Cutting propagation method
Generally, in March and April in spring, old cuttings are picked from the completed nursery or high-quality branches of trees 1 ~ 2 years old, and cut into cuttings 1.5cm ~ 20cm long. The upper cut should be smooth and the lower cut should be horse-eared. After cutting, every 50 roots are tied into a bundle, washed with clear water, soaked in ABT rooting powder 100ppm/hour, and cut into fine yellow sand or loose seedbed soil.
When sowing, the seed germ is placed horizontally in the sowing ditch, covered with 3 cm -4 cm thick soil and compacted, and the seedlings can grow to 15 cm-25 cm height in the same year. All poplars can be transplanted after falling leaves in autumn. However, it should be noted that the seedbed should be selected in a well-drained place to prevent the accumulated water from rotting the seedlings near the ground.
Factory division
Ramet propagation is generally used to cultivate rootstocks and green seedlings. Ginkgo biloba is easy to germinate, especially for 10 -20 years old trees. Remove the soil around the rhizosphere, cut the tillers with fibrous roots from the mother plant with a knife and plant them separately. All Populus euphratica can be propagated by tillering in spring. Female plant sprouting can lead to early fruiting age.
transplant
The specific method is as follows: firstly, collect well-developed perennial branches from the mother plant of Ginkgo biloba, cut a leaf on the scion, leaving only the petiole, and cut a section every 2-3 buds, then immerse the lower end of the scion in water or wrap it with wet cloth, preferably the same as the collected material. 2-3-year-old seedlings and cuttings can be used for grafting rootstocks.
sow seeds
When sowing, the seed germ is placed horizontally in the sowing ditch, covered with 3 cm -4 cm thick soil and compacted, and the seedlings can grow to 15 cm-25 cm height in the same year. All poplars can be transplanted after falling leaves in autumn. However, it should be noted that the seedbed should be selected in a well-drained place to prevent the accumulated water from rotting the seedlings near the ground.
Ginkgo seeds can be planted. After harvesting the seeds in autumn, remove the exocarp and dry them in the sun for sowing in winter or the next spring. If you sow in spring, you must first carry out mixed sand stratification to accelerate germination.
Extended data:
Cultivation techniques of ginkgo biloba
1. Land selection
Once planted, Ginkgo biloba has a long life and benefits for a long time, so it is very important to choose the land. Ginkgo biloba is a light-loving tree species, so it is advisable to choose sunny slope with small slope as afforestation site. The requirements for soil conditions are not strict, but neutral or slightly acidic soil with thick upper layer, moist and fertile soil and good drainage is better.
plant
Rational allocation of pollination trees: Ginkgo biloba is a dioecious plant. In order to achieve high yield, pollination trees should be rationally allocated. Male plants with the same variety and flowering period as female plants were selected, and the ratio of male to female plants was 25-50: 1. The configuration mode adopts 5 or 7 square centers, and can also be configured at the four corners.
Seedling size: Improved varieties and strong seedlings are the material basis for early fruiting and high yield of Ginkgo biloba. It is necessary to select seedlings whose height-diameter ratio is above 50: 1, the main root length is 30 cm, and the lateral roots and new shoots grow more than 30 cm in that year. In addition, seedlings must have strong terminal buds, full lateral buds and no pests and diseases.
Reasonable close planting: Ginkgo biloba grows slowly in the early stage, and close planting can improve the land utilization rate and increase the yield per unit area.
Planting time: Ginkgo leaves mainly in autumn, and is planted before leaves are released in spring. Planting in autumn in10-165438+10 can make the roots of seedlings have a long recovery period and prepare for the germination of bamboo shoots in the next spring. Planting before germination in spring is not as good as planting in autumn because the aboveground parts germinate quickly and the roots don't have enough time to recover.
Ginkgo planting should dig the planting nest according to the designed plant spacing, with the specification of 0.5-0.8× 0.6-0.8m. After digging the nest, the topsoil should be filled and fermented fertilizer containing calcium superphosphate should be applied.
Reference source: Baidu Encyclopedia-Ginkgo biloba