Leijiadian thin-skinned walnut is famous at home and abroad for its thin skin and thick meat and rich nutrition. Known as the "No.1 Township" of China Walnut, the sales price is rising year by year. In recent years, it has reached more than 50 yuan per catty, which is still in short supply.
The producing areas of thin-skinned walnuts in Leijiadian are Leijiadian Township, Erdaowanzi Mongolian Township, Niangniangmiao Township, Datun Township, Monk House Township, Yangmadianzi Township, Guzhangzi Township, Bajiazi Township, Linglongta Township, Xiaodeyingzi Township, Yaowangmiao Township, Bashichang Township, Yangshuwanzi Township, Siu Chu Township and Tangshenmiao Township.
Quality and technical requirements of thin-skinned walnut in Leijiadian
I. Diversity
Liaoning 1, Gift 1, etc.
Second, the site conditions
Within the range of origin, the altitude is 200m to 600m, the soil layer type is sandy loam, light loam or medium loam, the organic matter content is ≥ 1.0%, and the pH value is 6.5 to 8.0.
Third, cultivation management.
1. Seedling raising: rootstocks are grafted with scions to form commercial seedlings, which are planted in fixed planting, spring planting or autumn planting. Spring sowing is from late March to late April, and the soil is thawed before bud germination, and autumn sowing is from 65438+ 10 to 165438+ 10, and the leaves fall and the soil freezes.
2. Pruning and shaping: after the fruit is harvested, it is carried out before the leaves fall in spring or after the leaves sprout and unfold. Autumn pruning is suitable for fruiting trees, and Kechun pruning is suitable for young trees.
3. Flower and fruit management: when the male flower buds of the tree begin to swell in the full fruit period, the male flowers are thinned, and the thinning amount is 90% ~ 95% of the male flowers of the whole plant.
4. Harvest: September-June 10, when the involucre (green husk) turns yellow-green, harvest more than 1/3 when the green husk naturally cracks or falls off.
5. Environmental and safety requirements: The use of pesticides and fertilizers must comply with the relevant provisions of the state and must not pollute the environment.
Fourth, processing
1. peeling: peeling by composting or chemical methods.
2. Cleaning: Wash walnuts in time after peeling to remove surface impurities.
3. Drying: After rinsing, air drying and spreading, the thickness of the fruit shall not exceed two layers.
4. Storage: Choose a cool, dry, ventilated and backlit environment.
The quality characteristics of verbs (abbreviation of verb)
1. Sensory characteristics: thin skin, clean shell surface, natural yellow and white. The suture line is tight, approximately round and uniform in size. The kernel is full, the kernel skin is yellow, white or amber, and it has the inherent fragrance of walnut. The taste is crisp and light, and the whole kernel is easy to take.
2. Physical and chemical indexes: transverse diameter ≥28.0mm, average single fruit weight ≥8.0g, shell thickness ≤ 1.3mm, kernel rate ≥48.0%, empty shell fruit rate ≤2.0%, moisture ≤8.0%, fat content ≥63.0% and protein content ≥/kloc-0.
3. Quality and technical requirements such as safety: Quality and technical requirements such as product safety must comply with relevant national regulations.