At present, many pear orchards use close planting technology for production. The single-story high-rise happy shape of pear tree is a tree shape suitable for close planting pear orchard. Its suitable density is 44 plants per mu. The tree-like structure has a stem height of 60-80cm and a tree height of 3-3.5m.. The top of the central main branch (excluding extended branches) is at a distance of1.6-1.8m from the ground, and the basal axes or branches of the branches are evenly arranged on the central main branch, and the length of the basal axis is less than 30cm. The robust long branches planted on the central main branch or basal axis are required to reach 10- 12 plants. The whole tree has only one layer, and the final leaf curtain thickness is 2-2.5 meters. However, some pear orchards are often improperly pruned, which leads to unreasonable tree structure. The most common problem is that the number of strong branches of pear trees is insufficient, and the lower branches are "bare legs". Different solutions should be adopted according to specific problems.

The number of fruiting branches is insufficient. The reason for this situation is that the branches of the branches cut or shrunk last winter were too short, and strong branches could not be produced after cutting or shrinking, and strong fruiting branches did not form; The premature branch opening angle of the permanent branch group makes it a weak branch group; For the strong branch group, the branch is not pulled and opened in time, which makes the branch potential too strong, resulting in the imbalance of tree potential and the newly cultivated branch group can not grow.

Solution: Cultivate robust fruiting branches, and when pruning in winter, shorten the robust annual branches or restore the robust perennial branches. For those annual branches or perennial branches with weak growth, the combination of cultivation and branch shrinkage should be adopted to cultivate strong and robust fruiting branches. For weak branches, continuous long-term planting will increase the amount of branches and leaves, reduce the amount of fruit, and increase the growth potential of the whole branch. For the branches whose growth potential has been restored, when pruning in winter, the branches with full terminal buds are retracted to promote the growth of strong new branches. For the permanent branch group, the branch opening angle can only be carried out when the length of the branch group and the top reaches more than 2 meters. For the over-strong bearing branches, measures to balance the tree potential can be taken according to the specific situation, such as pulling the branch opening angle in time, cutting off some strong branches in winter, or leaving 2-3 short branches to shrink again and renewing the branch group in winter.

Permanent fruiting branch group "bare legs". The main reason for this situation is the vertical growth of fruiting branches of pear trees.

Solution: the branches should be stretched at the opening angle, adjust the growth, increase the crown width, and create good nutritional conditions and planting space for the bare-legged branches to sprout. When cutting in winter, the upper part of the branch group retracts. On the one hand, it can improve the light conditions in the canopy, on the other hand, it can inhibit the former promotion and promote the "bare legs" of the branch group to sprout. However, after retraction, the main shaft length of the branch group should be more than 2 meters.

After the pear seedlings are planted, the young trees have a cultivation period of 2-3 years. Field management should focus on fertilization, weeding and pest control, and cultivate dwarf and high-yield trees to achieve early fruit and high yield. Its site management technology is as follows:

1. Stem fixing and straightening: when pear seedlings germinate in February and March, the stem is fixed at a position about 60 cm from the ground. At the same time, for individual pear seedlings that grow obliquely or curvedly, insert a straight wooden stick (or bamboo pole) next to the trunk, and tie it with string for 2 ~ 3 turns to fix and straighten it, so as to promote the upright and robust growth of pear seedlings.

2. Wipe the buds and remove the core: after the pear seedlings are fixed, wipe off all the new buds growing on the trunk below 30cm from the ground; For new shoots over 30cm, 3 ~ 4 full buds and 1 ~ 2 terminal buds with vigorous growth in different directions are selected and reserved for their growth. When the new shoots (branches) extracted from the reserved shoots grow to 40 ~ 50cm, the tender shoots of the new shoots are cored to promote branching. During the 2 ~ 3 years of young trees, from June to July every year, 3 ~ 4 branches are cultivated by pulling, bracing and hanging, so that the opening angle is kept at 60 ~ 70 degrees to alleviate the tree potential.

3. Fertilize and weed control: apply 1 quick-acting topdressing every month within 2-3 years after the pear seedlings are planted, and during the growth period of 2- 10 month every year. The method is to dig 1 ~ 2 annular fertilization nests about 50 cm long, 20 cm deep and 20 cm wide on the ground 30 ~ 50 cm away from the trunk of pear trees. Apply 5 ~ 10 kg of water and fertilizer to each plant, add 0. 1kg of urea or ammonium phosphate, and return the soil to cover the nest in time. At the same time, from February to 10 growth period, the pear orchard is mowed 1 time every month, and the pear orchard is deeply ploughed 1 time in winter and spring.