catalogue
1. Living habits
2. Morphological characteristics
3. Distribution range
4. Planting techniques
5. Main values
6. Crop cultivation
Living habits
Hi, Guangming. Like humid and warm climate, cold-resistant. Suitable for weak acid or neutral soil with good drainage. Weak alkaline soil can grow, but it is easy to turn yellow. The distribution of root system is shallow, so it is easy to be injured and inclined during typhoon. Strong anti-air pollution ability, the blade has the function of absorbing toxic gases and dust retention. The tree has a tall trunk, lush foliage, rapid growth, easy survival and pruning resistance, so it is widely planted as a street greening tree species and a fast-growing timber tree species. It has strong resistance to toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide and chlorine. There are three kinds of Platanus, namely Platanus, Platanus and Platanus. Commonly known as American phoenix tree, British phoenix tree and French phoenix tree.
morphological character
Fatong is 30 meters high, with dark gray bark, flaky skin and green and white endothelium. The shoots are covered with yellow-brown stellate tomentose. The leaves are 8- 16 cm long and 9- 18 cm wide, and 5-7 deeply split to the middle or lower part, with narrow and long lobes. When I was young, I was covered with gray-yellow stellate villi and then fell off. The total stalk is spherical, 2 ~ 2.5 cm in diameter, and the style is sharp, 3 ~ 4 mm long. The flowering period is May, and the fruit period is 9 ~ 10. Platanus acerifolia is a hybrid of Platanus acerifolia and Platanus acerifolia, which was bred in London, England. Up to 35 meters, the bark is peeling off and the endothelium is light green and white. The tender branches and leaves are densely covered with light brownish yellow stellate villi. Leaf length 10 ~ 24 cm, width 12 ~ 25 cm, base section or slightly heart-shaped, 3 ~ 5 deeply divided, middle lobe nearly equal in length and width, entire or sparsely dentate. Infructescence is about 2.5 cm in diameter, style is 2 to 3 mm long and spiny. The flowering period is April-May, and the fruiting period is 9-65438+1October. Platanus acerifolia is 40 meters high, leaves are 3-5-lobed, wider than long, lobes are wide triangle, cones are mostly solitary, and there is no prickly hair.
distribution range
Originated in southeast Europe and west Asia, it has a long cultivation history. According to records, it was introduced into China in the Jin Dynasty. There are ancient trees in Huxian County, Shaanxi Province, called Quhan Tree or Kumarajiva Tree.
Planting technique
seed treatment
Unlike other tree species, paulownia seeds will fall to the ground when they mature. When its fruit ball is ripe, it can be hung on a tree and will not fall down all winter. Therefore, before the next spring comes, you can pick the fruit balls, put them in sacks, and then gently beat the sacks with wooden sticks to break all the fruit balls, so that all the seeds will be played out. However, fluff often adheres to the seeds of paulownia, and these fluff and seeds must be peeled off to obtain pure seeds, otherwise the attachment of these fluff will keep the seeds from contacting the soil. The specific method is as follows: after the fruit ball is broken, the small ball center in the middle of the broken fruit ball is picked up, the screen is repeatedly rubbed on the iron screen by hand to separate the fluff from the needle-like seeds, and then the seeds are separated from the fluff by air separation to obtain the net seeds, which are bagged and sowed.
Seedbed preparation
It is best to choose the seedbed in the agricultural land with fertile soil, no hardening, shelter from the wind, smooth drainage, perfect irrigation equipment, convenient water intake and saline soil. After selecting the seedbed, you should water and irrigate it first, and then apply sufficient base fertilizer. Generally choose decomposed farmyard manure. After fertilization, the seedbed should be deeply ploughed and leveled, and the shallow ditch should be ridged. The ridge should be consistent with the irrigation direction and connected with the ridge. Ridge length10m, ridge height 0.15m, ridge bottom width 0.6m, ridge surface width 0.3-0.4m, irrigation ditch bottom width 0.3m, gully mouth width 0.6m, and the ridge slope is firm.
Sowing time
Generally speaking, spring is the best time, and the specific time depends on the local climate. Generally, the average daily temperature can be kept above 65438 05℃, and the suitable sowing period in the northern region is from late April to early May, depending on the specific climate. If it is advanced or postponed, it will have a great impact on the emergence and growth, which should be paid attention to. [7] Before seed treatment and sowing, the seeds can be soaked in cold water for one day and night, and fresh water is changed every 65,438+02 hours, and then the soaked seeds can be heated in windless conditions or in a greenhouse, and the seeds can germinate quickly and evenly when heated. It is best to ensure that the storage environment temperature of seeds reaches 28℃~30℃, which can promote the growth of seeds in a temperature environment.
Sowing technique
Sowing should be done at night, preferably on cloudy days. Scatter the seeds evenly on the ridge surface with higher density, and then cover them with Qinghe sand. River sand should be prepared in advance, without alkali. The thickness of river sand should be based on the fact that the seeds of Indus can't be seen, not too thick, otherwise it will affect the germination of seeds, and not too little. If it is too little, it will cover incomplete seeds, making them easy to dry and lack water, which is not conducive to germination. After mulching, gently suppress it to ensure that the seeds are closely combined with the soil on the ridge surface, which is conducive to rooting.
Tiantuan management
After sowing, Miao Di should be irrigated slowly to avoid floods and rapids, so as not to break the ridge surface. Irrigation depth shall be subject to slow infiltration into the surface of the ridge. After irrigation, always observe the humidity on the ridge surface and spray water twice a day, morning and evening. Spray slowly, not too quickly, to prevent the seeds from being washed away and affecting germination. Emergence begins after one week, and normally occurs within two weeks. Within 45 days after sowing, except furrow irrigation after sowing, furrow irrigation was conducted for 65,438+0 times every 7 days, and ridge spraying was conducted for 65,438+0 times in the morning and evening.
June-August is the vigorous growth period of Platanus acerifolia seedlings, so it is necessary to do a good job in timely topdressing, irrigation, wiping side branches, intertillage weeding, pest control and other management work. Topdressing can start in mid-June. The first topdressing can be ditched along the slope bottom on both sides of the seedling ridge. The top dressing should be mainly decomposed manure, and the other is quick-acting fertilizer. Irrigate immediately after each topdressing, and irrigate 6-7 times from the first topdressing to the end of August. In order to enhance the lignification strength of seedlings, stop watering before autumn. Within two months of 10 ~ 1 1, depending on the soil moisture in the nursery, small furrow irrigation was used 1~2 times, and the overwintering water was filled before the end of 1 1 to ensure safe overwintering.
Main value
landscape ecology
The tree is majestic, with large leaves and pus, smooth skin and strong adaptability. Widely cultivated in various places, it is a world-famous excellent street tree and street tree. Strong adaptability and resistance to pruning and shaping. It is an excellent street tree species and widely used in urban greening. It is particularly magnificent when it is planted alone on the lawn or in the open space in the garden and on both sides of the aisle. Because it has strong resistance to various toxic gases and can absorb harmful gases, it has remarkable effects on cooling, dust retention, noise reduction, absorption of harmful gases, improvement of air relative humidity, adjustment of the balance between carbon dioxide and oxygen, and improvement of air quality in summer. As a community, the greening of factories and mines is quite suitable.
Fruits with economic value can be used as medicine. Wood can be used to make furniture.
plant culture
Symbolic meaning: brilliant.