touch the erased literal by hand, and cover it immediately to prevent the literal oxidation from affecting the brightness. Covering is the key, and the effect of covering directly affects the time of using copper characters. The finishing agent can be a special agent for copper lettering, such as copper lettering treasure, or sprayed or brushed with PVC varnish.

5. Installation

There are two types of copper nail installation: open nail and concealed nail. The open nail method is to weld the finished word edge and hang the pendant, mark the corresponding place in the hanging position, remove the word, drill a hole with a drill, and fix it with self-tapping or wood screws. The hidden nail method is to drill holes on the copper edge of the characters, plan and mark the drilled characters on the signboard surface, remove the characters, nail a 5cmX8cm wood block on the marked signboard surface, and then fix the characters on the wood block. In addition, it can be fixed with glass glue.