First, common items for treating wounds

1. Cleaning disinfectant: 75% alcohol, sulfur tincture (or sulfur volt), 3% hydrogen peroxide, 2% mercury chloride and 0.9% physiological saline. The above disinfectants can be purchased in pharmacies or hospitals.

4. Dressing: gauze piece, cotton ball, cotton swab, bandage, adhesive tape, band-aid, etc. The above dressings can be bought in pharmacies or hospitals. Such as homemade gauze piece, cotton balls, cotton swabs, etc., can be put in a lunch box for steamer disinfection.

13. Dressing equipment: 1 stainless steel lunch box containing 1 short dissecting toothless forceps, medical scissors and cotton balls.

Second, the treatment of fresh wounds.

If the wound is not big and the edges of the wound are arranged neatly, clean the wound with a cotton swab dipped in hydrogen peroxide, disinfect the wound with iodine alcohol, and cover the working mouth with a band-aid. If the epidermis of the injured surface falls off, after cleaning and disinfection, sprinkle a little anti-inflammatory powder on the wound and cover it with sterile gauze and adhesive tape. If the wound is large, deep or the edge of the wound is peeled off, you should go to the hospital for debridement and suture. if

For wounds caused by rust or pollutants, you should go to the hospital to inject tetanus antitoxin to prevent tetanus.

Third, the treatment of infected (or suppurative) wounds.

1. Treatment of common wounds. Remove the wound dressing with toothed tweezers, then disinfect the skin around the wound with iodine tincture and alcohol cotton ball with toothless tweezers, and clean the wound with 3% hydrogen peroxide or salt water. Be careful not to let alcohol penetrate into the wound skin to avoid causing pain. If necessary, it can be covered with vaseline gauze or other gauze or gauze strips that can promote wound healing, and then covered with 3-4 layers of dry gauze, and finally wrapped and fixed with adhesive tape or bandage. The adhesive tape should be perpendicular to the limb or body to avoid falling off. The wound was changed 1-4 days, 1 time.

4. The wound is heavily infected with pus, with black tissue, foul smell or green dressing. These wounds are difficult to treat at home, so you should go to the hospital in time.

Rapid treatment of cat and dog bites

Cat bite

If you are accidentally bitten by a cat, the wound will be red, swollen and painful, which will seriously cause lymphangitis, lymphadenitis or cellulitis. If the cat is infected with rabies, the consequences will be more serious. So do a good job of on-site first aid.

First aid method If the limbs are bitten, a tourniquet should be tied above the wound and then debrided. First, wash the wound with clean water, salted boiled water or 1: 2000 potassium permanganate solution, and then burn the wound locally with iodine or 5% carbolic acid (other wounds are treated as limbs). People who are seriously injured should be sent to the hospital for emergency treatment. In rabies epidemic areas, the treatment of cat bites should refer to dog bites to prevent rabies.

What if I am bitten by a dog?

Dog bites, whether mad dogs or normal dogs, should be washed with plenty of water (10000 ml or more) as soon as possible. If there is no water around for a period of time, you can use human urine instead of clean water to wash it first, and then try to find water.

Wash the wound thoroughly. The wound bitten by a dog is often small in the outside and deep in the inside, which requires that the wound be enlarged as much as possible, the surrounding soft tissue be squeezed hard, and the saliva and blood of the contaminated dog on the wound be washed as much as possible. If the wound bleeds too much, you should try to put a tourniquet on it immediately and then send it to the hospital for emergency treatment. Remember: don't bandage the wound!

Cleaning the wound on the spot, immediately and thoroughly is the key to the success or failure of rescue. Don't forget to wash the wound, or wash it carelessly, or even apply some mercuric chloride to bandage the wound and go to the hospital. This is absolutely wrong.

How to dress a wound?

Open injury is rare in sports, but accidents are more common in comprehensive and complicated training, so the treatment of open injury should be strict and skilled.

1. Deep, large and complicated wounds caused by accidents during training should be treated in time and bandaged as soon as possible. For wound dressings, sterile gauze including first aid kit should be used after simple disinfection. If there is no sterile gauze, clean towels and clothes can be used instead to avoid further contamination of the wound.

2, for special wounds, such as brain, chest, abdomen, limbs fracture exposure processing, to be decisive, rapid, accurate and strict. Because this kind of injury will soon endanger life and cause serious consequences. Specific methods.

(1), craniocerebral injury, open craniocerebral injury. No matter the severity, there is more bleeding, and once it is broken, the risk of skull is even greater. In this case, skilled dressing technology is needed, which can not only protect the wound from further damage by brain tissue, but also achieve the purpose of hemostasis. This method can adopt field conditions and put a circle larger than the wound. And then appropriately pressurize and bandage.

(2), chest injury, serious chest injury will soon endanger the patient's life, must be dealt with immediately. In case of open injury and pneumothorax, effective measures should be taken immediately to seal the wound and block gas from entering and leaving the wound. If multiple rib fractures are caused by closure, the chest loses support and the chest wall floats, so that you can't breathe effectively, properly lift or squeeze the injured part, such as lying on your side, to prevent the chest wall from floating and strive for further processing time.

(3) Open fractures of limbs are often seen in cases where the skin at the fracture end is exposed and the wound is contaminated. Never return the fractured end, and wrap it with sterile gauze. Patients who voluntarily return their limbs during fixation should explain to hospital doctors and take measures to prevent infection.

(4), visceral exposure, abdominal visceral prolapse caused by serious injury, covered with sterile dressing, no sterile gauze can be wrapped with a towel or clean clothes, buckled with a depression, do not directly oppress the internal organs. It is necessary not only to prevent further prolapse, but also to prevent ischemic necrosis caused by too tight compression.

Any of the above injuries is serious. Due to mental stimulation, local bleeding and pain after work, the injured may react to varying degrees, and even cause shock. Therefore, when dealing with it, it is necessary to make overall plans and comprehensive management. If analgesic and sedative drugs are given, they should be used blindly according to the specific situation to avoid serious consequences.