Hospital infection department is one of the most common departments in major hospitals. This paper mainly studies the anatomy, physiology and pathology of the nose and respiratory system, and maintains and develops the normal shape and function of this system by using drugs, surgery and physical methods. With the changes of the times and society, the spectrum of nasal trauma has changed significantly, such as allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, nasal polyps and other diseases have been greatly reduced, and the trauma caused by air pollution has increased significantly. The changes of nasal diseases and injury spectrum require the rhinology to keep pace with the times. After the development and liberation of rhinology in China, the rhinology in China has developed rapidly and greatly. Many affiliated hospitals of medical colleges, provincial and municipal hospitals, PLA headquarters and military general hospitals have established rhinology.