Blood, infection, suppuration, severe tetanus, amputation and even life-threatening. Proper treatment of the wound can make it heal quickly.
Close; On the other hand, purulent infection may exist for a long time, even endangering health due to systemic infection, gas gangrene and tetanus.
Life. So for traumatic wounds, we must deal with them strictly and seriously.
The principle of treating wounds is:
1. disinfection: when the skin has a wound and its integrity is destroyed, bacteria have an opportunity. In order to reduce the invasion of bacteria,
The wound should be carefully disinfected.
2. Hemostasis: Hemostasis can be stopped in time according to specific conditions.
3. Bandage: Properly dressing the wound can make the wound less bleeding, less suppurating and less pain. Knot quickly, accurately, lightly and quickly.
.
Fast, swift and agile; Accurate, accurate and strict parts; Light, light, don't touch the wound; Fasten, bind tightly, loosen
Tight, suitable.
The specific steps are as follows:
(1) Generally, edible salt can be added to cold boiled water to prepare normal saline with the concentration of 1% to wash the wound. You can use it first if you have the conditions.
Disinfect with alcohol after iodine, and rub along the edge of the wound from inside to outside. Don't put iodine and alcohol on the wound. Inside the wound
If there are foreign objects, handle them carefully. If it is big and easy to take, you can take it out. Don't take things that are deep, small and difficult to take out, lest you be careless.
Bacteria bring into the wound or increase bleeding.
(2) After washing, some medicine can be applied to the surface of the wound, and a little mercuric chloride or purple liquid can be applied to the surface of the small wound.
Water, large wounds should not be coated with the above liquid medicine, so as not to add difficulties to the next treatment.
(3) Use sterilized gauze or clean bandages, handkerchiefs, cloth strips, red cloth belts, etc. On the wound, and pay attention to the tightness of dressing.
In order to avoid affecting blood circulation, you can't touch the wound directly with your hands. The dressing range should be 5- 10 cm beyond the edge of the wound, and you should stretch it.
Bandage (or triangle). The movement of the exposed fracture end leads to pain and continuous injury. Open brain injury with brain
Tissue swelling, or abdominal injury with organ prolapse, which can not be directly pressed and bandaged or forcibly refused to accept organs, should be done when swelling or falling off.
Wrap paper towels with gauze, towels, etc. , and then use a clean enamel bowl of appropriate size or other functions.
Cover the protective container and bind it. When transporting, if the abdomen is pricked, take a supine knee position to relax the abdomen.
Pool. If it's the head of a skull, fix the head.
(4) When dealing with a large traumatic wound, it is necessary to conduct a detailed examination, and we cannot just look at the surface of the wound and ignore the internal injuries.
For patients with head trauma and head trauma, the wounded usually have abnormal consciousness and the pupils on both sides are generally not large; Chest trauma with brain
When the membrane and lung cavity are injured, the wounded usually have difficulty breathing; When abdominal wounds are complicated with organ injuries, the wounded usually have abdominal muscles.
Nervousness, abdominal pain and other manifestations; When limb trauma is combined with fracture, there will be limb movement disorder and abnormal bone movement.
The wrong idea of wound management
First, keep the wound dry-wrong.
When skin surface cells migrate and proliferate, if they encounter scab, cortical cells are difficult to move and the wound healing time becomes longer. harm
Proper humidity in the mouth will accelerate healing. However, it is best to maintain "moist care" and make use of special
Waterproof wound pad can maintain a moist and warm wound healing environment, and can also reduce the itching of excessively dry wounds.
Will not stick and cause pain.
Second, apply more potions-wrong.
In the past, hydrogen peroxide, iodine, mercuric chloride and purple liquid were commonly used to treat wounds, but now they are considered to be "colorful"
Poisonous water will destroy granulation tissue and reduce the activity of white blood cells. Disinfection is necessary, but it should be done quickly, and physiological salt should be used immediately.
These disinfectants are best washed with water. The best disinfectant for wounds is sterile water, and it is best to prepare a small container at home.
The amount of normal saline should be washed with a large amount of normal saline when an emergency wound needs to be treated, as well as a large bottle of normal saline.
Yes, but don't drive for too long, it may breed bacteria.
Because disinfection water such as hydrogen peroxide and iodine is used by doctors to disinfect the wound-free skin for surgery, it is also used if it is injured.
Some irritating disinfectants may leave ugly scars. Many people are used to pouring hydrogen peroxide on the wound for disinfection and watching it overflow.
White foam, there is also a pleasure of "bacteria being killed" in my heart; In fact, "as long as you put anything in your eyes, it will cause thorns."
Exciting potion is not suitable for wounds, "because wounds can't stand any stimulation." Too much stimulation will only inhibit wound healing. "
Together, it will cause ugly scars, and red and purple potions may deepen the scars. If you don't want to leave a scar, you must use it in the early stage of scarring.
Moisturizing and pressurizing scar-removing silicone membrane can soften tissues and avoid scars.
Third, antibiotics must be used-wrong.
Unless infection has occurred, it is important not to use antibiotics, even local antibiotic ointment will affect wound healing.
The purpose is to flush, flush and flush with normal saline.
Fourth, the wound is tightly wrapped-wrong.
Wound healing must have "oxygen", which is necessary for the formation of collagen. It is best to expose it, leaving at least a certain gap.
exactly
Five, the wound should not be sutured immediately.
The necrotic tissue should be removed first, and the internal tissue should be cleaned before suture, or the gap should be drained.
Six, the wound must be replaced every day-wrong.
Because frequent dressing changes make the wound vulnerable to pollution, and destroy the newly growing tissue, aggravating the formation of scars. In fact, the wound is
Body exudate will stick to the tissue fluid covered with gauze, which is rich in anti-inflammatory cells and is the nutrition needed for wound healing, so only
To keep the wound ventilated and not polluted by sewage, it is best to change the medicine once every two days, which can not only relieve the pain of the wound, but also avoid it.
Avoid the possibility of bacterial contamination and air contact during dressing change.
Do you have the above "misconceptions"? If so, you should correct it as soon as possible.
Common sense of wound management
1. The wound should avoid direct sunlight leading to melanin deposition, and should avoid strenuous activity.
2. Within 72 hours after the injury, the skin around the wound will swell. Raise the affected limb or apply ice to relieve discomfort.
3. Eat more fruits and vegetables and high-protein foods to promote wound healing.
4. The wound dressing method:
* Wash your hands
* Dip a cotton swab in normal saline (or boiled cold water) and wipe the wound in circles outward until it is clean.
* Then dry it with a cotton swab.
* Then dip a cotton swab in water-soluble iodine (antibiotic ointment for face) and wipe around the wound, as the case may be.
Cover with gauze. If it is dry and shallow, there is no need to cover with gauze.
5. Antibiotic ointment is used externally on the face, please don't use it on the eyes unless there is a doctor's instruction.
6. If you have symptoms of infection (redness, swelling, fever, secretion, fever), please see a doctor immediately.
Treatment of amputation caused by severe trauma
When you encounter a severed limb or finger, you should not only protect the wound, but also refrigerate the severed limb and send it to the hospital as soon as possible.
Successful replantation of severed limbs created conditions.
The correct way is to wrap the severed limbs and fingers with sterile gauze (or clean gauze) and put them in nonporous plastic or rubber.
In the leather bag, the mouth of the bag is tied tightly, and then ice cubes are applied around it to freeze.
Never rub disinfectant on the broken limb or soak it in alcohol or other disinfectants at night, which will coagulate the tissue cells.
Solidification, deterioration, loss of replantation opportunities, the result backfired.
It is also wrong to soak the severed limbs and fingers in various hypertonic or hypotonic solutions. The former makes cells shrink, while the latter makes cells shrink.
Therefore, it is necessary to calmly follow the above correct methods to refrigerate the broken limb and deliver it as quickly as possible.
Go to the hospital.
Timely wound treatment and immunotherapy are the key to prevent rabies.
People should try to avoid being scratched or bitten by dogs or cats. Once bitten, scratched or damaged by a dog or cat,
After being licked by a dog or cat, clean and disinfect the wound in time (preferably within a few minutes after the bite), and it is best to deal with it nearby.
Go to a medical institution for rabies immunotherapy. If there is no medical institution nearby, you should immediately clean yourself with clean water or soapy water.
Wound 15 minutes or more, never suck the dirty blood from the wound with your mouth.
In medical institutions, rinse thoroughly with 20% soapy water or 1% bromogeramine, and then rinse with clean water. When cleaning deep wounds,
Use a syringe to go deep into the wound and wash it thoroughly. Then use 2% to 3% iodine or 75% alcohol.
Disinfection of departments.
The sooner local wounds are treated, the better. Even if the delay is 1-2 days or even 3-4 days, local treatment cannot be ignored. At this point, if the wound has been
Scab, scab should also be removed by the above method. In principle, local wounds should not be stitched, bandaged, plastered or used.
Powder helps to detoxify the wound. If suture and dressing are needed (e.g., invasion of large blood vessels), sufficient irrigation should be ensured so as not to interfere with drainage.
And can be sutured after antiserum treatment.
Tetanus antitoxin and other anti-infection treatments can be used at the same time to control other infections except rabies, but the injection site
There should be a place to inject anti-rabies serum and rabies vaccine.